หนงสอเรอง การออกแบบการวจย: วธการวจยเชงคณภาพ วธการวจยเชงปรมาณ และวธการวจยแบบผสม (Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches) เปนหนงสอทเรยบเรยงเพออธบายเกยวกบความแตกตางของกระบวนทศนการวจยทง 2 แบบ ไดแก การวจย เชงปรมาณ และการวจยเชงคณภาพ และความจำเปนของประเดนปญหาการวจยทตองนำกระบวนทศนทง 2 มารวมกนหาขอคนพบเพอนำไปสผลการวจยทสามารถนำผลการวจยไปใชประโยชนไดอยางจรงมากยงขน เรยกวา “การวจยแบบผสมผสาน” ซงเปนหนงสอทอธบายวธการวจยทง 2 ประเภทไดอยางชดเจน และการรวมกนของกระบวนทศนการวจยทง 2 แบบอยางลงตว

Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches

Incremental and Radical Innovation: Design Research vs Technology and Meaning Change Donald A Norman, Roberto Verganti Donald A Norman and Stephen W Draper, Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human–Computer Inter- action (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1986); Donald A Norman, “Human-Centered Product Development,” Chapter 10 in The Invisible Computer: Why Good Products Can Fail, the Personal Computer Is So Complex, and Information Appliances Are the Solution (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1998), Background Our work began independently Norman was one of the originators of the class of design exploration now commonly known as user- centered or human-centered design (HCD) 1 These methods have a common framework: an iterative cycle of investigation—usually characterized by observations, an ideation phase, and rapid proto- type and testing Each iteration builds on the lessons learned from the previous cycle, and the process terminates either when the results are appropriate or when the allotted time has run out Norman realized that this continual process of checking with the intended users would indeed lead to incremental enhancements of the product; he also realized that it actually was a form of hill climbing—a well-known mathematical procedure for finding local optimization In hill climbing’s application to design, consider a multi-dimensional hill where position on one dimen- sion—height along the vertical axis—represents product quality; and where position along the other dimensions, represents choices among various design parameters This image is usually illus- trated with just two axes: product quality along the vertical axis and design parameters along the horizontal, as shown in Figure 1 Hill-climbing is used in situations, such as design, where the shape of the hill cannot be known in advance Therefore, one makes tiny movements along all the design dimensions and selects the one that yields an increase in height, repeating until satisfied This movement is precisely what the repeated rapid prototyping and testing is doing in HCD Think of a blindfolded person trying to reach the top of a hill by feeling the ground in all directions around the current position and then moving to the highest posi- tion, repeating until the “ground” in all directions is lower than the current one: This position would be the top of the hill Although the hill-climbing procedure guarantees continual improvement, with eventual termination at the peak of the hill, it has a well-known limit: “Climbers” have no way of knowing whether even higher hills might be scaled in some other part of the design space Hill-climbing methods get trapped in local maxima © 2013 Massachusetts Institute of Technology DesignIssues: Volume 30, Number 1 Winter 2014 doi:101162/DESI_a_00250

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Incremental and Radical Innovation: Design Research vs. Technology and Meaning Change

Materials are the stuff of design. From the very beginning of human history, materials have been taken from the natural world and shaped, modified, and adapted for everything from primitive tools to modern electronics. This renowned book by noted materials engineering author Mike Ashby and Industrial designer, Kara Johnson, explores the role of materials and materials processing in product design, with a particular emphasis on creating both desired aesthetics and functionality. The new edition will feature even more of the highly useful "materials profiles," that give critical design, processing, performance and applications criteria for each material in question. The reader will find information ranging from the generic and commercial names of each material, its physical and mechanical properties, its chemical properties, its common uses, how it is typically made and processed, and even its average price. And with improved photographs and drawings, the reader will be taken even more closely to the way real design is done by real designers, selecting the optimum materials for a successful product.
	
