Concerns about climate change as well as fossil fuel usage restrictions motivate the energy transition to a sustainable energy sector requiring very high penetration level of renewable energy sources in the World energy matrix, including those heavily hydrocarbon-based as fuel for transportation. Some of these renewable sources have an uncontrollable output and managing the variability is challenging. The current upward trend in renewables participation will demand even more flexibility from the energy systems. Among several options for increasing flexibility, energy storage (ES) is a promising one considering the variability of many renewable sources. The purpose of this study is to present a comprehensive updated review of ES technologies, briefly address their applications and discuss the barriers to ES deployment. Methodology involves the description and the analysis of ES many existing and developing technologies. ES applications are discussed briefly using logistic and parametric classification logics. As result of this study, it will be pointed out that no ES technology outstands simultaneously in all technical characteristics and consequently, selection should be driven on a case base analysis. Economic feasibility of ES business models and establishment of a well-suited regulatory environment are major issues to unlock ES deployment. Regarding energy transition, Power-to-Gas, Power-to-Liquids and Solar-to-Fuel technologies are very promising and further studies about these technologies are required to better understand their possibilities and how to overcome the barriers to their practical usage.

Energy storage in the energy transition context: A technology review

The global effort to decarbonise electricity systems has led to widespread deployments of variable renewable energy generation technologies, which in turn has boosted research and development interest in bulk Electrical Energy Storage (EES). However despite large increases in research funding, many electricity markets with increasingly large proportions of variable renewable generation have seen little actual bulk EES deployment. While this can be partly attributed to the need for technological developments, it is also due to the challenge of fairly rewarding storage operators for the range of services that storage provides to the wider network, especially in markets that have undergone significant restructuring and liberalisation. Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage (PHES) is the overwhelmingly established bulk EES technology (with a global installed capacity around 130 GW) and has been an integral part of many markets since the 1960s. This review provides an historical overview of the development of PHES in several significant electrical markets and compares a number of mechanisms that can reward PHES in different international market frameworks. As well as providing up-to-date information about PHES, a primary motivation for this work is to provide an overview about the types of rewards available to bulk EES for the wider storage community including investors, technology developers and policy-makers. Observing that bulk EES projects seem to be unattractive investments for the private sector, the paper also includes a brief discussion in terms of public sector investment.

/pdf/a-review-of-pumped-hydro-energy-storage-development-in-2e912zhobr.pdf

A review of pumped hydro energy storage development in significant international electricity markets

Planning for a 100% independent energy system based on smart energy storage for integration of renewables and CO2 emissions reduction

http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/20443909/Adiabatic_Compressed_Air_Energy_Storage_with_packed_bed_thermal_energy_storage.pdf

Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage with Packed Bed Thermal Energy Storage

Parametric studies and optimisation of pumped thermal electricity storage

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00531834/document

A thermal energy storage process for large scale electric applications

Numerical prediction of heat transfer and pressure drop in three-dimensional channels with alternated opposed ribs

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02592927/document

Experimental study and numerical modelling of high temperature gas/solid packed-bed heat storage systems

Ce regenerateur de chaleur comprend au moins une matrice realisee en un materiau refractaire pour assurer le stockage et la restitution de chaleur. Cette matrice comprend au moins un canal (2) traversant apte a permettre la circulation d'un fluide, ledit canal comportant au moins deux saillies (3) emergeant dans le volume defini par ledit canal, lesdites saillies etant positionnees sur deux faces opposees du canal,

Tristan Desrues

Papers

A thermal energy storage process for large scale electric applications

Numerical prediction of heat transfer and pressure drop in three-dimensional channels with alternated opposed ribs

Experimental study and numerical modelling of high temperature gas/solid packed-bed heat storage systems

Regenerateur de chaleur