A grammar of spoken Chinese = 中國話的文法

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Constructions A Construction Grammar Approach To Argument Structure

https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/language/v076/76.1.chung.pdf

The contemporary theory of metaphor: A perspective from Chinese By Ning Yu (review)

In this text, the author demonstrates how the study of language and consciousness together can provide an unexpectedly broad understanding of the way the mind works. Relying on close analyses of conversational speech, as well as written fiction and non-fiction, he investigates both the flow of ideas through consciousness and the displacement of consciousness by way of memory and imagination. Chafe draws on several decades of research to demonstrate that understanding the nature of consciousness is essential to understanding many linguistic phenomena, such as pronouns, tense, clause structure and intonation, as well as stylistic usages, such as the historical present and the free indirect style. While the book focuses on English, there are also discussions of the North American Indian language, Seneca, and the music of Mozart and of the Seneca people.

The Concept of Consciousness in the Theory of Language@@@Discourse, Consciousness and Time: The Flow and Displacement of Conscious Experience in Speaking and Writing

This ground-breaking book marks a milestone in the history of the newly developed field of Cultural Linguistics, a multidisciplinary area of research that explores the relationship between language and cultural conceptualisations. The most authoritative book in the field to date, it outlines the theoretical and analytical framework of Cultural Linguistics, elaborating on its key theoretical/analytical notions of cultural cognition, cultural schema, cultural category, and cultural metaphor. In addition, it brings to light a wide array of cultural conceptualisations drawn from many different languages and language varieties. The book reveals how the analytical tools of Cultural Linguistics can produce in-depth and insightful investigations into the cultural grounding of language in several domains and subdisciplines, including embodiment, emotion, religion, World Englishes, pragmatics, intercultural communication, Teaching English as an International Language (TEIL), and political discourse analysis. By presenting a comprehensive survey of recent research in Cultural Linguistics, this book demonstrates the relevance of the cultural conceptualisations encoded in language to all aspects of human life, from the very conceptualisations of life and death, to conceptualisations of emotion, body, humour, religion, gender, kinship, ageing, marriage, and politics. This book, in short, is a must-have reference work for scholars and students interested in Cultural Linguistics.

Cultural Linguistics: Cultural conceptualisations and language

This volume explores the cross-linguistic diversity, and possibly inconsistency, of the span of linguistic means that signal reported speech and thought. The integration of broad linguistic (viewpoint in conversation and narrative) and cognitive (theory of mind and understanding the inner life and thought of others) strategies for handling mixed points of view will be considered.

Viewpoint and the fabric of meaning : form and use of viewpoint tools across languages and modalities

The questions that comparative stylistic research is dealing
with are simultaneously quite concrete and quite general. On
the one hand, we are interested in a very concrete question of
cross-linguistic comparison: How exactly is a specific
discourse pattern in English– one in which the dominant
viewpoint shifts from the narrator to a character in a story
rather smoothly– rendered in Chinese, a language that does not
have direct parallels of the linguistic features that
constitute the English pattern? On the other hand, and at the
same time, we are interested in a much more general theoretical
and methodological question, namely, how precisely this type of
question may and should be investigated: What procedures and
what kind of data are appropriate, and especially: What is the
status of concepts that we use in such a comparative study? The
main goal of this paper is to address these general
methodological and conceptual questions. We will do so by means
of a detailed comparison of a small number of highly
significant text fragments involving mixed viewpoints, using
parallel texts: four translations from an English original to
Chinese, and one from Chinese to English.

Shifting viewpoints : How does that actually work acrosslanguages? An exercise in parallel text analysis

This volume explores the cross-linguistic diversity, and
possibly inconsistency, of the span of linguistic means that
signal reported speech and thought. The integration of broad
linguistic (viewpoint in conversation and narrative) and
cognitive (theory of mind and understanding the inner life and
thought of others) strategies for handling mixed points of view
will be considered.

Viewpoint and the Fabric of Meaning

Abstract The paper discusses the role of tense and time from a cross-linguistic perspective by comparing English (a tensed language) and Mandarin (a language without formal tense marking). Multiple translations of the same literary piece are used to test the correspondence between the tense, the perfective aspect and temporal adverbials. In English, tense marking is found to work with at least two language-specific stylistic means, clause interpolation and inversion, to create a mixed narrative viewpoint. In Mandarin, neither the perfective aspect nor temporal adverbials, i.e., constructions that invoke time, are systematically used across the renditions, which shows the Mandarin system’s overall indifference to time in managing viewpoint in discourse. The Mandarin renditions, in addition to an overall indifference to time, feature consistent and frequent use of reduplication as the system’s distinctive viewpoint strategy. The paper concludes with a discussion of the cognitive consequence of a language using an obligatory marking system to piggyback the function of viewpointing narratives.

Time, tense and viewpoint shift across languages: A Multiple-Parallel-Text approach to “tense shifting” in a tenseless language

This chapter explores the cultural metaphor of death and its conceptualisations as reflected in the language of death by analysing a comprehensive collection of Mandarin eulogistic idioms stored in the official eulogy request system in Taiwan. The system holds 59 Buddhist and eight Christian idioms. In the Buddhist category, six cultural metaphors are generalised, including death is rebirth, death is a journey towards rebirth, rebirth is west, life is a circle, a person is a lotus, heaven is full of lotuses and three metaphors are generalised from the idioms for Christians, including death is rest, heaven is an eternal home and death is a return journey. Based on these findings, this chapter discusses the phenomenon of the co-existence of multiple cultural metaphors in eulogistic idioms and the extent of cohesiveness of a metaphor in different sub-groups within a culture. The idiom of death is a journey is also addressed as a deviation of the use of the journey metaphor and a methodological explanation is provided for why this finding is different from that found in previous literature. The chapter closes with the suggestion that Cultural Linguistics (or general cultural linguistics), as part of its methodology, take advantage of specialised databases as resources for research.

Wei-lun Lu

Papers

Viewpoint and the fabric of meaning : form and use of viewpoint tools across languages and modalities

Shifting viewpoints : How does that actually work acrosslanguages? An exercise in parallel text analysis

Viewpoint and the Fabric of Meaning

Time, tense and viewpoint shift across languages: A Multiple-Parallel-Text approach to “tense shifting” in a tenseless language

Cultural Conceptualisations of death in Taiwanese Buddhist and Christian Eulogistic Idioms