T.M. Florence

TL;DR: The mechanism of toxicity of ionic copper and copper complexes to growth, photosynthesis, respiration, ATP levels and mitochondrial electron-transport chain-activity in two marine diatoms, Nitzschia closterium and Asterionella glacialis Castracane, was investigated and copper-ethylxanthogenate was exceptional amongst the copper complexes.

TL;DR: The toxicity of many redox-active compounds and their copper complexes appears to be due, at least partly, to the intracellular generation of hydrogen peroxide during oxidation of these compounds, an effect exacerbated by the ability of copper to inhibit catalase.

TL;DR: A rapid ion exchange method, suitable for field use, is proposed for the determination of the toxic fraction of copper in waters, and a simple anodic stripping voltammetric method is recommended for the measurement of the fraction of electroactive metal in a sample.

TL;DR: By using this method, the natural levels of platinum in human blood were found to be in the range 0.1-2.8 micrograms/L (median = 0.6 microgramS/L).

TL;DR: It is suggested that increased ATP production may provide the energy required for increased glutathione synthesis at the expense of other energy-requiring processes including cell division.