다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Prospective Cohort Study

Allergic rhinitis is a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced after allergen exposure by an IgE-mediated inflammation of the membranes lining the nose. It is a global health problem that causes major illness and disability worldwide. Over 600 million patients from all countries, all ethnic groups and of all ages suffer from allergic rhinitis. It affects social life, sleep, school and work and its economic impact is substantial. Risk factors for allergic rhinitis are well identified. Indoor and outdoor allergens as well as occupational agents cause rhinitis and other allergic diseases. The role of indoor and outdoor pollution is probably very important, but has yet to be fully understood both for the occurrence of the disease and its manifestations.

In 1999, during the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) WHO workshop, the expert panel proposed a new classification for allergic rhinitis which was subdivided into 'intermittent' or 'persistent' disease.

This classification is now validated. The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is often quite easy, but in some cases it may cause problems and many patients are still under-diagnosed, often because they do not perceive the symptoms of rhinitis as a disease impairing their social life, school and work.

The management of allergic rhinitis is well established and the ARIA expert panel based its recommendations on evidence using an extensive review of the literature available up to December 1999. The statements of evidence for the development of these guidelines followed WHO rules and were based on those of Shekelle et al. A large number of papers have been published since 2000 and are extensively reviewed in the 2008 Update using the same evidence-based system. Recommendations for the management of allergic rhinitis are similar in both the ARIA workshop report and the 2008 Update. In the future, the GRADE approach will be used, but is not yet available.

Another important aspect of the ARIA guidelines was to consider co-morbidities. Both allergic rhinitis and asthma are systemic inflammatory conditions and often co-exist in the same patients. In the 2008 Update, these links have been confirmed.

The ARIA document is not intended to be a standard-of-care document for individual countries. It is provided as a basis for physicians, health care professionals and organizations involved in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma in various countries to facilitate the development of relevant local standard-of-care documents for patients.

/pdf/allergic-rhinitis-and-its-impact-on-asthma-aria-2008-update-13eqfzaw4u.pdf

Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen)

Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), endovascular infections, pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, foreign-body infections, and sepsis. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were once confined largely to hospitals, other health care environments, and patients frequenting these facilities. Since the mid-1990s, however, there has been an explosion in the number of MRSA infections reported in populations lacking risk factors for exposure to the health care system. This increase in the incidence of MRSA infection has been associated with the recognition of new MRSA clones known as community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). CA-MRSA strains differ from the older, health care-associated MRSA strains; they infect a different group of patients, they cause different clinical syndromes, they differ in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, they spread rapidly among healthy people in the community, and they frequently cause infections in health care environments as well. This review details what is known about the epidemiology of CA-MRSA strains and the clinical spectrum of infectious syndromes associated with them that ranges from a commensal state to severe, overwhelming infection. It also addresses the therapy of these infections and strategies for their prevention.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology and clinical consequences of an emerging epidemic.

Background: Allergic rhinitis represents a global health problem affecting 10% to 20% of the population. The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines have been widely used to treat the approximately 500 million affected patients globally. Objective: To develop explicit, unambiguous, and transparent clinical recommendations systematically for treatment of allergic rhinitis on the basis of current best evidence. Methods: The authors updated ARIA clinical recommendations in collaboration with Global Allergy and Asthma European Network following the approach suggested by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group. Results: This article presents recommendations about the prevention of allergic diseases, the use of oral and topical medications, allergen specific immunotherapy, and complementary treatments in patients with allergic rhinitis as well as patients with both allergic rhinitis and asthma. The guideline panel developed evidence profiles for each recommendation and considered health benefits and harms, burden, patient preferences, and resource use, when appropriate, to formulate recommendations for patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals. Conclusion: These are the most recent and currently the most systematically and transparently developed recommendations about the treatment of allergic rhinitis in adults and children. Patients, clinicians, and policy makers are encouraged to use these recommendations in their daily practice and to support their decisions.

