Catalytic effects of nano additives on decomposition and combustion of RDX-, HMX-, and AP-based energetic compositions

This paper provides an overview of the main developments over the past nine years in the study of the sensitivity of energetic materials (EM) to impact, shock, friction, electric spark, laser beams, and heat. Attention is also paid to performance and to its calculation methods. Summaries are provided of the relationships between sensitivity and performance, the best representations for the calculation methods of performance being the volume heat of explosion or the product of crystal density and the square of detonation velocity. On the basis of current knowledge, it is possible to state that a single universal relationship between molecular structure and initiation reactivity does not yet exist. It is confirmed that increasing the explosive strength is usually accompanied by an increase in the sensitivity. In the case of nitramines this rule is totally valid for friction sensitivity, but for impact sensitivity there are exceptions to the rule, and with 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazepane, 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane, β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane, and the α-, β- and e-polymorphs of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane the relationship works in the opposite direction. With respect to the QSPR approach there might be reasonably good predictions but it provides little insight into the physics and chemistry involved in the process of initiation.

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Sensitivity and Performance of Energetic Materials

Fluorine-containing oxidizers for metal fuels in energetic formulations

Assembly and encapsulation of aluminum NP's within AP/NC matrix and their reactive properties

On the combustion of heterogeneous AP/HTPB composite propellants: A review

A study of solid ramjet fuel containing boron–magnesium mixtures

Coupling micro and meso-scale combustion models of AP/HTPB propellants

An experimental study of the effects of catalysts on an ammonium perchlorate based composite propellant using 5 kHz PLIF

Enhanced ignition of milled boron-polytetrafluoroethylene mixtures

Experimental observation of the flame structure of a bimodal ammonium perchlorate composite propellant using 5 kHz PLIF

Trevor D. Hedman

Papers

A study of solid ramjet fuel containing boron–magnesium mixtures

Coupling micro and meso-scale combustion models of AP/HTPB propellants

An experimental study of the effects of catalysts on an ammonium perchlorate based composite propellant using 5 kHz PLIF

Enhanced ignition of milled boron-polytetrafluoroethylene mixtures

Experimental observation of the flame structure of a bimodal ammonium perchlorate composite propellant using 5 kHz PLIF