Multi-objective optimization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells by RSM and NSGA-II

The demand for food items is increasing to match population growth rates. Meanwhile, many countries struggle to guarantee a full year-round production of crops because of the harsh weather conditions in cold and hot seasons. Greenhouses are used to mitigate the harsh weather conditions and allow for a full year-round production of crops by controlling the microclimate and ensuring that the crops acquire the required level of temperature, humidity, water, and light. Several design factors play a crucial role in the successful deployment of the greenhouse. These parameters include shape, orientation, structure, cover material, and climate control technologies. Climate control strategies include cooling and heating technologies. This paper presents a comprehensive review of cooling technologies for greenhouses, especially ones deployed in hot climates. Technologies such as natural ventilation, shading and reflection, evaporative cooling, desiccant cooling, and combined cooling technologies are presented and discussed. Moreover, this paper explores recent advancements in the field of cooling technologies and systems. The paper also explains existing strategies to save energy and improve the efficiency of greenhouses. The results of this review are expected to guide researchers in the process of selecting the most suitable cooling technology for their specific regions. 

Selection criteria of cooling technologies for sustainable greenhouses: A comprehensive review

Thermal transport of charging/discharging for hydrogen storage in a metal hydride reactor coupled with thermochemical heat storage materials

In order to research the structure-borne noise characteristics of a T-shaped tee considering fluid-structure interaction (FSI), the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and acoustic Finite Element Methods (FEM) were used to simulate the flow field and structure-borne noise related to T-shaped tees under different inlet and outlet combinations. The results show that the frequency domain sound pressure level (SPL) distribution under various inlet flow velocities is stable, the structure-borne noise of the T-shaped tee is a high-frequency noise, and the SPL curves provide a peak distribution. Meanwhile, the distribution characteristics of the structure-borne noise in the frequency domain follows similar trends under different inlet flow velocities. Additionally, the structure-borne noise won't produce the mechanical resonance of the system. When the inlet velocity increases from 1 m/s to 3 m/s, the total sound pressure level (TSPL) increases from 83.71 dB to 98.18 dB, a relative increase of 17.3%. In addition, the frequency domain distributions of the SPL under various inlet and outlet combinations are basically similar. The TSPL of four inlet and outlet combinations for the structure-borne noise are III, IV, II, and I in descending order. When the inlet flow velocity is 1 m/s, 2 m/s, and 3 m/s, in the case of combination I, the TSPL of the structure-borne noise decreases by 6.28 dB, 5.59 dB, and 6.39 dB, in contrast to the combination III, respectively. This study provides the guidance for the noise control and structural optimization design of a T-shaped tee considering the FSI.

Numerical simulation of structure-borne noise in a T-shaped tee considering fluid-structure interaction

Preparation of SrZrAl multiple oxide catalyst for produce biodiesel from acidified palm oil

http://manuscript.elsevier.com/S0196890422005052/pdf/S0196890422005052.pdf

Thermodynamic and exergy analysis of a novel PEMFC-ORC-MH combined integrated energy system

Investigation on feasible zone of nozzle spray for pre-cooling the inlet air of natural draft dry cooling tower

Numerical simulation regarding flow-induced noise in variable cross-section pipelines based on large eddy simulations and Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings methods

Preparation of a garlic peel waste-derived carbon solid acid catalyst with the porous structure for biodiesel production

Crosswind affects the airflow fields of the natural draft dry cooling towers (NDDCTs), thus the spray zones for pre-cooling the inlet air of the NDDCT might be different from no crosswind. Therefore, a 3-D model of pre-cooled NDDCT under crosswind was established by Fluent 16.2 to investigate the feasible zone of nozzle spray of a 120 m high NDDCT based on the behavior of the droplets. Six nozzle heights, nine nozzle radiuses and four spray angles were simulated for the NDDCT application within the crosswind speeds of 0∼10 m/s. The evaporation percentage of droplets higher than 99% and the maximum effective evaporation ratio are selected as the criterion for the feasible zone of nozzle arrangement. Simulation finds that: (1) the nozzle arrangement height should be set at 7 m when the crosswind speed is 0 m/s, and it should be set at 9 m when the crosswind speeds are 2 m/s, 4 m/s,6 m/s, 8 m/s and 10 m/s, respectively. (2) The feasible spray angles of nozzles are 0°and 90° at the crosswind speeds of 0∼4 m/s and 6∼10 m/s, respectively. (3) The nozzle radiuses are 0∼41.5 m at crosswind speed of 0 m/s, they are 0∼21.5 m at the crosswind speed of 2 m/s, and they are 0∼16.5 m when the crosswind speeds are 4 m/s, 6 m/s, 8 m/s and 10 m/s, respectively based on the above feasible heights and spray angles. The results will provide a guidance for nozzle design of spray pre-cooled NDDCT under crosswinds. 

Shen Cheng

Papers

Thermodynamic and exergy analysis of a novel PEMFC-ORC-MH combined integrated energy system

Investigation on feasible zone of nozzle spray for pre-cooling the inlet air of natural draft dry cooling tower

Numerical simulation regarding flow-induced noise in variable cross-section pipelines based on large eddy simulations and Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings methods

Preparation of a garlic peel waste-derived carbon solid acid catalyst with the porous structure for biodiesel production

Nozzle arrangement study for pre-cooling the inlet air of natural draft dry cooling tower under crosswinds