Estimated number of new cancer cases for 2010, excluding basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except urinary bladder. Note: State estimates are offered as a rough guide and should be interpreted with caution. State estimates may not add to US total due to rounding.

/pdf/cancer-facts-figures-2004-1oij6xmbu2.pdf

Cancer Facts & Figures 2004

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(09)60695-4.pdf

Cleft lip and palate

Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000

Background The disease risks from cigarette smoking increased in the United States over most of the 20th century, first among male smokers and later among female smokers. Whether these risks have continued to increase during the past 20 years is unclear. Methods We measured temporal trends in mortality across three time periods (1959-1965, 1982-1988, and 2000-2010), comparing absolute and relative risks according to sex and self-reported smoking status in two historical cohort studies and in five pooled contemporary cohort studies, among participants who became 55 years of age or older during follow-up. Results For women who were current smokers, as compared with women who had never smoked, the relative risks of death from lung cancer were 2.73, 12.65, and 25.66 in the 1960s, 1980s, and contemporary cohorts, respectively; corresponding relative risks for male current smokers, as compared with men who had never smoked, were 12.22, 23.81, and 24.97. In the contemporary cohorts, male and female current smokers also had similar relative risks for death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (25.61 for men and 22.35 for women), ischemic heart disease (2.50 for men and 2.86 for women), any type of stroke (1.92 for men and 2.10 for women), and all causes combined (2.80 for men and 2.76 for women). Mortality from COPD among male smokers continued to increase in the contemporary cohorts in nearly all the age groups represented in the study and within each stratum of duration and intensity of smoking. Among men 55 to 74 years of age and women 60 to 74 years of age, all-cause mortality was at least three times as high among current smokers as among those who had never smoked. Smoking cessation at any age dramatically reduced death rates. Conclusions The risk of death from cigarette smoking continues to increase among women and the increased risks are now nearly identical for men and women, as compared with persons who have never smoked. Among men, the risks associated with smoking have plateaued at the high levels seen in the 1980s, except for a continuing, unexplained increase in mortality from COPD.

/pdf/50-year-trends-in-smoking-related-mortality-in-the-united-250rguu0vc.pdf

50-Year Trends in Smoking-Related Mortality in the United States

The State of Aging and Health report consists of five sections. The first section of the report, The Health of Older Americans, presents data that illustrate changes that have taken place during the past two decades in several important measures of older Americans' health. Five key measures show trends in life expectancy, death rates, chronic disease, disability, and self-rated health status. The second and third sections present the national and state-by-state Report Card on Healthy Aging. The Report Card includes 10 indicators divided into three groups: • Health Behaviors • Preventive Care and Cancer Screening • Fall-Related Deaths and Injuries The Report Card grades the nation and the states based on targets set for the older population in Healthy People 2000, a national effort to improve health by establishing health targets and measuring progress (see Appendix, Table 5). The Report Card uses a " Pass " or " Fail " grading system based on whether the nation and states met, or failed to meet, a target. The fourth section of the report, Mental Health and Aging, presents challenges in treating mental illness among the elderly. The section focuses on the treatment of depression in later life, because most research on mental health services and the management of mental disorders relates to depressive disorders. The fifth section, Training the Health Care Workforce—Present and Future, focuses on the growing gap between older Americans' health care needs and the knowledge of health professionals who care for them. Executive Summary I The United States population over age 65 is projected to grow from 35 million in 2000 to 70 million in 2030. At that time, one in five Americans will be age 65 or older. institute of The Gerontological Society of America, are releasing this report to assess the health status of older Americans and make recommendations to improve older Americans' future physical and mental well-being. The most current data show that Americans, though living longer, are not necessarily living in better health during their senior years. Since 1990, healthy life expectancy (the number of healthy years after age 65) has remained at about 12 years—below the Healthy People 2000 target of 14 years for 2000. The good news is that the current gap between life span and healthy life span can be narrowed, and the primary responsibility rests with older adults. Seventy percent of the physical decline that occurs with aging is related …

/pdf/the-state-of-aging-and-health-in-america-2007-1ngajrxs43.pdf

Tommy G Thompson

Papers

Women and smoking: a report of the Surgeon General.

NCDs and an outcome-based approach to global health.