저작근 근전도에 관한 정상교합자와 ii급 부정교합자의 비교 연구

In addition to the canonical double helix, DNA can fold into various other inter- and intramolecular secondary structures. Although many such structures were long thought to be in vitro artefacts, bioinformatics demonstrates that DNA sequences capable of forming these structures are conserved throughout evolution, suggesting the existence of non-B-form DNA in vivo. In addition, genes whose products promote formation or resolution of these structures are found in diverse organisms, and a growing body of work suggests that the resolution of DNA secondary structures is critical for genome integrity. This Review focuses on emerging evidence relating to the characteristics of G-quadruplex structures and the possible influence of such structures on genomic stability and cellular processes, such as transcription.

DNA secondary structures: stability and function of G-quadruplex structures

'If G-quadruplexes form so readily in vitro, Nature will have found a way of using them in vivo' (Statement by Aaron Klug over 30 years ago).During the last decade, four-stranded helical structures called G-quadruplex (or G4) have emerged from being a structural curiosity observed in vitro, to being recognized as a possible nucleic acid based mechanism for regulating multiple biological processes in vivo. The sequencing of many genomes has revealed that they are rich in sequence motifs that have the potential to form G-quadruplexes and that their location is non-random, correlating with functionally important genomic regions. In this short review, we summarize recent evidence for the in vivo presence and function of DNA and RNA G-quadruplexes in various cellular pathways including DNA replication, gene expression and telomere maintenance. We also highlight remaining open questions that will have to be addressed in the future.

G-quadruplexes and their regulatory roles in biology.

G-quadruplex structures: in vivo evidence and function

Natural products continue to provide a diverse and unique source of bioactive lead compounds for drug discovery, but maintaining their continued eminence as source compounds is challenging in the face of the changing face of the pharmaceutical industry and the changing nature of biodiversity prospecting brought about by the Convention on Biological Diversity. This review provides an overview of some of these challenges and suggests ways in which they can be addressed so that natural products research can remain a viable and productive route to drug discovery. Results from International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (ICBGs) working in Madagascar, Panama, and Suriname are used as examples of what can be achieved when biodiversity conservation is linked to drug discovery.

Modern Natural Products Drug Discovery and its Relevance to Biodiversity Conservation

Nanoparticles for modulating tumor microenvironment to improve drug delivery and tumor therapy.

https://www.rsc.org/suppdata/CC/b8/b820101c/b820101c.pdf

Verification of specific G-quadruplex structure by using a novel cyanine dye supramolecular assembly: I. recognizing mixed G-quadruplex in human telomeres.

The supramolecular assembly of a novel cyanine dye, 3,3'-di(3-sulfopropyl)-4,5,4',5'-dibenzo-9-ethyl-thiacarbocyanine triethylammonium salt (ETC) was designed to verify specific intramolecular G-quadruplexes from duplex and single-strand DNAs. Spectral results have shown that ETC presented two major distinct signatures with specific intramolecular G-quadruplexes in vitro: (i) dramatic changes in the absorption spectra (including disappearance of absorption peak around 660 nm and appearance of independent new peak around 584 nm); (ii) approximately 70 times enhancement of fluorescence signal at 600 nm. Furthermore, based on (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism results, the preferring binding of ETC to specific intramolecular G-quadruplexes probably result from end-stacking, and the loop structure nearby also plays an important role.

Verification of specific G-quadruplex structure by using a novel cyanine dye supramolecular assembly: II. The binding characterization with specific intramolecular G-quadruplex and the recognizing mechanism

Stabilizing parallel G-quadruplex DNA by a new class of ligands: two non-planar alkaloids through interaction in lateral grooves.

The H-aggregates of a novel cyanine dye, 3,3'-di(3-sulfopropyl)-4,5,4',5'-dibenzo-9-methyl-thiacarbocyanine triethylammonium salt (MTC), have been fabricated to verify hybrid/parallel intramolecular G-quadruplexes from linear duplex and single-strand DNAs under physiological conditions. The recognition is found to be successful both in solution and on Au film. These results have shown MTC H-aggregates, as a supramolecular system, may be used as a potential excellent probe for DNA structure, both in vitro and in vivo.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ac1017716

Verification of Intramolecular Hybrid/Parallel G-Quadruplex Structure under Physiological Conditions Using Novel Cyanine Dye H-Aggregates: Both in Solution and on Au Film

Shu Yang

Papers

Nanoparticles for modulating tumor microenvironment to improve drug delivery and tumor therapy.

Verification of specific G-quadruplex structure by using a novel cyanine dye supramolecular assembly: I. recognizing mixed G-quadruplex in human telomeres.

Verification of specific G-quadruplex structure by using a novel cyanine dye supramolecular assembly: II. The binding characterization with specific intramolecular G-quadruplex and the recognizing mechanism

Stabilizing parallel G-quadruplex DNA by a new class of ligands: two non-planar alkaloids through interaction in lateral grooves.

Verification of Intramolecular Hybrid/Parallel G-Quadruplex Structure under Physiological Conditions Using Novel Cyanine Dye H-Aggregates: Both in Solution and on Au Film