Showing papers by "Sverre E. Kjeldsen published in 1993"
TL;DR: Three groups of 19-year-old men, all unaware of their blood pressure status, are studied with intra-arterial blood pressure recordings and multiple measurements of arterial plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine during a mental arithmetic challenge and cold pressor test, with group-99 being hyperreactive compared with the other two groups.
Abstract: We have previously demonstrated that awareness of high blood pressure may increase blood pressure, plasma catecholamine levels, and stress responses. In the present study, three groups of 19-year-old men, all unaware of their blood pressure status, were selected from the first (group-1, 62 +/- 2 mm Hg, [mean +/- SEM], n = 15), 50th (group-50, 90 +/- 4 mm Hg, n = 15), and 99th (group-99, 123 +/- 5 mm Hg, n = 14) percentiles in causal mean blood pressure at a screening. They were studied (blinded examiners) with intra-arterial blood pressure recordings and multiple measurements of arterial plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine during a mental arithmetic challenge and cold pressor test. Despite high mean blood pressure at the screening, group-99 did not differ from group-50 either in intra-arterial mean blood pressure after 30 minutes of supine rest (89 +/- 3 versus 86 +/- 2 mm Hg) or in serum lipids and resting plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine. However, in group-99 resting plasma epinephrine showed a positive hyperbolic relation to resting diastolic blood pressure (r = .73, P = .004) and a negative hyperbolic relation to the ratio of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol (r = -.75, P = .002). None of these correlations were present in the two other groups. Furthermore, the three groups differed in heart rate responses (P < .0005) and systolic (P < .0005) and diastolic (P < .05) blood pressure responses to mental arithmetic challenge, group-99 being hyperreactive compared with the other two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
65 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that progesterone may have a direct action by increasing the uptake of noradrenaline from the synaptic cleft or by decreasing the nerve firing rate.
Abstract: There is scant information on the effects of progesterone on circulation. Changes in catecholamine levels, blood pressure and transcapillary fluid balance were measured in 12 men before and during administration of natural progesterone (Utrogestan). Before administration, systolic blood pressure was significantly correlated with venous adrenaline (r = 0.67, p = 0.01). There was a significant decrease (p = 0.004) in venous noradrenaline during progesterone administration, and systolic blood pressure was significantly correlated with the arteriovenous difference for noradrenaline (r = 0.66, p = 0.02). Serum progesterone, which attained levels similar to those found in women during the luteal phase, did not significantly alter blood pressure, body weight or intra- to extravascular fluid shift. It is concluded that progesterone may have a direct action by increasing the uptake of noradrenaline from the synaptic cleft or by decreasing the nerve firing rate. Interestingly, the pretreatment finding of a significant correlation between blood pressure and adrenaline was less evident during progesterone administration.
26 citations
TL;DR: Subject self-measured home BP is a reliable method of estimating blood pressure level in young men by using intra-arterial measurement as standard of comparison, according to the results of a evaluation of this technique.
Abstract: Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring is useful in the clinical management of patients with hypertension and the identification of those with “white-coat” hypertension; i.e. high readings in the clinic but normal BP at home. In the process of evaluating this technique, we compared self-measured home BP with intra-arterial BP. Healthy white men (n = 40) of 20–40 years of age and body weight below 95 kg were recruited by advertising in the local newspaper. Following a standardized procedure, performed within 2–4 weeks of a response to the advertisement, BP was measured by a physician at a clinic screening, by the subject at home (14 readings in 7 days) and finally in the clinic concomitantly intra-arterially and oscillometrically. The correlation coefficient for mean (M) home BP (r = 0.73) and oscillometric BP (r = 0.74) against intra-arterial BP were slightly higher than for screening BP (r = 0.65). However, in plots of the differences for individual MBP between the methods against the average of the methods...
21 citations
TL;DR: In the present study an intravenous infusion of 0.01 micrograms/kg/min epinephrine for 10 min in healthy men has, despite its ability to increase sympathetic drive, a regional vasodilating effect in the human forearm.
16 citations
TL;DR: Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) concentration, reflecting platelet function in vivo, was compared in fertile women with untreated essential hypertension and age-matched normotensives, in two separate studies and seemed to be normal in fertile hypertensive women.
