Thomas Brooke Benjamin

TL;DR: In this article, the stability of the plane free surface is investigated theoretically when the vessel is a vertical cylinder with a horizontal base, and the liquid is an ideal frictionless fluid making a constant angle of contact of 90° with the walls of the vessel.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that wavetrains are unstable to small disturbances of a certain kind, so that in practice they will disintegrate if the attempt is made to send them over great distances.

TL;DR: In this paper, it is suggested that, in addition to the volume flow per unit span Q and the total head R, one may usefully study a third constant S, the rate of flow of horizontal momentum(corrected for pressure force, and divided by the density).

TL;DR: In this paper, a general theory is derived to account for the free motions of a chain of articulated pipes through which there is a constant flow of incompressible fluid, and the Lagrangian method of analysis is used, and a slightly unusual aspect of the method arises in that the complete physical system has unbounded energy.

Abstract: The experiments described here were designed to illustrate general properties examined theoretically in part I, and also to check the theoretical stability conditions that were derived in part I, § 3, for a system having two degrees of freedom. Various assemblies of three articulated pipes were used in the experiments, the first pipe being fixed and the other being free to move in either a vertical or horizontal plane. Both water and air were used as the fluid flowing through the pipes. Three characteristically different forms of instability were observed: buckling when the outlet end was free and when it was simply supported, and amplified oscillations. The observations were in substantial agreement with the theory. The final section of the paper presents a concluding discussion of both parts of this study.