(2002). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement without Giving in. Quality Management Journal: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 73-74.

Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement without Giving in

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The Role of the Physical Environment in the Hospital of the 21 st Century: A Once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity

Each stage in the life cycle of coal-extraction, transport, processing, and combustion-generates a waste stream and carries multiple hazards for health and the environment. These costs are external to the coal industry and are thus often considered "externalities." We estimate that the life cycle effects of coal and the waste stream generated are costing the U.S. public a third to over one-half of a trillion dollars annually. Many of these so-called externalities are, moreover, cumulative. Accounting for the damages conservatively doubles to triples the price of electricity from coal per kWh generated, making wind, solar, and other forms of nonfossil fuel power generation, along with investments in efficiency and electricity conservation methods, economically competitive. We focus on Appalachia, though coal is mined in other regions of the United States and is burned throughout the world.

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Full cost accounting for the life cycle of coal.

Bereavement: Studies of Grief in Adult Life

MOST practical applications of liquid crystals require control of molecular alignment at macroscopic scales1. This is achieved most simply by confining the liquid-crystalline phase between mechanically rubbed surfaces1. Recent developments2–11 have shown that liquid-crystal alignment can also be controlled by optical means: for example, if azo dyes either on the alignment surface2,3,5,8–11 or dispersed within the liquid crystal itself4,6,7 are oriented by illumination with polarized light, alignment can be induced in the liquid crystal. We show here that the high-resolution alignment patterns obtainable by such techniques may be 'frozen in' by subsequent photopolymerization of the optically patterned liquid-crystalline phase. The resulting polymer films might prove valuable in the development of high-density optical storage media, three-dimensional stereo displays and other optical devices.

Patterned optical properties in photopolymerized surface-aligned liquid-crystal films

This publication (excluding the logo) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium provided that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright with the title and source of the publication specified.

/pdf/a-review-of-published-research-on-low-frequency-noise-and-1ohbz9hvvn.pdf

A Review of Published Research on Low Frequency Noise and its Effects

Effects on performance and work quality due to low frequency ventilation noise

To study the possible interference of low frequency noise on performance and annoyance, subjects categorised as having a high- or low sensitivity to noise in general and low frequency noise in particular worked with different performance tasks in a noise environment with predominantly low frequency content or flat frequency content (reference noise), both at a level of 40 dBA. The effects were evaluated in terms of changes in performance and subjective reactions. The results showed that there was a larger improvement of response time over time, during work with a verbal grammatical reasoning task in the reference noise, as compared to the low frequency noise condition. The results further indicated that low frequency noise interfered with a proof-reading task by lowering the number of marks made per line read. The subjects reported a higher degree of annoyance and impaired working capacity when working under conditions of low frequency noise. The effects were more pronounced for subjects rated as high-sensitive to low frequency noise, while partly different results were obtained for subjects rated as high-sensitive to noise in general. The results suggest that the quality of work performance and perceived annoyance may be influenced by a continuous exposure to low frequency noise at commonly occurring noise levels. Subjects categorised as high-sensitive to low frequency noise may be at highest risk.

/pdf/low-frequency-noise-pollution-interferes-with-performance-wn5qdnte3y.pdf

Low frequency noise "pollution" interferes with performance

This book presents a self-contained treatment of the principles, techniques and applications of optical holography, with particular emphasis on recent developments. The first part deals with the theory of holographic imaging, the characteristics of the reconstructed image and the different types of holograms. The next section covers the practical aspects of holography - optical systems, light sources and recording media - as well as the production of holograms for display, colour holography and computer-generated holograms. Finally, there is a detailed description of the most important applications of holography. These include particle-size analysis, high-resolution imaging, holographic optical elements and information storage and processing, as well as holographic interferometry and its use in stress analysis, vibration studies and contouring.

Optical Holography: Principles, Techniques and Applications

A small group (n=9), whose complaints of low frequency noise had not been resolved by Environmental Health Officers and related care professionals, were invited to attend a series of intervention sessions led by a psychotherapist. The aims of the sessions were to improve the participants' coping strategies and their quality of life, in order to relieve them from some of the distress caused by their belief that they were exposed to low frequency noise. Prior to the psychotherapy sessions the group was evaluated on a number of self report questionnaires, which measured individual responses for reaction to low frequency noise, quality of life, quality of coping and a personality questionnaire (Insights Discovery Preference Evaluator). A before and after, within group analysis of responses was based upon repeat measures of the three behavioural response questionnaires for noise reactivity, quality of life and coping. A general reduction in the subjects' stress levels was shown, suggesting positive effects of ...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1260/026309208784425460

Stephen Benton

Papers

A Review of Published Research on Low Frequency Noise and its Effects

Effects on performance and work quality due to low frequency ventilation noise

Low frequency noise "pollution" interferes with performance

Optical Holography: Principles, Techniques and Applications

Coping Strategies for Low Frequency Noise