In situ-forming hydrogels--review of temperature-sensitive systems.

Most numerical integration techniques consist of approximating the integrand by a polynomial in a region or regions and then integrating the polynomial exactly. Often a complicated integrand can be factored into a non-negative ''weight'' function and another function better approximated by a polynomial, thus $\int_{a}^{b} g(t)dt = \int_{a}^{b} \omega (t)f(t)dt \approx \sum_{i=1}^{N} w_i f(t_i)$. Hopefully, the quadrature rule ${\{w_j, t_j\}}_{j=1}^{N}$ corresponding to the weight function $\omega$(t) is available in tabulated form, but more likely it is not. We present here two algorithms for generating the Gaussian quadrature rule defined by the weight function when: a) the three term recurrence relation is known for the orthogonal polynomials generated by $\omega$(t), and b) the moments of the weight function are known or can be calculated.

Calculation of Gauss quadrature rules.

Polysaccharide hydrogels for modified release formulations.

Smart polymeric gels : Redefining the limits of biomedical devices

We consider the numerical calculation of several matrix eigenvalue problems which require some manipulation before the standard algorithms may be used. This includes finding the stationary values of a quadratic form subject to linear constraints and determining the eigenvalues of a matrix which is modified by a matrix of rank one. We also consider several inverse eigenvalue problems. This includes the problem of determining the coefficients for the Gauss–Radau and Gauss–Lobatto quadrature rules. In addition, we study several eigenvalue problems which arise in least squares.

Some modified matrix eigenvalue problems.

Thermally reversible xyloglucan gels as vehicles for oral drug delivery

A novel approach, “micro-optics”, is proposed to realize coupling/branching in fiber-optic communications. The operation is based on the beam transformation in a graded index rod (beam undulation and beam size change), in association with reflection or refraction at a graded index rod facet. Small-size couplers/dividers have been devised by inserting a semitransparent mirror between the facets of two graded index rods with a length of a quarter of the undulation period. Their best features are small size, simple structure, low insertion loss, and wide application areas. An excess insertion loss as low as 0.5 dB has been realized in a 3-dB divider with SELFOC® rods. As further applications of them, wavelength division multiplexers/demultiplexers have been developed by replacing the semitransparent mirror with a dielectric interference filter. An insertion loss of as low as 1.2 dB and isolation of more than 20 dB for wavelength separation of 20 nm have been realized. Results are also shown on the o...

Micro-optic devices for fiber-optic communications

GNSS Regressive Models and Precise Point Positioning

This paper demonstrates the 32-Mb chain ferroelectric RAM (chain FeRAM) with 0.2-/spl mu/m three-metal CMOS technology. A small die size of 96 mm/sup 2/ and a high cell/chip area efficiency of 65.6% are realized not only by the small cell size using capacitor-on-plug technology but also by two key techniques that utilize the three-metal process: 1) a compact memory cell block structure that eliminates plateline area and reduces block selector area and 2) the segment/stitch array architecture which reduces the area of row decoders and plate drivers. As a result, the average cell size shrinks to 1.875 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, which is smaller than a 0.13-/spl mu/m SRAM cell, and the chip size is reduced to 70% of the chain FeRAM of conventional configuration with two-metal process. Moreover, a power-on/off sequence suitable to the chain FeRAM is introduced to protect the memory cell data from the startup noise. Compatibility with low-power SRAM is a key issue for mobile applications. The low-standby-current bias generator is introduced and the standby current of the chip is suppressed to 3 /spl mu/A. The modified address access mode is also adopted to eliminate the need of intentional address transition after the startup of the chip. The chip enable access time was 50 ns and cycle time was 75 ns at 3.0-V V/sub dd/.

A 32-Mb chain FeRAM with segment/stitch array architecture

Kinematic Global Positioning System (GPS) is a positioning method that uses carrier phase data to output a highly precise position. In kinematic GPS, the position accuracy might be degraded significantly by a cycle slip, i.e., a sudden jump in the carrier phase observation by an integer number of cycles. Methods for detecting a cycle slip include a method that uses statistical tests of carrier phase innovations. This method has the merit that the noise of the innovation is small and does not affect the detection performance; however, it has the disadvantage that the movement of the land vehicle degrades the detection performance and causes either undetection and mis-detection. In this study, a dynamic model that includes jerk (i.e., the rate of change of acceleration) is proposed, and based on this model, a cycle slip detection method that corresponds to the movement of a land vehicle is then developed. This method precisely predicts the position of a land vehicle, even when it accelerates and decelerates, and improves the performance of the cycle slip detection. Moreover, the performance of this method is experimentally evaluated using observation data collected with a car.

Sueo Sugimoto

Papers

Thermally reversible xyloglucan gels as vehicles for oral drug delivery

Micro-optic devices for fiber-optic communications

GNSS Regressive Models and Precise Point Positioning

A 32-Mb chain FeRAM with segment/stitch array architecture

Cycle Slip Detection in Kinematic GPS with a Jerk Model for Land Vehicles