This study investigated the soil pollution level and evaluated the phytoremediation potential of 25 native plant species on a former gold mine-tailing site in Ghana. Plant shoots and associated soil samples were collected from a tailing deposition site and analyzed for total element concentration of As, Hg, Pb, and Cu. Soil metal(loid) content, bioaccumulation factor (BAFshoots), and hyperaccumulator thresholds were also determined to assess the current soil pollution level and phytoextraction potential. The concentration of As and Hg in the soil was above international risk thresholds, while that of Pb and Cu were below those thresholds. None of the investigated plant species reached absolute hyperaccumulator standard concentrations. Bioavailability of sampled metal(loid)s in the soil was generally low due to high pH, organic matter, and clay content. However, for Cu, relatively high bioaccumulation values (BAFshoots > 1) were found for 12 plant species, indicating the potential for selective heavy-metal extraction via phytoremediation by those plants. The high levels of As at the study site constitute an environmental and health risk but there is the potential for phytoextraction of Cu (e.g., Aspilia africana) and reclamation by afforestation using Leucaena leucocephala and Senna siamea.

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Soil Heavy Metal(loid) Pollution and Phytoremediation Potential of Native Plants on a Former Gold Mine in Ghana

Practices of visually representing places of resource extraction and land degradation can be deeply contentious, embedded in a wide variety of values, ethics, goals, and relations. Photographs are ...

Visual storytelling and socioenvironmental change: Images, photographic encounters and knowledge construction in resource frontiers

Natural regeneration on land degraded by coal mining in a tropical climate: lessons for ecological restoration from Indonesia.

Indonesia has the second-largest biodiversity of any country in the world. Deforestation and forest degradation have caused a range of environmental issues, including habitat degradation and loss of biodiversity, deterioration of water quality and quantity, air pollution, and increased greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. Forest restoration at the landscape level has been conducted to balance ecological integrity and human well-being. Forest restoration efforts are also aimed at reducing CO2 emissions and are closely related to Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) from the forestry sector. The purpose of this paper is to examine the regulatory, institutional, and policy aspects of forest restoration in Indonesia, as well as the implementation of forest restoration activities in the country. The article was written using a synoptic review approach to Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR)-related articles and national experiences. Failures, success stories, and criteria and indicators for forest restoration success are all discussed. We also discuss the latest silvicultural techniques for the success of the forest restoration program. Restoration governance in Indonesia has focused on the wetland ecosystem such as peatlands and mangroves, but due to the severely degraded condition of many forests, the government has by necessity opted for active restoration involving the planting and establishment of livelihood options. The government has adapted its restoration approach from the early focus on ecological restoration to more forest landscape restoration, which recognizes that involving the local community in restoration activities is critical for the success of forest restoration.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/3/328/pdf?version=1645698006

Tropical Forest Landscape Restoration in Indonesia: A Review

Abstrak . C-organik tanah pada perkebunan kelapa sawit dapat dijadikan salah satu parameter keberlanjutan ekosistem dan kesuburan tanah. Perubahan sifat kimia tanah yang dinamis tidak lepas dari proses biogeokimia dari mineralisasi dan pelapukan bahan organik menjadi C-organik tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji status C-organik tanah serta kaitannya dengan sifat kimia tanah lainnya dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun dari tahun 2009 sampai tahun 2014 di perkebunan kelapa sawit Sumatera Utara, dengan jenis tanah Inceptisols dan Ultisols. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive random sampling . Data dianalisis menggunakan uji komparatif T- paired antara kebun yang diamati pada tahun 2009 dan 2014 untuk melihat perubahan nilai C-organik, dan parameter sifat kimia tanah. Uji korelasi dilakukan untuk melihat keterkaitan antara C-organik dengan parameter sifat kimia tanah lainnya, yaitu kadar N, kejenuhan Al, pH, dan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 25 kebun pengamatan, nilai C-organik dari 3 kebun meningkat dan 6 kebun menurun secara signifikan, sedangkan 16 lainnya tidak berbeda nyata. Dalam periode 5 tahun, kandungan C-organik tanah cenderung fluktuatif namun tetap berada pada kelas yang sama dengan kisaran rendah hingga sedang (<1,75%). Peningkatan nilai C-organik hanya berkorelasi linier dan nyata dengan N pada tanah Inceptisols (r = 0,392). Sedangkan, pada tanah Ultisols, peningkatan C-organik tanah secara nyata diikuti dengan penurunan nilai pH (r = -0,141).

