How to Do Things With Words

The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society

Meanwhile, the authors' antidote to the American sicknessa quest for democratic community that draws on our diverse civic and religious traditionshas contributed to a vigorous scholarly and popular debate. Attention has been focused on forms of social organization, be it civil society, democratic communitarianism, or associative democracy, that can humanize the market and the administrative state. In their new Introduction the authors relate the argument of their book both to the current realities of American society and to the growing debate about the country's future. With this new edition one of the most influential books of recent times takes on a new immediacy.\

Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life

The End of History and the Last Man

In the present paper a research has been done on the essay ‘Can the Subaltern Speak’ by’ Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’. It has been explained into much simpler language about what the author conveys for better understanding and further references. Also the criticism has been done by various critiques from various sources which is helpful from examination point of view. The paper has been divided into various contexts with an introduction and the conclusions. Also the references has been written that depicts the sources of criticism.

/pdf/can-the-subaltern-speak-559i22edvt.pdf

Can the Subaltern Speak

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of Luc Boltanski’s account of the multifaceted relationship between mysteries, conspiracies, and inquiries in modern societies. It is striking that, although this important aspect of Boltanski’s oeuvre has been commented on by several scholars, his principal contributions to this area of investigation have been largely overlooked and received hardly any serious attention by researchers in the humanities and social sciences. This paper is an attempt to fill this noticeable gap in the literature. Thus, rather than covering the entire breadth and depth of Boltanski’s writings, the paper will focus on the valuable insights his work offers into the relationship between mysteries, conspiracies, and inquiries. To this end, the analysis is divided into two parts. The first part comprises an overview of Boltanski’s central theoretical contributions to our understanding of mysteries, conspiracies, and inquiries. The second part offers some critical reflections on important issues arising from Boltanski’s examination of the relationship between mysteries, conspiracies, and inquiries – especially with regard to its limitations and shortcomings.

Mysteries, Conspiracies, and Inquiries: Reflections on the Power of Superstition, Suspicion, and Scrutiny

The main purpose of this paper is to shed light on Pierre Bourdieu’s conception of language. Although he has dedicated a significant part of his work to the study of language and even though his analysis of language has been extensively discussed in the literature, almost no attention has been paid to the fact that Bourdieu’s account of language is based on a number of ontological presuppositions, that is, on a set of universal assumptions about the very nature of language. This article aims to fill this gap in the literature by offering a detailed overview of 10 key features which, from a Bourdieusian point of view, can be regarded as inherent in language. On the basis of this enquiry, the study seeks to demonstrate that – contrary to common belief – there is not only a Bourdieusian sociology of language but also a Bourdieusian philosophy of language, which provides a useful theoretical framework for examining the unavoidable conditions of the real speech situation. The paper draws to a close by reflecting on the flaws and limitations of Bourdieu’s approach to language.

Bourdieusian Reflections on Language: Unavoidable Conditions of the Real Speech Situation

The Case for a Critical Hermeneutics

Originally published as Luc Boltanski, Juliette Rennes and Simon Susen (2014 [2010]) ‘The Fragility of Reality: Luc Boltanski in Conversation With Juliette Rennes and Simon Susen’, translated by Simon Susen, in Simon Susen and Bryan S. Turner (eds.) The Spirit of Luc Boltanski: Essays on the ‘Pragmatic Sociology of Critique’, London: Anthem Press. Reprinted with kind permission from Anthem Press.Luc Boltanski is a sociologist and Directeur d’Etudes at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Born in 1940, he is author of fifteen books, which are based on various field studies and transcend disciplinary boundaries: nursing, reproduction, abortion, the professional world of cadres, the humanitarian, and management – to mention only a few of the topics covered in his books. His sociology focuses on the analysis of normative orders and resources mobilized by human actors in order to preserve, or challenge, particular sets of social arrangements. As reflected in the debates sparked by his ‘pragmatic turn’, the conceptual tools which Boltanski has developed in his numerous studies have had a profound impact upon contemporary sociology – both in France and beyond. His intellectual trajectory is shaped by doubts, methodological revisions, and theoretical shifts, illustrating that Luc Boltanski is a sociologist who is attentive to the construction processes and uncertainties of social life.