	* The best guide ever published on the on the role of materials, past and present, in product development, by noted materials authority Mike Ashby and professional designer Kara Johnson--now with even better photos and drawings on the Design Process
	
	* Significant new section on the use of re-cycled materials in products, and the importance of sustainable design for manufactured goods and services
	
	* Enhanced materials profiles, with addition of new materials types like nanomaterials, advanced plastics and bio-based materials

Materials and Design : The Art and Science of Material Selection in Product Design 2nd edition Ed. 2

The semantic turn: a new foundation for design, by Klaus Krippendorff, 2005, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, pp. 304, £44.99, hardback (ISBN 0 415 32220 0) The Semantic Turn: A New Foundation ...

The semantic turn: A new foundation for design

Fungi have the ability to transform organic materials into a rich and diverse set of useful products and provide distinct opportunities for tackling the urgent challenges before all humans. Fungal biotechnology can advance the transition from our petroleum-based economy into a bio-based circular economy and has the ability to sustainably produce resilient sources of food, feed, chemicals, fuels, textiles, and materials for construction, automotive and transportation industries, for furniture and beyond. Fungal biotechnology offers solutions for securing, stabilizing and enhancing the food supply for a growing human population, while simultaneously lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Fungal biotechnology has, thus, the potential to make a significant contribution to climate change mitigation and meeting the United Nation's sustainable development goals through the rational improvement of new and established fungal cell factories. The White Paper presented here is the result of the 2nd Think Tank meeting held by the EUROFUNG consortium in Berlin in October 2019. This paper highlights discussions on current opportunities and research challenges in fungal biotechnology and aims to inform scientists, educators, the general public, industrial stakeholders and policymakers about the current fungal biotech revolution.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40694-020-00095-z.pdf

Growing a circular economy with fungal biotechnology: a white paper

https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A6d95a8ca-97d1-4185-b07d-a6d30c4db365/datastream/OBJ/download

Fabrication factors influencing mechanical, moisture- and water-related properties of mycelium-based composites

Diverse forms of material expressions can be achieved through practices that cross-fertilize biology and design. Growing Design is one such practice in which designers grow materials from living organisms, such as bacteria, algae or fungi. While this emerging practice may facilitate novel product ideas, the grown materials, to date, are often used in applications as surrogates for conventional materials. A recently introduced method, Material Driven Design (MDD) (Karana, Barati, Rognoli, & Zeeuw van der Laan, 2015), can support designers in finding novel application ideas for a material in development, by providing the ways in which the unique technical and experiential qualities of the material are emphasized and bridged in an appropriate and creative manner. The present paper explores the journey of a product design master’s student, who followed the MDD method through a six-month graduation project, in search of a product application idea for a material that is intentionally grown for design purposes, namely, mycelium-based materials. We provide a practical understanding of how the material-driven design process evolves when the material grows, and elaborate on the product application concept through the lens of materials experience, which is the main motivation for the research and design activities throughout the project. We further speculate on the tools and activities that the student incorporated in the design process to tackle uncertainty as to the micro-organism’s agency, its unique temporality, and the acceptance of the material in society.

/pdf/when-the-material-grows-a-case-study-on-designing-with-4wk9e3taqy.pdf

When the Material Grows: A Case Study on Designing (with) Mycelium-Based Materials

Fabricating materials from living organisms: An emerging design practice

Designers engage with prototyping already at the early phases of design process, implying a variety of techniques and with diversity of scopes. The classic definition of prototyping is currently debated in the design research community, to achieve one more inclusive of emerging approaches. With this paper, we propose a definition of prototypes as lenses through which designers can frame the product-to-be, raising design questions and construct answers to them. A model and a framework for prototyping decisions are also discussed in the context of other scholars' perspectives.

/pdf/a-lens-on-future-products-an-expanded-notion-of-prototyping-2na02gajoe.pdf

Serena Camere

Papers

Fabrication factors influencing mechanical, moisture- and water-related properties of mycelium-based composites

When the Material Grows: A Case Study on Designing (with) Mycelium-Based Materials

Fabricating materials from living organisms: An emerging design practice

A lens on future products: an expanded notion of prototyping practice

Valorization of wheat bran agro-industrial byproduct as an upgrading filler for mycelium-based composite materials