/pdf/allergic-rhinitis-and-its-impact-on-asthma-aria-guidelines-3pawic20n9.pdf

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines: 2010 Revision

Background 
Inhibition and eradication of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms with conventional antibiotic is difficult, and the treatment is further complicated by the rise of antibiotic resistance among staphylococci. Consequently, there is a need for novel antimicrobials that can treat biofilm-related infections and decrease antibiotics burden. Natural compounds such as eugenol with anti-microbial properties are attractive agents that could reduce the use of conventional antibiotics. In this study we evaluated the effect of eugenol on MRSA and MSSA biofilms in vitro and bacterial colonization in vivo.


Methods and Results 
Effect of eugenol on in vitro biofilm and in vivo colonization were studied using microtiter plate assay and otitis media-rat model respectively. The architecture of in vitro biofilms and in vivo colonization of bacteria was viewed with SEM. Real-time RT-PCR was used to study gene expression. Check board method was used to study the synergistic effects of eugenol and carvacrol on established biofilms. Eugenol significantly inhibited biofilms growth of MRSA and MSSA in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Eugenol at MIC or 2×MIC effectively eradicated the pre-established biofilms of MRSA and MSSA clinical strains. In vivo, sub-MIC of eugenol significantly decreased 88% S. aureus colonization in rat middle ear. Eugenol was observed to damage the cell-membrane and cause a leakage of the cell contents. At sub-inhibitory concentration, it decreases the expression of biofilm-and enterotoxin-related genes. Eugenol showed a synergistic effect with carvacrol on the eradication of pre-established biofilms.


Conclusion/Major Finding 
This study demonstrated that eugenol exhibits notable activity against MRSA and MSSA clinical strains biofilms. Eugenol inhibited biofilm formation, disrupted the cell-to-cell connections, detached the existing biofilms, and killed the bacteria in biofilms of both MRSA and MSSA with equal effectiveness. Therefore, eugenol may be used to control or eradicate S. aureus biofilm-related infections.

/pdf/eugenol-a-phyto-compound-effective-against-methicillin-5gs1o5zvg8.pdf

Eugenol: a phyto-compound effective against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain biofilms.

Clinical Analysis of Voice Change as a Parameter of Premenstrual Syndrome

Nasolabial cysts are rare but easily identifiable when they do occur. They are thought to arise from the remnants of the nasolacrimal ducts, but most of the available information on these cysts is limited to isolated case reports. The purpose of our study was to examine the clinical and pathologic features of nasolabial cysts in order to provide a basis for their correct diagnosis and treatment. Eighteen patients with nasolabial cysts were treated at Korea University's Guro Hospital between Jan. 1, 1988, and Dec. 31, 1999. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical appearance, pathologic findings, and treatment results in each case. All patients underwent surgery via the sublabial approach. The lining epithelia were identified as either pseudostratified, stratified squamous, or simple cuboidal. A cyst recurred in only one case, and there were no surgical complications on follow-up. The results of our study provide a basis for sound diagnosis and treatment.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014556130208100212

Nasolabial cyst: a retrospective analysis of 18 cases.

Endoscopic removal of an intranasal ectopic tooth

Metformin, an antidiabetic drug with potent anticancer activity, is known to prevent oxidative stress-induced cell death in several cell types through a mechanism dependent on the mitochondria. In the present study, we investigated the influence of metformin on cisplatin ototoxicity in an auditory cell line. Cell viability was determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) cell proliferation assay. Oxidative stress and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry analysis, Hoechst 33258 staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and western blotting. Intracellular calcium concentration changes were detected using calcium imaging. Pretreatment with 1 mM metformin prior to the application of 20 μM cisplatin significantly decreased the frequency of late apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells and also significantly attenuated the cisplatin-induced increase in ROS. In addition, metformin inhibited the activation of caspase-3 and levels of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment with metformin prevented the cisplatin-induced elevation in intracellular calcium concentrations. We propose that metformin protects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by inhibiting the increase in intracellular calcium levels, preventing apoptosis, and limiting ROS production.

/pdf/protective-effect-of-metformin-against-cisplatin-induced-2gx7rb9iyh.pdf

Sung Won Chae

Papers

Eugenol: a phyto-compound effective against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain biofilms.

Clinical Analysis of Voice Change as a Parameter of Premenstrual Syndrome

Nasolabial cyst: a retrospective analysis of 18 cases.

Endoscopic removal of an intranasal ectopic tooth

Protective effect of metformin against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in an auditory cell line.