Slaughterhouse wastewater characteristics, treatment, and management in the meat processing industry: A review on trends and advances.

Biological wastewater treatment (anaerobic-aerobic) technologies for safe discharge of treated slaughterhouse and meat processing wastewater.

https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:352790/UQ352790_OA.pdf

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors enable high rate treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater

Food and beverage industry is one of the major contributors to the growth of all economies. In European Union, it constitutes the largest manufacturing sector in terms of turnover, value added, and employment. However, the sector has been associated with various environmental issues including high levels of water consumption and wastewater production. In the present work, an overview regarding the production process, the water usage and the wastewater generation, and treatment of representative manufacturing industries from selected sectors of the food and beverage industry, is presented. The industries under investigation are: slaughterhouses, potato processing, olive oil production, cheese production, and beer manufacturing. As expected, between those different sectors, water consumption and wastewater generation vary greatly. Wastewater pollution load depends on the type of product being processed, the process and the equipment used, while the common characteristic is the strong organic content...

Overview of water usage and wastewater management in the food and beverage industry.

Treatment of actual slaughterhouse wastewater by combined anaerobic–aerobic processes for biogas generation and removal of organics and nutrients: An optimization study towards a cleaner production in the meat processing industry

Combined processes of biological anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and UV/H2O2 at a laboratory scale were studied to treat a synthetic slaughterhouse wastewater. In this study, the total organic carbon (TOC) loadings of 0.2–1.1 g/(L day) were used. The results revealed that combined processes had a higher efficiency to treat the synthetic slaughterhouse wastewater. Up to 95% TOC removal was obtained for an influent concentration of 973.3 mgTOC/L at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.8 days in the ABR and 3.6 h in the UV photoreactor. Meanwhile, up to 97.7% and 96.6% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD5) were observed in the ABR for the same influent concentration, respectively. Comparatively, for an influent concentration of 157.6 mgTOC/L, the UV/H2O2 process alone with the TOC loading of 0.06–1.9 g/(L h) was also studied, in which, up to 64.3%, 83.7%, and 84.3% of TOC, COD, and CBOD5 removal were observed, respectively, at the HRT of 2.5 h with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration of 529 mg/L. It was found that individual ABR and UV/H2O2 processes enhanced the biodegradability of the treated effluent by an increased CBOD5/COD ratio of 0.4 to 0.6. An optimum H2O2 dosage of 3.5 (mgH2O2)/(mgTOCin h) was also found for the UV/H2O2 process.

Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment by combined anaerobic baffled reactor and UV/H2O2 processes

Vertical distribution characteristics and interactions of polycyclic aromatic compounds and bacterial communities in contaminated soil in oil storage tank areas.

The genotoxicity, mutagenesis, and carcinogenic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives may exceed the parent PAHs. However, their influence on the soil environment has not been explored to a large extent. Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) are typical polar substituted compounds. We offer a review of the literature on the sources, quantification, incidence, toxicity, and transport of these compounds in soil. Although their environmental concentrations are lower than those of their parent compounds, they exert higher toxicity. Both types of substances are basically related to carcinogenesis. OPAHs are not enzymatically activated and can generate reactive oxygen species in biological cells, while NPAHs have been shown to be mutagenic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic. These compounds are largely derived from the transformation of PAHs, but they behave differently in soil because of their higher molecular weight and dissimilar adsorption mechanisms. Therefore, specialized knowledge of model derivatives is required. We also made recommendations for future directions based on existing research. It is expected that the review will trigger scientific discussions and provide a research basis for further study on PAH derivatives in the soil environment.

/pdf/oxygenated-and-nitrated-polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons-1ev14ljx.pdf

Oxygenated and Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Sources, Quantification, Incidence, Toxicity, and Fate in Soil—A Review Study

Bacteria, archaea and fungi usually coexist in various soil habitats and play important roles in biogeochemical cycle and remediation of contamination. Despite their significance, their combined bioassembly pattern, ecological interactions and driving factors in contaminated soils still remain obscure. To fill the gap, a systemic investigation on the characteristics of microbial community including bacteria, archaea and fungi, assembly patterns and environmental driving factors was conducted in an abandoned gas station soils which were contaminated by polycyclic aromatic compounds and potentially toxic elements for decades. The results showed that the soils were contaminated excessively by benzo[a]pyrene (0.46–2.00 mg/kg) and Dibenz[a,h]anthracene (0.37–1.30 mg/kg). Multitudinous contaminant-degrading/resistant microorganisms and unigenes were detected, indicating potential of the soils to mitigate the pollution. Compared with fungi and archaea, the bacteria had higher community diversity and were more responsive to seasonal shifts. Functional genes (nidB, nahAb, nahAa, adhP, adh, adhC, etc.) involved in biodegradation were highly enriched in summer (1.96% vs 1.80%). The co-occurrence network analysis showed summer communities exhibit a more robust network structure and positive interactions than winter communities. The fungi Neocucurbitaria, Penicillium, Fusarium, Chrysosporium, Knufia, Filobasidium, Wallemia and Rhodotorula were identified as the keystone taxa, indicating that fungi also had important positions in the interdomain molecular ecological networks of both seasons. The network topological properties and |βNTI| (66.7%–93.3% greater than 2) results indicated the deterministic assembly processes of the microbial communities in the contaminated soil. Acenaphthylene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]perylene, benzo[g,h,i]pyrene and 9-fluorenone were the key environmental factors driving the deterministic assembly processes of the interdomain microbial community in the contaminated soil. These findings extended our knowledge of interdomain microbial community assembly mechanisms and ecological patterns in natural attenuation and provide valuable guidance in associated bioremediation strategies. 

Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic compounds and potentially toxic elements contamination and corresponding interdomain microbial community assembly in soil of an abandoned gas station.

Weihua Cao

Papers

Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment by combined anaerobic baffled reactor and UV/H2O2 processes

Vertical distribution characteristics and interactions of polycyclic aromatic compounds and bacterial communities in contaminated soil in oil storage tank areas.

Oxygenated and Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Sources, Quantification, Incidence, Toxicity, and Fate in Soil—A Review Study

Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic compounds and potentially toxic elements contamination and corresponding interdomain microbial community assembly in soil of an abandoned gas station.