A scheme is proposed for determining when a psychological treatment for a specific problem or disorder may be considered to be established in efficacy or to be possibly efficacious. The importance of independent replication before a treatment is established in efficacy is emphasized, and a number of factors are elaborated that should be weighed in evaluating whether studies supporting a treatment's efficacy are sound. It is suggested that, in evaluating the benefits of a given treatment, the greatest weight should be given to efficacy trials but that these trials should be followed by research on effectiveness in clinical settings and with various populations and by cost-effectiveness research.

/pdf/defining-empirically-supported-therapies-35wqobhv41.pdf

Defining Empirically Supported Therapies

http://ny-dbt-rmphd.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/5/9/30590917/cbt-e_article_fairburn_1_.pdf

Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: a "transdiagnostic" theory and treatment.

The Scope of Body Image Disturbance - the Big Picture An Overview of Assessment and Treatment Strategies Sociocultural Theory - the Media and Society Social Comparison Processes Appearance-Related Feedback Interpersonal Factors Peers, Parents and Perfect Strangers Feminist Perspectives Sexual Abuse and Sexual Harassment Behavioural Aspects of Disturbance - Conditioning, Context and Avoidance Cognitive Processing Models Future Directions - Integrative Theories, Multidimensional Assessment and Multicomponent Interventions

Exacting Beauty: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment of Body Image Disturbance

Preventing childhood obesity has become a top priority in efforts to improve our nation’s public health. Although much research is needed to address this health crisis, it is important to approach childhood obesity with an understanding of the social stigma that obese youths face, which is pervasive and can have serious consequences for emotional and physical health. This report reviews existing research on weight stigma in children and adolescents, with attention to the nature and extent of weight bias toward obese youths and to the primary sources of stigma in their lives, including peers, educators, and parents. The authors also examine the literature on psychosocial and physical health consequences of childhood obesity to illustrate the role that weight stigma may play in mediating negative health outcomes. The authors then review stigma-reduction efforts that have been tested to improve attitudes toward obese children, and they highlight complex questions about the role of weight bias in childhood obesity prevention. With these literatures assembled, areas of research are outlined to guide efforts on weight stigma in youths, with an emphasis on the importance of studying the effect of weight stigma on physical health outcomes and identifying effective interventions to improve attitudes.

/pdf/stigma-obesity-and-the-health-of-the-nation-s-children-1y57k4qjbx.pdf

Stigma, Obesity, and the Health of the Nation's Children

Six experiments showed that being excluded or rejected caused decrements in self-regulation. In Experiment 1, participants who were led to anticipate a lonely future life were less able to make themselves consume a healthy but bad-tasting beverage. In Experiment 2, some participants were told that no one else in their group wanted to work with them, and these participants later ate more cookies than other participants. In Experiment 3, excluded participants quit sooner on a frustrating task. In Experiments 4-6, exclusion led to impairment of attention regulation as measured with a dichotic listening task. Experiments 5 and 6 further showed that decrements in self-regulation can be eliminated by offering a cash incentive or increasing self-awareness. Thus, rejected people are capable of self-regulation but are normally disinclined to make the effort.

https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/88/4/589.pdf

Social exclusion impairs self-regulation.

This informative and unusually practical text brings together original and significant contributions from leading experts from a wide variety of fields. Of major importance to clinicians are the two practical manuals that comprise the final section of this volume. The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), the major clinical interview for assessing eating disorders, is published here for the first time. It shows precisely how to elicit the key features of these disorders. The final chapter is a cognitive behavioral therapy manual written by three leading experts of this highly effective approach who draw on their own clinical experience in treating patients. This detailed manual covers all those who binge eat, including those who are overweight.

Wilson Gt

Papers

Binge eating: nature, assessment and treatment

Mind the gap: Improving the dissemination of CBT

Manual-based treatments: The clinical application of research findings

Cognitive-behavioral treatment with and without response prevention for bulimia.

Treatment of bulimia nervosa: When CBT fails