Abstract: Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) concentration, reflecting platelet function in vivo, was compared in fertile women with untreated essential hypertension and age-matched normotensives, in two separate studies. In the first study, hypertensives and normotensives were aware of their blood pressure status. Blood was sampled through arterial and venous indwelling catheters, and no difference in beta-TG was found between the groups. Arterial beta-TG was significantly lower than venous concentration (p < or = 0.05). Cold pressor test increased arterial beta-TG significantly in both groups (p < 0.05). In the second study, both women and investigator were unaware of blood pressure status, and beta-TG concentration, platelet count, and mean platelet volume obtained by venipunctures were similar in the hypertensive and normotensive group. Thus, platelet function in vivo seems to be normal in fertile hypertensive women, in contrast to the platelet dysfunction previously reported in hypertensive men. In women, as in men, platelet release occurred during venous catheter blood sampling and during cold pressor test. However, at variance from men, platelet function was not influenced by awareness of blood pressure status in the hypertensive females.
14 citations
TL;DR: A group of 41‐year‐old hypertensive men and women who had never received treatment for their condition were compared with hypertensive women of the same age, finding that women with BMI above 25 kg m−2 had significantly lower arterial plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline than those with BMI below 25 kgm−2.
Abstract: A group of 41-year-old hypertensive men (n=35, blood pressure (BP) 149.9±2.1/98.9±1.1 mmHg, mean ± SEM) who had never received treatment for their condition were compared with hypertensive women of the same age (n=18, BP 155.9±4.3/98,1±1.6 mmHg) with comparable body mass index (BMI, 25.9±0.5 vs. 24.9±4.5 kg m -2 ) who, also, had never received treatment. The lipid profile was more atherogenic in the men, with (ower HDL cholesterol (1.21±0.04 vs. 1.38±0.06 mmol l -1 , P=0.04), higher total cholesterol (6.04±0.14 vs. 5.54±0.18 mmol l -1 , P=0.04) and triglycerides (1.80±0.16 vs. 0.96±0.10 mmol l -1 , P<0.001)
11 citations
TL;DR: A positive correlation was observed between systolic blood pressure and arterial adrenaline and the arterial-venous difference for adrenaline, and adrenaline seems to be more important for blood pressure control in this particular setting.
Abstract: Effects of ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization on blood pressure and plasma catecholamine levels were studied in 10 women. The examinations were carried out before hormonal treatment with human menopausal gonadotropin (day three of the menstrual cycle, mean serum oestradiol concentration 0.2nmoll−1, and on the day after ovulation induction with human chorionic gonadotropin (cycle days 10–12, mean serum oestradiol concentration 7.4nmoll−1). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mean±SD) decreased 6.7±8.6mmHg, p = 0.049, and 5.3±4.7mmHg, p = 0.009, respectively), and venous plasma noradrenaline increased (42±44pgml−1, p = 0.02) during ovarian stimulation. No significant change was observed in either arterial noradrenaline, arterial adrenaline or venous adrenaline. After stimulation a positive correlation was observed between systolic blood pressure and arterial adrenaline (r = 0.73, p = 0.027), and between systolic blood pressure and the arterial-venous difference for adrenaline (r = 0.81, p = ...
7 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: "White-coat" hypertension, i.e. high readings in the clinic but normal readings at home, has been demonstrated in 21-58% of hypertensive subjects without end-organ injury, which should therefore be used as a supplement to monitoring by the physician.
Abstract: "White-coat" hypertension, i.e. high readings in the clinic but normal readings at home, has been demonstrated in 21-58% of hypertensive subjects without end-organ injury. The condition can be diagnosed by means of home blood pressure monitoring, which should therefore be used as a supplement to monitoring by the physician. Owing to the low blood pressure readings at home, these patients should not be treated with drugs. In the event of anti-hypertensive treatment, home blood pressure monitoring is useful in helping to decide the minimum required dose, thus reducing risk of side effects, and in monitoring the response to therapy. White coat hypertension is associated with overweight, lipid abnormalities and high fasting insulin. Owing to the high risk of developing sustained hypertension, the patients' blood pressure must be measured regularly both at the clinic and at home.
1 citations