https://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jti/article/download/10558/rana-1

C-organik Tanah di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Sumatera Utara: Status dan Hubungan dengan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah

Sudarmadji T, Hartati W. 2016. The process of rehabilitation of mined forest lands toward degraded forest ecosystemÂ recovery in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 185-191. An overview of mined forest lands at East and Central KalimantanÂ Indonesia was conducted to determine most important influencing factors supporting degraded forest ecosystem recovery. Consecutivestages of rehabilitation processes consist of reclamation-backfilling, re-contouring, re-shaping, topsoils spreading, and revegetationland preparation, planting, maintenance covering minimum topsoils spreading, soil acidity, plant hole size, soil improvement application (dolomite, organic-inorganic fertilizers),Â vegetation plantingÂ vegetation planting (plant species selection-quality and site matching-verified plantmaterial sources, hardening-off, planting techniques), and land management implementation. The potential degraded forest ecosystem recovery was shown by cover crops and fast growing species plant and undergrowths, survive primary species, decreasing surface runoff/overlandÂ flowsÂ followingÂ increasingÂ soilÂ infiltrationÂ capacities,Â decreasingÂ soilÂ erosionÂ rateÂ andÂ itâ€™sÂ erosionÂ hazard,Â andÂ anÂ improvedÂ environments as habitat for invading wildlifes. The general characteristics of potential degraded forest ecosystem recovery after rehabilitation processes are: spread soil materials thickness > 70 cm, bulk density + 1,2 g.ml-1, soil acidity > 5,5, macro nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg)-low to moderate, decreasing overland water flow following increasing soil infiltration capacity-moderate to high, decreasing soil erosion rate-very low to moderate, decreasing erosion hazard level-very slight to moderate, growing plants of fast growing species with significant layers and land cover, and growing interline planted primary species. Viewed from the ecological aspect, in the revegetated degraded forest lands wildlife such as insects, birds, reptiles, amphibians and small mammals were found feeding and alsopermanently living in ecosystem regeneration following gradual habitat improvement. The ecosystem status was identified as a progression towards degraded forest ecosystem recovery.

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The process of rehabilitation of mined forest lands toward degraded forest ecosystem recovery in Kalimantan, Indonesia

. Hartati, Sudarmadji T. 2016. Relationship between soil texture and soil organic matter content on mined-out lands in Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 83-88. Post open pit mining may in most cases leave unarable and degraded lands due to heavy soil disturbances and therefore reclamation efforts of such area should be addressed on the revitalization of the soil functions for plant growth. The capability of tropical humid soils, including post open pit mining soils, to support plant growth is largely determined by their organic matter content-nutrient pool, soil aggregation, microbial activity, etc. However, soil organic matter content is, to large extent, governed by the soil clay content which is most likely permanent. This may imply that the soil texture couple with soil organic matter content could be a sound measurement to assess the recovery stages of the mined-out lands in term of soil functions for plant growth. This research was conducted in three sites of reclamation area in Berau, East Kalimantan. Soil texture varied from moderately fine (35-40% clay) to fine (40-50% clay) and very fine (>50% clay) for the BMO, SMO and LMO sites respectively. Soil clay eluviations were found in both of SMO (8 years old revegetation) and BMO (>12 years old revegetation) sites but not in LMO site. Soil organic matter content ranged from very low ( 12 and 8 years old revegetation when the organic matter content reaching its maximum. The very fine soil texture does not show clay eluviations process until > 12 years old revegetation even containing the highest organic C content and reaches its maximum at 8-10 years old revegetation.

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Relationship between soil texture and soil organic matter content on mined-out lands in Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

The study aims to evaluate nutrient content and nutrient accumulation on above ground biomass and soil nutrient distribution and above ground biomass among the plantation forest stands.The study was carried out in Borisallo forest block of UMR Gowa of PT Inhutani I Unit III Makassar on forest stand plantation of mangium, sengon, and leda of 17 years of age and on virgin forest at Dystrustepts soil. The collected data were analysed descriptively.The study indicates that chemical characteristics of soil on leda stand is better than that of the virgin forest and the best of all other stands. Only the N content which is higher in the virgin stand than in any other stands in the plantation forest. The nutrient content of P, Ca, and Mg are higher in leda, whereas mangium has the highest content of K. Sengon has the least content of all observed nutrients. Mangium has the highest total biomass and nutrient accumulation (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) but sengon has the lowest. The accumulation of N, P, K of mangium is higher than the content found in the soil underneath the stand. On the contrary, Ca and Mg are found higher in the soil. Similar results are found in sengon and leda stands. Based on basal area and dominant height measurements the three-species plantations are considered low in productivity and categorised as site quality I. High clay concentration and soil depth are the main restrictions for good growth of stands and result in a low productivity of the three species stands. 


