This paper describes the contents of the 2016 edition of the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic compilation. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2012 and its updates during the intervening years. The HITRAN molecular absorption compilation is composed of five major components: the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, infrared absorption cross-sections for molecules not yet amenable to representation in a line-by-line form, collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables such as partition sums that apply globally to the data. The new HITRAN is greatly extended in terms of accuracy, spectral coverage, additional absorption phenomena, added line-shape formalisms, and validity. Moreover, molecules, isotopologues, and perturbing gases have been added that address the issues of atmospheres beyond the Earth. Of considerable note, experimental IR cross-sections for almost 300 additional molecules important in different areas of atmospheric science have been added to the database. The compilation can be accessed through www.hitran.org. Most of the HITRAN data have now been cast into an underlying relational database structure that offers many advantages over the long-standing sequential text-based structure. The new structure empowers the user in many ways. It enables the incorporation of an extended set of fundamental parameters per transition, sophisticated line-shape formalisms, easy user-defined output formats, and very convenient searching, filtering, and plotting of data. A powerful application programming interface making use of structured query language (SQL) features for higher-level applications of HITRAN is also provided.

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The HITRAN 2008 molecular spectroscopic database

Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing

A fast-Fourier-transform method of topography and interferometry is proposed. By computer processing of a noncontour type of fringe pattern, automatic discrimination is achieved between elevation and depression of the object or wave-front form, which has not been possible by the fringe-contour-generation techniques. The method has advantages over moire topography and conventional fringe-contour interferometry in both accuracy and sensitivity. Unlike fringe-scanning techniques, the method is easy to apply because it uses no moving components.

Fourier-transform method of fringe-pattern analysis for computer-based topography and interferometry

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) accounts for a significant fraction of ambient tropospheric aerosol and a detailed knowledge of the formation, properties and transformation of SOA is therefore required to evaluate its impact on atmospheric processes, climate and human health. The chemical and physical processes associated with SOA formation are complex and varied, and, despite considerable progress in recent years, a quantitative and predictive understanding of SOA formation does not exist and therefore represents a major research challenge in atmospheric science. This review begins with an update on the current state of knowledge on the global SOA budget and is followed by an overview of the atmospheric degradation mechanisms for SOA precursors, gas-particle partitioning theory and the analytical techniques used to determine the chemical composition of SOA. A survey of recent laboratory, field and modeling studies is also presented. The following topical and emerging issues are highlighted and discussed in detail: molecular characterization of biogenic SOA constituents, condensed phase reactions and oligomerization, the interaction of atmospheric organic components with sulfuric acid, the chemical and photochemical processing of organics in the atmospheric aqueous phase, aerosol formation from real plant emissions, interaction of atmospheric organic components with water, thermodynamics and mixtures in atmospheric models. Finally, the major challenges ahead in laboratory, field and modeling studies of SOA are discussed and recommendations for future research directions are proposed.

/pdf/the-formation-properties-and-impact-of-secondary-organic-4x4th6v9ke.pdf

The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol: current and emerging issues

The talk with present the key results of the IPCC Working Group III 5th assessment report. Concluding four years of intense scientific collaboration by hundreds of authors from around the world, the report responds to the request of the world's governments for a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change. The report has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.

Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change

Cloud classification analyzing image sequences

Measurements of Stratospheric Trace Gas Profiles at Different Latitudes and Seasons Using a New Balloon-Borne DOAS Instrument

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ozongenerator (100) zur Erzeugung von Ozon aus Umgebungsluft (1), einen NO-zu-NO 2 -Konverter (200) mit dem Ozongenerator (100), ein Verfahren zum Konvertieren von NO zu NO 2 und eine Verwendung des Ozongenerators (100) bzw. des NO-zu-NO 2 -Konverters (200). Dabei weist der Ozongenerator (100) auf: – eine Ozonerzeugungseinheit (15) zur Erzeugung von Ozon aus der Umgebungsluft; – eine Oxidationseinheit (30) zum Oxidieren von in der Ozonerzeugungseinheit (15) entstandenem Stickstoffmonoxid zu hoheren Stickoxiden; und – eine Nachfilterungseinheit (40) zum zumindest teilweisen Herausfiltern der in der Oxidationseinheit (15) erzeugten hoheren Stickoxide.

Ulrich Platt

Papers

Cloud classification analyzing image sequences

Measurements of Stratospheric Trace Gas Profiles at Different Latitudes and Seasons Using a New Balloon-Borne DOAS Instrument

Ozongenerator, no-zu-no2-konverter, verfahren zum konvertieren von no zu no2 und verwendung

Atmospheric Gas Phase Reactions

Long Path DOAS Measurements of Ozone and Related Species at Cape Arkona (Island Rügen)