''Model-free control'' and the corresponding ''intelligent'' PID controllers (iPIDs), which already had many successful concrete applications, are presented here for the first time in an unified manner, where the new advances are taken into account. The basics of model-free control is now employing some old functional analysis and some elementary differential algebra. The estimation techniques become quite straightforward via a recent online parameter identification approach. The importance of iPIs and especially of iPs is deduced from the presence of friction. The strange industrial ubiquity of classic PID's and the great difficulty for tuning them in complex situations is deduced, via an elementary sampling, from their connections with iPIDs. Several numerical simulations are presented which include some infinite-dimensional systems. They demonstrate not only the power of our intelligent controllers but also the great simplicity for tuning them.

https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828135/document

Model-free control

https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01081757/document

A model-free control strategy for an experimental greenhouse with an application to fault accommodation

https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00869053/document

Coupled nonlinear vehicle control: Flatness-based setting with algebraic estimation techniques

ALINEA, which was introduced almost thirty years ago, remains certainly the most well known feedback loop for ramp metering control. A theoretical proof of its efficiency at least when the traffic conditions are rather mild is given here, perhaps for the first time. It relies on tools stemming from the new model-free control and the corresponding "intelligent" proportional controllers. Several computer experiments confirm our theoretical investigations.

https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01326514/document

On ramp metering: Towards a better understanding of ALINEA via model-free control

This paper presents a feedback control design for a coordinated ramp metering problem for two consecutive on-ramps. We design a traffic allocation scheme for ramps based on Godunov's numerical method and using a distributive model. Most of the previous work for designing feedback control for ramp metering is based on either the discretized linear methods or nonlinear methods based on the traffic ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We utilize the distributive model to construct a control condition for regulating the traffic density at critical density. Then, we design a Godunov-method-based satisfiable allocation scheme that gives us the actual control for each ramp individually. We show the stability properties of the closed-loop system and validate the effectiveness of the feedback control law by running a simulation using real traffic flow measurements with parameter estimation.

Feedback-Coordinated Ramp Control of Consecutive On-Ramps Using Distributed Modeling and Godunov-Based Satisfiable Allocation

''Model-free'' control and the related ''intelligent'' proportional-integral (PI) controllers are successfully applied to freeway ramp metering control. Implementing moreover the corresponding control strategy is straightforward. Numerical simulations on the other hand need the identification of quite complex quantities like the free flow speed and the critical density. This is achieved thanks to new estimation techniques where the differentiation of noisy signals plays a key role. Several excellent computer simulations are provided and analyzed.

https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00711847/document

Freeway ramp metering control made easy and efficient

This paper is concerned with the traffic flow control using the concept of flatness. The proposed approach exploits the bond-graphs formalism in the macroscopic modeling of the traffic flow. The main advantage is that it allows to strongly simplify the analysis techniques, offering a physical comprehension of the dynamical behavior of the studied system. Indeed, the obtained model is on the form of space discretized continuous lumped parameters. Starting from the mathematical equations deduced directly from the bond-graph model, we propose a flatness based control algorithm in order to regulate the flow at the mainline section of road. The same method can be used to develop isolated and coordinated ramp metering algorithms

Flatness based control of traffic flow

"Model-free" control and the related "intelligent" proportional-integral (PI) controllers are successfully applied to freeway ramp metering control Implementing moreover the corresponding control strategy is straightforward Numerical simulations on the other hand need the identification of quite complex quantities like the free flow sp\^eed and the critical density This is achieved thanks to new estimation techniques where the differentiation of noisy signals plays a key r\^ole Several excellent computer simulations are provided and analyzed

The regulation of freeway traffic flow, which is a complex nonlinear system, is achieved via the newly introduced model-free control. Several computer simulations are validating our control strategy, which is easy to implement and shows good robustness properties with respect to perturbations

https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00585442/document

Prolégomènes à une régulation sans modèle du trafic autoroutier

http://www.nt.ntnu.no/users/skoge/prost/proceedings/ifac2008/data/papers/0484.pdf

Violina Iordanova

Papers

Freeway ramp metering control made easy and efficient

Flatness based control of traffic flow

Freeway ramp metering control made easy and efficient

Prolégomènes à une régulation sans modèle du trafic autoroutier

Sliding Mode Control and Flatness-Based Concept for Real-Time Ramp Metering