Can by-products replace conventional ingredients in concentrate of dairy goat diet?

Supplementation of the diet of dairy cows with trehalose results in milk with low lipid peroxide and high antioxidant content.

Agricultural by-products are an important component of livestock feed. In Scotland, distillery by-products are protein rich and traditionally cost competitive feed ingredients in cattle production. However, during recent years, distilleries in the UK (including Scotch whisky producers) have started to use the by-products also as a source of renewable energy, in order to reduce the carbon footprint of alcohol production. In this study, a systems-based material and energy flow analysis was performed to calculate the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of whisky production for two scenarios where distillery by-products were used either (1) as beef cattle feed to replace other protein sources (namely soya bean meal and rapeseed meal); or (2) as anaerobic digester (AD) feedstock in order to generate renewable energy (heat and electricity). System expansion was used to quantitatively handle the by-products in the analysis. The results show that considerable reductions in GHG emissions could be achieved by either replacing feed crops with by-products or by using the by-products in AD plants to generate bio-energy. The biggest reductions in the GHG emissions were achieved when by-products were used to replace soya meal in animal feed. However, the results are highly sensitive to methodological choices, including the accounting method of the land use change emissions arising from soya production.

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Effects of alternative uses of distillery by-products on the greenhouse gas emissions of Scottish malt whisky production: a system expansion approach

This diploma thesis deals with transformation of the cultural landscape in the cadastral areas of Jihlava and Náměšť nad Oslavou. The theoretical part, referring to the cultural landscape of the Czech Republic, is described in depth and in the form of a literature research. Subsequently, the characteristics of the sites are explored, focusing on physical-geographical, historical, demographic, ethnographic and cultural issues, including identification of the specifics and their comparison. In the practical part, transformation of the landscape of both locations is recorded within the last 60 years, using a questionnaire survey, SWOT analysis and aerial photography. The results have proved the transformation of the cultural landscape to be evident, especially an extensive decrease of agricultural land in Jihlava and an increase of other areas in Náměšť nad Oslavou. Both defined hypotheses were confirmed.

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Mendelova univerzita v brně agronomická fakulta

Milk composition and flavor under different feeding systems: a survey of dairy farms.

Six lactating Holstein cows were divided into two groups (n = 3) and used in a double reversal trial with three periods of 14 days each to evaluate the rumen fermentation, milk production and milk composition of cows fed brewer's grain (BG). The control diets contained 14% chopped Sudangrass hay, 24% corn silage, 18% alfalfa hay cube, 34% concentrate mixture-1 and 10% concentrate mixture-2 (wheat bran, soybean meal and cottonseed). In the experimental diet, wet BG replaced the concentrate mixture-2. The protozoal population, concentration of ammonia-N and volatile fatty acids in the ruminal fluid did not differ between the control and BG diets. The molar percentage of acetic acid was significantly higher (P < 0.05) with the BG diet at 5 h after feeding. The milk yield, the percentage of protein, lactose, solids not-fat and somatic cell counts of milk did not differ between the two diets. The percentage of milk fat tended to increase with the BG diet. The BG diet significantly increased the proportions of C18:0 and C18:1 in milk fat (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively) and tended to increase that of conjugated linoleic acid.

Teppei Hirata

Papers

Effect of brewer's grain on rumen fermentation, milk production and milk composition in lactating dairy cows