THE NEED FOR QUALITY The first thing that we need to consider, in any organization, is that quality is the most important thing. The quality of your work defines you.  Whoever you are,  Whatever you do,  I can find the same products and services cheaper somewhere else. But your quality is your signature. Developing and delivering high quality products and services means that you are doing things correctly from the beginning. As a consequence, you are reducing the need for additional services, from verification to warranty.

Total quality management.

Value Maximization, Stakeholder Theory, and the Corporate Objective Function

Corporate Governance, Board Diversity, and Firm Value

This paper provides, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first meta‐analysis of evidence about the influence of the corporate governance on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure, in a setting where the disclosure of information is voluntary but not discretionary. We apply meta‐analysis to a sample of 24 empirical studies to clarify the relationship of board size, board independence, women on board, number of board meeting, CEO duality, and company ownership with ESG disclosure. Our results show that board independence, board size, and women directorship visibly enhance ESG voluntary disclosure; board ownership and CEO duality do not improve the level of ESG disclosure; and some hesitations remain in respect of the number of board meetings and institutional and family ownership. The paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the corporate governance mechanisms that lead to more ESG disclosure and highlight the need of new approach on these issues.

Corporate governance and environmental social governance disclosure: A meta‐analytical review

Purpose




This paper aims to investigate whether there is any change in corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in Pakistani companies after the introduction of CSR voluntary guidelines in 2013 by Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and determine the effect of corporate governance (CG) elements on CSR disclosure.




Design/methodology/approach




Content analysis was applied to measure CSR disclosure from annual and sustainability reports of 50 companies from eight different sectors from 2010 to 2014. Paired-samples t-test was applied to examine the difference in CSR disclosure. Regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between CG elements and CSR disclosure.




Findings




Paired-samples t-test shows an increase in the extent of CSR disclosure after the introduction of CSR voluntary guidelines in 2013. The one-way ANOVA test reveals that the extent of CSR disclosure is different across various sectors. Multiple regression results prove that independent directors, women directors and board size positively affect the extent of CSR disclosure.




Practical implications




SECP should enforce medium-sized firms to start producing CSR reports. Voluntary guidelines of 2013 moderately improved CSR reporting. Therefore, enforcement of the SECP rule of independent directors may enhance the extent of CSR disclosure.




Originality/value




This study is the first to examine the effect of CSR voluntary guidelines issued by SECP in 2013 and CG elements on CSR disclosure in Pakistan.

Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure: evidence from Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of corporate governance (CG) elements on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. The annual reports of companies for the year 2007–2011 are examined to analyze the relationship between CG and CSR reporting. It considers the elements of CG such as board size, independent directors, foreign nationalities and women representation in the board, ownership concentration, institutional ownership, firm size and profitability. The multiple regression technique is used to measure the impact of CG elements on companies’ CSR reporting. The results of the study demonstrate that overall CSR reporting by Pakistani companies are rather moderate however, the assortments of CSR items are really impressive. The study found positive and significant impact from board size, institutions ownership, ownership concentration and firm size on CSR reporting. The results also display contrary relationships between the women and foreign director’s representation in the board and CSR reporting. This study suggests that organizations should audit their CG activities related to CSR in order to prove themselves good corporate citizens to all stakeholders.

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/3/4/530/pdf

The Effect of Corporate Governance Elements on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure: An Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies at KSE Pakistan

Water Stable Graphene Oxide Metal-Organic Frameworks Composite (ZIF-67@GO) For Efficient Removal of Malachite Green From Water.

Purpose – The objective of the study is to examine empirically the impact of Cash conversion cycle on the performance of Pakistani manufacturing firms. Design/methodology/approach – The study used the sample of 32 companies selected randomly from three manufacturing sectors i.e. chemical, automobiles and construction & material for the period of five years ranging from 2006 to 2010. The correlation and regression analyses were used to examine the relationship of CCC with performance of the firms: Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Operating Profit (EBIT). Findings – The study examined the impact of different variables of cash conversion cycle on firm’s performance. The study found that the average collection period of accounts receivables, inventory conversion period and Cash conversion cycle (CCC) have negative relationship with firm’s performance. Originality/value–Many of the studies on working capital management (WCM) are with reference to developed economies like USA but fewer are with reference to developing economies like Pakistan. This study will contribute to the literature by analyzing the impact of working capital management on the performance of manufacturing firm by validating the results of previous studies stated in the literature.

/pdf/the-relationship-of-cash-conversion-cycle-and-profitability-2yy7hw5ivt.pdf

The Relationship of Cash Conversion Cycle and Profitability of Firms: An Empirical Investigation of Pakistani Firms

The main objective of this study is to identify the factors affecting the job satisfaction of employees of banking industry at Bahawalpur and to analyze the impact of recruitment & selection procedures, organizational policy & strategy, nature of work, job stress, personality and communication on job satisfaction of employees of banking industry. For data collection purpose, a questionnaire on 4-point likert scale was developed and personally distributed among employees of banks but received only 186 which indicate 79% response of the respondents. Linear regression and correlation applied for analyzing the data and results found that recruitment & selection procedures, organizational policy & strategy, nature of work, job stress, personality and communication are significantly related to job satisfaction. The results further indicate that job stress, communication and personality have a significant but weak impact on job satisfaction whereas recruitment & selection procedures, organizational policy & strategy and nature of work have a significant and strong impact on employee job satisfaction.

Tariq Aziz

Papers

The Effect of Corporate Governance Elements on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure: An Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies at KSE Pakistan

Water Stable Graphene Oxide Metal-Organic Frameworks Composite (ZIF-67@GO) For Efficient Removal of Malachite Green From Water.

The Relationship of Cash Conversion Cycle and Profitability of Firms: An Empirical Investigation of Pakistani Firms

Determinants of Job Satisfaction among Employees of Banking Industry at Bahawalpur

Metal Organic Framework (KIUB-MOF-1) as efficient adsorbent for cationic and anionic dyes from brackish water