動注化学療法における pharmacokinetics と臨床

The development of glycobiology relies on the sources of particular oligosaccharides in their purest forms. As the isolation of the oligosaccharide structures from natural sources is not a reliable option for providing samples with homogeneity, chemical means become pertinent. The growing demand for diverse oligosaccharide structures has prompted the advancement of chemical strategies to stitch sugar molecules with precise stereo- and regioselectivity through the formation of glycosidic bonds. This Review will focus on the key developments towards chemical O-glycosylations in the current century. Synthesis of novel glycosyl donors and acceptors and their unique activation for successful glycosylation are discussed. This Review concludes with a summary of recent developments and comments on future prospects.

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Chemical O-Glycosylations: An Overview

Researchers use several different analytical techniques, such as ORAC, ABTS·+, or FRAP, for measuring the antioxidant capacity of bioactive compounds. However, many authors do not take into account that these three techniques have different objectives. This contribution reports on the use of two types of tests to evaluate the antioxidant activity of four stilbene tests based first on the hydrogen atom transfer reaction (ORAC method) and the second on the single electron transfer reaction (ABTS·+ and FRAP assays). For the ORAC assay, the greatest antioxidant activity was shown by resveratrol, followed by oxyresveratrol, pterostilbene, and pinosylvin, while in the ABTS.+ assay, the highest antioxidant capacity was presented by oxyresveratrol, followed by resveratrol, pinosylvin, and finally pterostilbene. In the FRAP assay, the reducing activity shown by all the stilbenes was below that obtained for trolox. The role of phenolic hydroxyl groups was studied. The technique used should be selected taking into account the objectives and the conditions of the medium.

Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Capacity of Four Stilbenes Using ORAC, ABTS+, and FRAP Techniques

Pterostilbene (PTE), one of the polyphenols present in plants such as blueberries and grapes, has been suggested to have various effects, such as anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-cancer effects. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe neurological event known for its high morbidity and mortality. Recently, early brain injury (EBI) has been reported to play a significant role in the prognosis of patients with SAH. The present study aimed to investigate whether PTE could attenuate EBI after SAH was induced in C57BL/6 J mice. We also studied possible underlying mechanisms. After PTE treatment, the neurological score and brain water content of the mice were assessed. Oxidative stress and neuronal injury were also evaluated. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity was assessed using western blot analysis. Our results indicated that PTE treatment reduces the SAH grade, neurological score, and brain water content following SAH. PTE treatment also reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. PTE alleviated the oxidative stress following SAH as evidenced by the dihydroethidium staining, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde content, 3-nitrotyrosie and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels, and gp91phox and 4-hydroxynonenal expression levels. Additionally, PTE treatment reduced neuronal apoptosis. In conclusion, our study suggests that PTE attenuates EBI following SAH possibly via the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome and Nox2-related oxidative stress.

Pterostilbene Attenuates Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Nox2-Related Oxidative Stress

Resveratrol – A comprehensive review of recent advances in anticancer drug design and development

Understanding the mode of action of a pterostilbene derivative as anti-inflammatory agent

Pterostilbene carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, a resveratrol derivative inhibits 17β-Estradiol induced cell migration and proliferation in HUVECs

3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid catalyzed synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated O- and S-glycosides and tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols

A simple procedure for tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols in dichloromethane and their depyranylation in methanol in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid at ambient temperature is described. This methodology is useful for substrates having functionalities such as ester, amide, nitro, aldehyde and olefinic bonds. Trifluoroacetic acid mediated direct conversion of tetrahydropyranyl ethers into their corresponding acetates is also described.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/13575/1/IJCB%2051%282%29%20356-361.pdf

Srinivasa Rao Palla

Papers

Understanding the mode of action of a pterostilbene derivative as anti-inflammatory agent

Pterostilbene carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, a resveratrol derivative inhibits 17β-Estradiol induced cell migration and proliferation in HUVECs

3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid catalyzed synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated O- and S-glycosides and tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols

Trifluoroacetic acid catalyzed tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols and direct conversion of THP ethers into acetates

Trifluoroacetic Acid Catalyzed Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols and Phenols and Direct Conversion of THP Ethers into Acetates.