Key words: plantation,nutrient distribution,mangium,sengon,leda,sustainability
Key words: plantation,nutrient distribution,mangium,sengon,leda,sustainability

Evaluasi Distribusi Hara Tanah Dantegakan Mangium, Sengon Dan Leda Pada Akhir Daur Untuk Kelestarian Produksi Hutan Tanaman Di Umr Gowa PT Inhutani I Unit III Makassar

Interests on biochar application for the improvement of soil properties and fertily are increasing worldwide nowadays and numerous of production techniques are now available. This research was aimed at the investigation (a) on the characteristics biochar produced by 3 (three) different techniques, i.e: (1) traditional soil pit, (2) retort closed drum and (3) open drum kilns, as well as (b) on growth (height, leaf number and survival) response of Shorea leprosula seedling to 20%v biochar application on bioassay trial in the nursery. Bioassay trial was carried out in nursery of Forestry Faculty of Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia and was in accordance with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) applying 4 treatments and 3 replications. Of those 3 production techniques, retort closed drum kiln production technique was the most promising for further development and adoption providing not only that the biochar produced gave better properties and soil improvement capacity but also higher production recovery and less time and labour involvement. Furthermore, eventhough it was not statistically significant, biochar produced by retort closed drum gave better growth (height and leaf number) rate to S. leprosula seedlings in bioassay trial compared to those given by biochar produced by other techniques and without biochar treatments.

http://e-journals.unmul.ac.id/index.php/UJHT/article/download/1291/BIOCHAR%20YANG%20DIPRODUKSI%20DENGAN%20TUNGKU%20DRUM%20TERTUTUP%20RETORT%20MEMBERIKAN%20PERTUMBUHAN%20TANAMAN%20YANG%20LEBIH%20TINGGI

Biochar yang diproduksi dengan tungku drum tertutup retort memberikan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih tinggi (biochar produced by retort closed drum kiln promotes higher plant growth rate)

. Syahrinudin, Denich M, Becker M, Hartati W, Vleg PLG. 2020. Biomass and carbon distribution on Imperata cylindrica grasslands. Biodiversitas 21: 74-79. Invasive plants can alter the diversity and composition of ecological communities leading to ecosystem change both function and biodiversity issues. Imperata cylindrica is an invasive grass thrives on wide range of soil fertility and climatic condition forming a vast grassland area of this species. Conversion of such lands into agriculture and plantation is costly and high capital demanding. This work was devoted to investigate CO2 mitigation potential of the conversion I. cylindrica grassland to plantations in Sumatra and East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Stratified sampling technique was applied for the determination of biomass and carbon stock of the system studied. Results show that I. cylindrica grassland stored only a relatively small amount of biomass C (5.9-7.6 mg ha-1) implying that conversion into a more C-rich tree-based system would be promising tool to enhance C sequestration. Soil C content at both study sites decreased significantly with depth from the top 15 cm to the 3-m depth and was considerably higher in East Kalimantan than in Sumatra. Provided similar land-use history, the differences in soil C are likely to be related to the level prior to the invasion. Roots of I. cylindrica extended to a maximum depth of only 180 cm, but most of these roots being confined to the topsoil, little organic material is deposited in deeper layers. Despite the dense mat of rhizomes, the extent of C stored in the topsoils was modest. As sequestration is of global concern, the conversion of this grassland into systems with higher biomass accumulation and deeper root penetration is required.

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Wahjuni Hartati

Papers

The process of rehabilitation of mined forest lands toward degraded forest ecosystem recovery in Kalimantan, Indonesia

Relationship between soil texture and soil organic matter content on mined-out lands in Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Evaluasi Distribusi Hara Tanah Dantegakan Mangium, Sengon Dan Leda Pada Akhir Daur Untuk Kelestarian Produksi Hutan Tanaman Di Umr Gowa PT Inhutani I Unit III Makassar

Biochar yang diproduksi dengan tungku drum tertutup retort memberikan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih tinggi (biochar produced by retort closed drum kiln promotes higher plant growth rate)

Biomass and carbon distribution on Imperata cylindrica grasslands