In-band full-duplex (IBFD) transmission represents an attractive option for increasing the throughput of wireless communication systems A key challenge for IBFD transmission is reducing self-interference Fortunately, the power associated with residual self-interference can be effectively canceled for feasible IBFD transmission with combinations of various advanced passive, analog, and digital self-interference cancellation schemes In this survey paper, we first review the basic concepts of IBFD transmission with shared and separated antennas and advanced self-interference cancellation schemes Furthermore, we also discuss the effects of IBFD transmission on system performance in various networks such as bidirectional, relay, and cellular topology networks This survey covers a wide array of technologies that have been proposed in the literature as feasible for IBFD transmission and evaluates the performance of the IBFD systems compared to conventional half-duplex transmission in connection with theoretical aspects such as the achievable sum rate, network capacity, system reliability, and so on We also discuss the research challenges and opportunities associated with the design and analysis of IBFD systems in a variety of network topologies This work also explores the development of MAC protocols for an IBFD system in both infrastructure-based and ad hoc networks Finally, we conclude our survey by reviewing the advantages of IBFD transmission when applied for different purposes, such as spectrum sensing, network secrecy, and wireless power transfer

A Survey of In-Band Full-Duplex Transmission: From the Perspective of PHY and MAC Layers

Security has become the primary concern in many telecommunications industries today as risks can have high consequences. Especially, as the core and enable technologies will be associated with 5G network, the confidential information will move at all layers in future wireless systems. Several incidents revealed that the hazard encountered by an infected wireless network, not only affects the security and privacy concerns, but also impedes the complex dynamics of the communications ecosystem. Consequently, the complexity and strength of security attacks have increased in the recent past making the detection or prevention of sabotage a global challenge. From the security and privacy perspectives, this paper presents a comprehensive detail on the core and enabling technologies, which are used to build the 5G security model; network softwarization security, PHY (Physical) layer security and 5G privacy concerns, among others. Additionally, the paper includes discussion on security monitoring and management of 5G networks. This paper also evaluates the related security measures and standards of core 5G technologies by resorting to different standardization bodies and provide a brief overview of 5G standardization security forces. Furthermore, the key projects of international significance, in line with the security concerns of 5G and beyond are also presented. Finally, a future directions and open challenges section has included to encourage future research.

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A Survey on Security and Privacy of 5G Technologies: Potential Solutions, Recent Advancements, and Future Directions

The development of the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks is gaining momentum to connect almost all aspects of life through the network with much higher speed, very low latency and ubiquitous connectivity. Due to its crucial role in our lives, the network must secure its users, components, and services. The security threat landscape of 5G has grown enormously due to the unprecedented increase in types of services and in the number of devices. Therefore, security solutions if not developed yet must be envisioned already to cope with diverse threats on various services, novel technologies, and increased user information accessible by the network. This paper outlines the 5G network threat landscape, the security vulnerabilities in the new technological concepts that will be adopted by 5G, and provides either solutions to those threats or future directions to cope with those security challenges. We also provide a brief outline of the post-5G cellular technologies and their security vulnerabilities which is referred to as future generations (XG) in this paper. In brief, this paper highlights the present and future security challenges in wireless networks, mainly in 5G, and future directions to secure wireless networks beyond 5G.

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Security for 5G and Beyond

Along with the rapid development and wide application of information technology, human society is entering the information era. In this era, people live and work in cyberspace, which is a collection of all infor-mation systems, and the information environment for human survival. Therefore, ensuring cyberspace security is necessary. This paper provides a comprehensive introduction to the research and development, existing prob-lems, and some popular research topics on the cyberspace concept, cyberspace security discipline, cryptography, network security, information system security, and information content security.

Survey on cyberspace security

5G mobile technology: A survey

The objective of this paper is comprehensive study related to 5G technology of mobile communication. Existing research work in mobile communication is related to 5G technology. In 5G, researches are related to the development of World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Networks (DAWN) and Real Wireless Communication. The most important technologies for 5G technologies are 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and 802.16 Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMAN), Ad-hoc Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) and Wireless networks for digital communication. 4G technology will include several standards under a common umbrella, similar to 3G, but with IEEE 802.xx wireless mobile networks integrated from the commencement. The major contribution of this paper is the key provisions of 5G (Fifth Generation) technology of mobile communication, which is seen as consumer oriented. In 5G technology, the mobile consumer has given utmost priority compared to others. 5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile Technology. 5G technology is to make use of mobile phones within very high bandwidth. The consumer never experienced the utmost valued technology as 5G. The 5G technologies include all types of advanced features which make 5G technology most dominant technology in near future.

5G technology of mobile communication: A survey

Graphene-based highly efficient and broadband solar absorber

Metasurface based broadband solar absorber

Graphene-based efficient metasurface solar absorber is presented. Graphene monolayer sheet is integrated over silicon dioxide dielectric layer to improve the bandwidth and achieve maximum absorption in the visible region from 430 to 770 THz. Simulation results indicate that the average absorption of our graphene-based metasurface absorber is more than 84% in the visible range. The absorber C-shape metasurface top layer placed above the graphene sheet is made up of tungsten material, and bottom layer made up of tungsten material helps in absorbing incoming electromagnetic light. The resonance frequency can be tuned in a wide frequency range by changing different physical parameters of proposed absorbers design. The absorption efficiency results of the proposed design are also compared with previously published similar absorber design to show the improvement of absorption in the proposed design. The proposed design is useful for designing next-generation graphene-based sensors and photovoltaic devices. Purposed graphene-based metasurface absorber can be used as a basic building block of solar energy-harvesting photovoltaic devices.

Numerical investigation of graphene-based efficient and broadband metasurface for terahertz solar absorber

The article investigates graphene metasurface based infrared biosensor. Graphene metasurface perturbations are added in the Si3N4 waveguide to create leaky wave structure. Biomolecules in blood plasma form are placed over the Si3N4 waveguide to observe the sensing characteristics. Numerical results of absorption, reflectance, electric field and sensitivity are presented in this paper. The sensitivity is calculated from the shift in the absorption peak of biosensor. The sensitivity of the proposed biosensor is also compared with the previously published biosensor designs. In addition, the design results in the form of absorption and reflectance is observed for the different physical parameters like waveguide height (S), biomolecules/air layer height(B), SiO2 layer height(C) and graphene perturbations period(G). The corresponding electric field response is also presented for the proposed design at different frequencies to show the leakage of light in the biomolecules layer.

Shobhit K. Patel

Papers

5G technology of mobile communication: A survey

Graphene-based highly efficient and broadband solar absorber

Metasurface based broadband solar absorber

Numerical investigation of graphene-based efficient and broadband metasurface for terahertz solar absorber

Design of graphene metasurface based sensitive infrared biosensor