Synthesis, biological and environmental applications of hydroxyapatite and its composites with organic and inorganic coatings

Biofilm-forming bacteria present formidable challenges across diverse settings, and there is a need for new antimicrobial agents that are both environmentally acceptable and relatively potent against microorganisms in the biofilm state. The antimicrobial activity of three naturally occurring, low molecular weight, phenols, and their derivatives were evaluated against planktonic and biofilm Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The structure activity relationships of eugenol, thymol, carvacrol, and their corresponding 2- and 4-allyl, 2-methallyl, and 2- and 4-n-propyl derivatives were evaluated. Allyl derivatives showed a consistent increased potency with both killing and inhibiting planktonic cells but they exhibited a decrease in potency against biofilms. This result underscores the importance of using biofilm assays to develop structure-activity relationships when the end target is biofilm.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Naturally Occurring Phenols and Derivatives Against Biofilm and Planktonic Bacteria.

Several studies have been conducted to report diagnostic values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in the many diseases, such as oncological, inflammatory, and some infectious diseases. However, the predictive value of these laboratory parameters for early periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to determine predictive values of the postoperative NLR, PLR, and LMR for the diagnosis of PJIs. In this retrospective study, 104 patients (26 early PJI cases and 78 non-PJI cases) who underwent total joint arthroplasty were enrolled in this study. All the patients were then categorized into two groups: PJI group, patients with the diagnosis of PJI (26 patients; 14 males, 12 females; mean age = 65.47 ± 10.23 age range = 51–81 ) and non-PJI group, patients without PJI (78 patients; 40 males, 38 females; mean age = 62.15 ± 9.33, age range = 41–92). We defined “suspected time” as the time that any abnormal symptoms or signs occurred, including fever, local swelling, or redness around the surgical site between 2 and 4 weeks after surgery and before the diagnosis. Suspected time and laboratory parameters, including NLR, PLR, LMR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), were compared between both groups. The trends of postoperative NLR, LMR, PLR, CRP, and ESR were also reviewed. The predictive ability of these parameters at the suspected time for early PJI was evaluated by multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. NLR, PLR, and LMR returned to preoperative levels within 2 weeks after surgery in the two groups. In the PJI group, NLR and PLR were significantly increased during the incubation period of infection or infection, and LMR was significantly reduced, although 61.5% (16/26) of the patients had normal white blood cells. Interestingly, ESR and CRP were still relatively high 2 weeks after surgery and were not different between the two groups before infection started (p = 0.12 and 0.4, respectively). NLR and PLR were significantly correlated with early PJI (Odds ratios for NLR and PLR = 88.36 and 1.12, respectively; p values for NLR and PLR = 0.005 and 0.01, respectively). NLR had great predictive ability for the diagnosis of early PJI, with a cut-off value of 2.77 (sensitivity = 84.6%, specificity = 89.7%, 95% CI = 0.86–0.97). ESR and CRP seem not to be sensitive for the diagnosis of early PJI due to their persistently high levels after arthroplasty. The postoperative NLR at the suspected time may have a great ability to predict early PJI.

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Predictive values of the postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio for the diagnosis of early periprosthetic joint infections: a preliminary study

Complete blood platelet and lymphocyte ratios increase diagnostic accuracy of periprosthetic joint infection following total hip arthroplasty

Piperitenone oxide-rich Mentha longifolia essential oil and its nanoemulsion to manage different developmental stages of insect and mite pests attacking stored wheat

1 Umut Hatay Gölge1, Burak Kaymaz1, Özhan Pazarcı2, Seyran Kılınç2, Zekeriya Öztemur2, Okay Bulut2 1Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Çanakkale, 2Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey Nötrofil Lenfosit Oranı Eklem Protez Enfeksiyonu / Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Prosthetic Joint Infection Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio May Be a Diagnostic Marker for Prosthetic Joint Infection

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio May Be a Diagnostic Marker for Prosthetic Joint Infection

Objective This study aimed to determine the antibiofilm activity of Mentha longifolia essential oil (EO) against biofilms forming on in-vitro implant surfaces. Materials and methods Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans biofilms were used. Stainless steel and titanium samples were grouped as control, water diluted, no EO addition, and reducing amounts of EO doses. The six microorganisms included in the study were investigated to examine if there were differences between the doses on the implant surfaces. The eradication effect of the EO in samples investigated with electron microscope was classified as 0: none, 1: mild, 2: moderate, and 3: severe. The chemical composition of the EO was determined with gas chromatography. Results In terms of biofilm formation, no difference was observed between implant surfaces. While S. aureus and C. albicans were observed to be the most susceptible, P. aeruginosa was identified as the most resistant. According to gas chromatography, M. longifolia EO comprised 61.40% carvacrol and 0.28% thymol. Conclusion In vitro, M. longifolia EO was shown to be effective against gram negative/positive and fungal biofilms forming on the surface of stainless steel and titanium implants.

Investigation of the Antibiofilm Effects of Mentha longifolia Essential Oil on Titanium and Stainless Steel Orthopedic Implant Surfaces

This study represents a comprehensive discussion of hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation from human and bovine bones The phase formation and surface morphologies of prepared HAp powders were determined 

Effect of Calcination on Microstructure Development and Properties of Hydroxyapatite Powders Extracted from Human and Bovine Bones

Compartment syndrome linked to skin anthrax is a rare complication that may develop and it should be noted that the disease may progress in spite of medical drug treatment. Our case was a farmer who was exposed after slaughtering a dead animal, a time delay for treatment hided this history and then developed compartment syndrome. In anthrax cases with delayed treatment and aggressive progression, circulation in the extremities should be carefully noted. We believe that the cases with compartment syndrome progressing in spite of medical drug treatment may be assessed for fasciotomy as a treatment approach.

A serious case of anthrax associated with compartment syndrome.

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.3538 Received: 03.05.2015 Accepted: 02.06.2015 Printed: 01.08.2015 J Clin Anal Med 2015;6(suppl 4): 536-8 Corresponding Author: Seyran Kılınç, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Anabilim Dalı, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, TR-58140 Sivas, Türkiye. T.: +90 3462580634 GSM: +905317930068 E-Mail: seyrankilinc@hotmail.com Özet Echinococcus granulosus parazitozu tarafından oluşan kist hidatik (KH) hastalığı ülkemizde endemik olarak görülmekte ve sıklıkla karaciğer ve akciğerde yerleşmektedir. Primer yumuşak doku yerleşimi çok nadirdir ve genellikle tanıda sorunlarla karşılaşılır. Türkiye KH hastalığı için endemik bir bölge olduğundan tüm vücutta yerleşen kistik lezyonların ayırıcı tanısında mutlaka KH akılda tutulmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, primer lezyon tespit edilemeyen, gluteus maximus kası yerleşimli bir kist hidatik olgusundan bahsedilmektedir.

Seyran Kilinc

Papers

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio May Be a Diagnostic Marker for Prosthetic Joint Infection

Investigation of the Antibiofilm Effects of Mentha longifolia Essential Oil on Titanium and Stainless Steel Orthopedic Implant Surfaces

Effect of Calcination on Microstructure Development and Properties of Hydroxyapatite Powders Extracted from Human and Bovine Bones

A serious case of anthrax associated with compartment syndrome.

Isolated Gluteus Maximus Muscle Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report