Lanthanide-based luminescent hybrid materials.

Plastic Optical Fibers: An Introduction to Their Technological Processes and Applications

Strategies for the design of luminescent lanthanide complexes, especially Nd(III) complexes are introduced in this review. The relatively low efficiency of Nd(III) emission in solution has been attributed to: (1) the radiationless transition process via vibrational excitation of the surrounding medium; (2) dipole–dipole non-radiative energy transfer processes via cross-relaxation and excitation migration; and (3) characteristics of perturbation of Nd(III) f orbitals by the surrounding environment. A Nd(III)-doped organic medium could be used as a strong luminescent material if these contributions could be controlled via the design of ligands for the Nd(III) complexes. Furthermore, recent photonic applications using Nd(III), Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes are demonstrated in this paper. The design of lanthanide(III) complexes and luminescence-based applications, including the fabrication of devices, are expected to open up pioneering fields in materials science.

Strategies for the design of luminescent lanthanide(III) complexes and their photonic applications

Chapter 225 – Rare-earth beta-diketonates

Solid-state organic amplifiers and lasers are attractive for hybrid integration due to their compatibility with different material platforms, straightforward processing, and possibility to optimize easily their optical and electronic properties by molecular engineering. Advances in the gain medium design and synthesis in combination with new resonator architectures led to tremendous improvements in temporal and spectral properties, lifetime stability, gains produced and operating threshold powers, which triggered interest in their use for a broad range of integrated photonic applications. In this contribution, the current state-of-the-art in the field of organic solid-state amplifiers and lasers is reviewed from the aspects of fabrication technology, gain materials, and device performance. Furthermore, examples of the progress of this technology from a laboratory curiosity to one that demonstrates practical integrated photonic applications are highlighted. An outlook is also provided on research areas and applications that are likely to shape further developments of this technology.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lpor.201100034

Organic solid-state integrated amplifiers and lasers

A graded-index polymer optical fiber containing rhodamine 6G in poly(methyl methacrylate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) has been fabricated. Lasing behavior of the fiber was observed by pumping with a frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd: yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser. A slope efficiency of 43% and a lifetime of 110 000 shots at a repetition rate of 10 Hz have been observed. With a 1.5 mJ pump energy, an output energy of 640 μJ was produced.

High-efficiency organic dye-doped polymer optical fiber lasers

We report on the lasing action of the graded-index polymer optical fibers containing dyes, such as Rhodamine B, Rhodamine 6G, Perylene orange and Pyrromethene 567. These dyes have been incorporated into poly(methyl methacrylate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). These fibers were transversely pumped at 532 nm with a frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd–YAG laser. Slope efficiency of 24% and output of 1.2 mJ were obtained with a Rhodamine 6G-doped fiber. Lifetime of 200,000 pulses at 10 Hz was achieved with a Rhodamine B-doped fiber. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Organic dye-doped polymer optical fiber laser

Graded-index poly(methyl methacrylate) optical fibers (GI POF) containing a Nd-chelate have been fabricated. The absorption spectrum of the fiber exhibited several strong bands in the visible and infrared regions. We have observed infrared fluorescence (0.90, 1.06, and 1.3 /spl mu/m) of the Nd/sup 3+/ ion of the fiber at room temperature when it was pumped with an Ar/sup +/-pumped dye laser at 580 nm.

Fabrication and properties of polymer optical fibers containing Nd-chelate

We demonstrated efficient and photostable laser action in graded index polymer fiber lasers doped with organic dyes such as Rhodamines, Perylenes and Pyrromethenes Slope efficiency of 47 percent and output of 26 mJ have been obtained with a Rhodamine 6G-doped fiber laser Moreover, we encapsulated rare earth ions to incorporate them into polymer matrices and studied spectroscopic properties of europium chelates in polymer hosts Superfluorescent polymer fiber sources based on Eu chelate-doped polymer optical fiber was demonstrated

High-power polymer optical fiber lasers and amplifiers

We report on the lasing action of the graded-index polymer optical fibers containing dyes, such as Rhodamine B, Rhodamine 6G, Perylene Orange, and Pyrromethene 567. These dyes have been incorporated into poly(methyl methacrylate- co-2-hydroxythyl methacrylate). These fibers were transversely pumped at 532 nm with a frequency-doubled Q- switched Nd:YAG laser. Slope efficiency of 24 percent and output of 1.2 mJ were obtained with a Rhodamine 6G-doped fiber. A lifetime of 200,000 pulses at 10 Hz was achieved with a Rhodamine B-doped fiber. GI POF containing a Nd- chelate have also been fabricated. The absorption spectrum of the fiber exhbit3ed several strong bands in the visible and IR regions. We have observed IR fluorescence of the Nd3+ ion of the fiber at room temperature when it was pumped with an Ar+-pumped dye laser at 580 nm. The Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to the absorption spectrum of Nd3+ in polymer to determine the Judd-Ofelt parameters. From the theory, various radiative properties, such as transition probability, branching ratio, and emission cross section for various emission levels, have been determined and reported.

Toshihiko Tamura

Papers

High-efficiency organic dye-doped polymer optical fiber lasers

Organic dye-doped polymer optical fiber laser

Fabrication and properties of polymer optical fibers containing Nd-chelate

High-power polymer optical fiber lasers and amplifiers

High-performance polymer optical fiber lasers and amplifiers