The Fragility of Reality

Étudier l’impact de 2 doses d’acide tranexamique (TXA) 0,5 g et 1 g sur les marqueurs biologiques d’hyperfibrinolyse en cours de césarienne hémorragique (CS-PPH). Patientes présentant une CS-HPP > 800 mL pour lesquelles au moins 2 bilans biologiques ont été collectés après l’inclusion. TRACES pharmaco-biologique est une étude contrôlée par placebo randomisée conduite en double aveugle dans huit maternités françaises. Après consentement informé, les patientes étaient randomisées en aveugle dans trois groupes recevant une dose unique de TXA 0,5 g (n = 57), TXA 1 g (n = 58), ou de placebo (n = 60) en intraveineux (i.v.). Les données biologiques ont été recueillies avant injection (T0), 30, 60, 120, 360 minutes après injection (T30, T60, T120, T360). Parmi les données étudiées, l’évolution des taux plasmatiques en D-dimères, en complexes plasmine-antiplasmine (PAP), et de la génération de plasmine-thrombine ont été comparés entre les groupes TXA 1 g, TXA 0,5 g et placebo par des analyses longitudinales de covariance avec un risque alpha à 5 % (SAS). Une hyperfibrinolyse était observée dans le groupe placebo, marquée par une augmentation des D-dimères entre T0 et T120 de 93 % IC95 % [68–118 %] et des PAP entre T0 et T30 de 56 % IC95 % [25–87]. Dans le groupe TXA 1 g, l’augmentation des D-dimères était significativement limitée à 38 % IC95 % [13–63]% (p = 0,03) et l’augmentation des PAP était significativement différente, avec une inhibition de l’augmentation illustrée par une différence moyenne des PAP mesurés entre T0 et T30 de −2 % IC95 % [−28 à +32 %] (p = 0,006). Concernant le groupe TXA 0,5 g, l’augmentation des D-Dimères et des PAP semblait minimisée par rapport au groupe placebo, avec une augmentation des D-Dimères de 58 % IC95 % [32–84] (p = 0,06) et une augmentation des PAP de 13 % IC95 % [18–43] (p = 0,051). Le pic de potentiel de génération de plasmine était significativement différent avec une tendance à la diminution pour les groupes TXA 0,5 g et TXA 1 g versus placebo, à tous les temps de l’étude. Le temps de pic de plasmine et l’intervalle de temps entre les pics de plasmine et de thrombine étaient significativement différents avec une tendance à la diminution pour le groupe TXA1 g, à tous les temps de l’étude. Une hyperfibrinolyse est observée dans le groupe placebo de notre cohorte de patientes en césarienne hémorragique, comme dans les cohortes de patientes des études EXADELI [1] et ancillaire de l’étude WOMAN [2]. La dose unique de 1 g de TXA i.v. semble avoir de meilleurs résultats pour inhiber l’hyperfibrinolyse que la dose de 0,5 g. La modélisation pharmacocinétique-pharmacodynamique pourrait aider à déterminer la dose optimale et le meilleur timing de l’acide tranexamique. 

L’acide tranexamique i.v. pour inhiber l’hyperfibrinolyse au cours d’une césarienne hémorragique : quelle dose administrer ? Étude pharmaco-biologique dose–effet contrôlée randomisée double aveugle (traces)

Simon Susen

Papers

Mysteries, Conspiracies, and Inquiries: Reflections on the Power of Superstition, Suspicion, and Scrutiny

Bourdieusian Reflections on Language: Unavoidable Conditions of the Real Speech Situation

The Case for a Critical Hermeneutics

The Fragility of Reality

L’acide tranexamique i.v. pour inhiber l’hyperfibrinolyse au cours d’une césarienne hémorragique : quelle dose administrer ? Étude pharmaco-biologique dose–effet contrôlée randomisée double aveugle (traces)