https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/189496/1/dp13183.pdf

Inequality in the impact of the coronavirus shock: Evidence from real time surveys

The impacts of COVID-19 on workers and workplaces across the globe have been dramatic. This broad review of prior research rooted in work and organizational psychology, and related fields, is intended to make sense of the implications for employees, teams, and work organizations. This review and preview of relevant literatures focuses on (a) emergent changes in work practices (e.g., working from home, virtual teamwork) and (b) emergent changes for workers (e.g., social distancing, stress, and unemployment). In addition, potential moderating factors (demographic characteristics, individual differences, and organizational norms) are examined given the likelihood that COVID-19 will generate disparate effects. This broad-scope overview provides an integrative approach for considering the implications of COVID-19 for work, workers, and organizations while also identifying issues for future research and insights to inform solutions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

/pdf/covid-19-and-the-workplace-implications-issues-and-insights-ofbegbw8f5.pdf

COVID-19 and the workplace: Implications, issues, and insights for future research and action.

School and daycare closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic have increased caregiving responsibilities for working parents As a result, many have changed their work hours to meet these growing demands In this study, we use panel data from the US Current Population Survey to examine changes in mothers' and fathers' work hours from February through April, 2020, the period of time prior to the widespread COVID-19 outbreak in the US and through its first peak Using person-level fixed effects models, we find that mothers with young children have reduced their work hours four to five times more than fathers Consequently, the gender gap in work hours has grown by 20 to 50 percent These findings indicate yet another negative consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the challenges it poses to women's work hours and employment

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gwao.12506

COVID-19 and the Gender Gap in Work Hours.

While women were already doing most of the world’s unpaid care work prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging research suggests that the crisis and its subsequent shutdown response have...

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families

This paper brings together evidence from various data sources and the most recent studies to describe what we know so far about the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on inequalities across several key domains of life, including employment and ability to earn, family life and health We show how these new fissures interact with existing inequalities along various key dimensions, including socio-economic status, education, age, gender, ethnicity and geography We find that the deep underlying inequalities and policy challenges that we already had are crucial in understanding the complex impacts of the pandemic itself and our response to it, and that the crisis does in itself have the potential to exacerbate some of these pre-existing inequalities fairly directly Moreover, it seems likely that the current crisis will leave legacies that will impact inequalities in the long term These possibilities are not all disequalising, but many are

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1475-5890.12232

COVID-19 and Inequalities.

In recent US recessions, employment losses have been much larger for men than for women. Yet, in the current recession caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, the opposite is true: unemployment is higher among women. In this paper, we analyze the causes and consequences of this phenomenon. We argue that women have experienced sharp employment losses both because their employment is concentrated in heavily affected sectors such as restaurants, and due to increased childcare needs caused by school and daycare closures, preventing many women from working. We analyze the repercussions of this trend using a quantitative macroeconomic model featuring heterogeneity in gender, marital status, childcare needs, and human capital. Our quantitative analysis suggests that a pandemic recession will i) feature a strong transmission from employment to aggregate demand due to diminished within-household insurance; ii) result in a widening of the gender wage gap throughout the recovery; and iii) contribute to a weakening of the gender norms that currently produce a lopsided distribution of the division of labor in home work and childcare.

This Time It's Different: The Role of Women's Employment in a Pandemic Recession

In recent decades, the correlation between U.S. men's wages and hours worked has reversed: low-wage men used to work the longest hours, whereas today it is men with the highest wages who work the most. This changing correlation accounts for roughly 30 percent of the rise in the variance of male earnings between 1975 and 2015. In this paper, we rationalize these trends in a model of joint household labor supply. Our quantitative model generates similar changes to what is observed in the data as a reaction to shifts in women's education and labor supply, the gender gap, and assortative mating. Our model is consistent with the observations that the changing wage-hours correlation among men is driven by married men, and that there is little change in the wage-hours correlation among employed women and at the household level. The results suggest that taking into account joint household decision making is essential for understanding the dynamics of labor supply.

Trends in Work and Leisure: It's a Family Affair

Countries with high female labor force participation exhibit larger differences in cyclical volatility for men and women. While gender convergence occurs across many dimensions such as employment, occupation, and pay, cyclicality of employment and hours actually diverges. We think of this fact as the result of an active within-family insurance mechanism: men and women sort into jobs with different business cycle risks in order to smooth out their consumption around business cy-cles. We conﬁrm this hypothesis by showing a higher degree of sorting among married people compared to single people. Our quantitative model shows that part of the gender pay gap can be explained by this sorting which helps families to smooth out their income stream by paying an insurance price: lower female earnings. period 1995-2019. We further show that the cross-country fact is primarily

Titan Alon

Papers

This Time It's Different: The Role of Women's Employment in a Pandemic Recession

Trends in Work and Leisure: It's a Family Affair

Family Channel and Cyclical Volatility Across Countries