Sasidharan Swarnalatha Lucky,†,§ Khee Chee Soo,‡ and Yong Zhang*,†,§,∥ †NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117456 ‡Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 169610 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117576 College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang, P. R. China 321004

Nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy.

https://www.cell.com/trends/biotechnology/pdf/S0167-7799(08)00217-5.pdf

Nanoparticles as vehicles for delivery of photodynamic therapy agents

Surface chemistry of porphyrins and phthalocyanines

Porphyrinic molecules have a unique theranostic role in disease therapy; they have been used to image, detect and treat different forms of diseased tissue including age-related macular degeneration and a number of different cancer types. Current focus is on the clinical imaging of tumour tissue; targeted delivery of photosensitisers and the potential of photosensitisers in multimodal biomedical theranostic nanoplatforms. The roles of porphyrinic molecules in imaging and pdt, along with research into improving their selective uptake in diseased tissue and their utility in theranostic applications are highlighted in this Review.

/pdf/unique-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-roles-of-porphyrins-and-2seomjryfy.pdf

Unique Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines in Photodynamic Therapy, Imaging and Theranostics

Development and Applications of Photo-triggered Theranostic Agents

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively new cytotoxic treatment, predominantly used in anticancer approaches, that depends on the retention of photosensitizers in tumor and their activation after light exposure. This technology is based on the light excitation of a photosensitizer which induces very localized oxidative damages within the cells by formation of highly reactive oxygen species, the most important being singlet oxygen. Many photo-activable molecules have been synthesized such as porphyrins, chlorins and more recently phthalocyanines which present a strong light absorption at wavelengths around 670 nm and are therefore well-adapted to the optical window required for PDT application. However, the lack of selective accumulation of these photo-activable molecules within tumor tissue is a major problem in PDT, and one research area of importance is developing targeted photosensitizers. Indeed, targeted photodynamic therapy offers the advantage to enhance photodynamic efficiency by directly targeting diseased cells or tissues. Many attempts have been made to either increase the uptake of the dye by the target cells and tissues or to improve subcellular localization so as to deliver the dye to photosensitive sites within the cells. The aim of this review is to present the actual state of the development of phthalocyanines covalently conjugated with biomolecules that possess a marked selectivity towards cancer cells; for some of them their photophysical properties and photodynamic activity will be presented.

https://cancer.cytoluminator.com/cancer-photodynamic-therapy/phthalocyanines-covalently-bound-biomolecules-targeted-pdt.pdf

Vincent Manneville

Papers

Phthalocyanines Covalently Bound to Biomolecules for a Targeted Photodynamic Therapy