Statement of problem Developments in ceramic core materials such as lithium disilicate, aluminum oxide, and zirconium oxide have allowed more widespread application of all-ceramic restorations over the past 10 years. With a plethora of ceramic materials and systems currently available for use, an overview of the scientific literature on the efficacy of this treatment therapy is indicated. Purpose This article reviews the current literature covering all-ceramic materials and systems, with respect to survival, material properties, marginal and internal fit, cementation and bonding, and color and esthetics, and provides clinical recommendations for their use. Material and methods A comprehensive review of the literature was completed seeking evidence for the treatment of teeth with all-ceramic restorations. A search of English language peer-reviewed literature was undertaken using MEDLINE and PubMed with a focus on evidence-based research articles published between 1996 and 2006. A hand search of relevant dental journals was also completed. Randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled studies, longitudinal experimental clinical studies, longitudinal prospective studies, and longitudinal retrospective studies were reviewed. The last search was conducted on June 12, 2007. Data supporting the clinical application of all-ceramic materials and systems was sought. Results The literature demonstrates that multiple all-ceramic materials and systems are currently available for clinical use, and there is not a single universal material or system for all clinical situations. The successful application is dependent upon the clinician to match the materials, manufacturing techniques, and cementation or bonding procedures, with the individual clinical situation. Conclusions Within the scope of this systematic review, there is no evidence to support the universal application of a single ceramic material and system for all clinical situations. Additional longitudinal clinical studies are required to advance the development of ceramic materials and systems.

Current ceramic materials and systems with clinical recommendations: A systematic review

Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement

Objectives: The objective of this systematic review was to assess the 5-year survival rates and incidences of complications of all-ceramic fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and to compare them with those of metal‐ceramic FDPs. Methods: An electronic MEDLINE and Dental Global Publication Research System search complemented by manual searching was conducted to identify prospective and retrospective cohort studies on all-ceramic and metal‐ceramic reconstructions with a mean follow-up time of at least 3 years. Patients had to have been examined clinically at the follow-up visit. Assessment of the identified studies and data abstraction was performed independently by three reviewers. Failure rates were analyzed using standard and random-effects Poisson regression models to obtain summary estimates of 5-year survival proportions. Results: The search provided 3473 titles for single crowns and FDPs and resulted in 100

/pdf/a-systematic-review-of-the-survival-and-complication-rates-35kr7ndtcd.pdf

A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of all‐ceramic and metal–ceramic reconstructions after an observation period of at least 3 years. Part II: fixed dental prostheses.

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(10)60668-X.pdf

Regeneration of the articular surface of the rabbit synovial joint by cell homing: a proof of concept study

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/110791/1/All-ceramic%20or%20metal-ceramic%20tooth-supported_acc.pdf

All-ceramic or metal-ceramic tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)? A systematic review of the survival and complication rates. Part I: Single crowns (SCs)

Durability of the resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic after using different surface conditioning methods.

PURPOSE Microbial leakage and colonization between implants and their abutments may cause inflammatory reactions in the peri-implant tissues. This study evaluated microbial leakage at the implant-abutment interface with a new in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial leakage was tested during dynamic loading in a 2-axis chewing simulator. The authors theorized that dynamic loading would decrease the stability of the implant-abutment connections and thereby lead to bacterial penetration along the gap. Five different implant systems with 8 standard implant-abutment combinations for single molar crowns were tested. The internal aspects of the implants were inoculated with a bacterial suspension and connected to the superstructure with the recommended torque. The specimens were immersed in a nutrient solution and loaded with 1,200,000 cycles of 120 N in the chewing simulator. RESULTS Statistically significant differences (P < or = .05) between implant systems with respect to number of chewing cycles until bacterial penetration were found. DISCUSSION The degree of penetration in a specific implant system presumably is a multifactorial condition dependent on the precision of fit between the implant and the abutment, the degree of micromovement between the components, and the torque forces used to connect them. CONCLUSION It was concluded that the newly developed test model is a sensitive tool for the detection of differences between current implant systems with respect to their ability to prevent bacterial penetration at the implant-abutment interface under dynamic loading conditions.

In vitro evaluation of bacterial leakage along the implant-abutment interface of different implant systems

Man as living bioreactor: fate of an exogenously prepared customized tissue-engineered mandible.

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of anterior and posterior crowns made of a lithium-disilicate glass–ceramic framework material (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent). A total of 104 single crowns were placed in 41 patients (mean age, 34 ± 9.6 years; 15 male, 26 female). Eighty-two anterior and 22 posterior crowns were inserted. All teeth received a 1-mm-wide chamfer or rounded shoulder preparation with an occlusal/incisal reduction of 1.5–2.0 mm. The minimum framework thickness was 0.8 mm. Frameworks were laminated by a prototype of a veneering material combined with an experimental glaze. Considering the individual abutment preconditions, the examined crowns were either adhesively luted (69.2 %) or inserted with glass–ionomer cement (30.8 %). Follow-up appointments were performed 6 months after insertion, then annually. Replacement of a restoration was defined as failure. Four patients (10 crowns) were defined as dropouts. For the remaining 94 crowns, the mean observation time was 79.5 months (range, 34–109.7 months). The cumulative survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier was 97.4 % after 5 years and 94.8 % after 8 years. Applying log rank test, it was shown that the location of the crown did not significantly have an impact on the survival rate (p = 0.74) and that the cementation mode did not significantly influence the occurrence of complications (p = 0.17). The application of lithium-disilicate framework material for single crowns seems to be a reliable treatment option. Crowns made of a lithium-disilicate framework material can be used clinically in the anterior and posterior region irrespective of an adhesive or conventional cementation when considering abutment preconditions.

Clinical results of lithium-disilicate crowns after up to 9 years of service.

Purpose: Various ceramic implant systems made of yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) have become commercially available in recent years. A systematic search of the literature was performed to assess the clinical success of dental Y-TZP implants and whether the osseointegration of Y-TZP is comparable to that of titanium, the standard implant material. Materials and Methods: The internet database MEDPILOT was searched cumulatively for the keywords zircon* and dent* and implant as well as for zircon* and osseointegration. The last search was conducted on January 31st, 2007. Subsequently, the reference lists of the relevant publications were searched. Furthermore, a letter was sent to the 5 identified manufacturers of zirconia dental implants to ask for peer-reviewed publications. Results: Ninety-six articles were found by the search strategy. No controlled clinical studies in humans regarding clinical outcomes or osseointegration could be identified. Clinical data were restricted to case studies and case series. Only 7 animal studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Osseointegration was evaluated at 4 weeks to 24 months after placement in different animal models and sites and under different loading conditions. The mean bone-implant contact percentage was above 60% in almost all experimental groups. In studies that used titanium implants as a control, Y-TZP implants were comparable to or even better than titanium implants. Surface modifications may further improve initial bone healing and resistance to removal torque. Conclusions: Y-TZP implants may have the potential to become an alternative to titanium implants but cannot currently be recommended for routine clinical use, as no long-term clinical data are available. Int J Prosthodont 2008;21:27‐36.

Stefan Wolfart

Papers

Durability of the resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic after using different surface conditioning methods.

In vitro evaluation of bacterial leakage along the implant-abutment interface of different implant systems

Man as living bioreactor: fate of an exogenously prepared customized tissue-engineered mandible.

Clinical results of lithium-disilicate crowns after up to 9 years of service.

Osseointegration and clinical success of zirconia dental implants: a systematic review.