Highly porous nanostructures: Rational fabrication and promising application in energy electrocatalysis

Electrochemical CO 2 reduction to liquid multi-carbon alcohols provides a promising way for intermittent renewable energy reservation and greenhouse effect mitigation. Cu δ+ (0<δ<1) species on Cu-based electrocatalysts can produce ethanol, but the in situ formed Cu δ+ is insufficient and easily reduced to Cu 0 . Here a Cu 2 S 1-x catalyst with abundant Cu δ+ (0<δ<1) species is designedly synthesized and exhibited an ultralow overpotential of 0.19 V for ethanol production. The catalyst not only delivers outstanding ethanol selectivity of 86.9% and Faradaic efficiency of 73.3% but also provides a long-term stability of Cu δ+ , gaining an economic profit based on techno-economic analysis. The calculation and in situ spectroscopic results reveal that the abundant Cu δ+ sites own electron-donating ability, leading to the decrease of reaction barrier in the potential-determining C-C coupling step and eventually making the applied potential close to the theoretical value.

Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Ethanol at Close to Theoretical Potential via Engineering Abundant Electron-Donating Cuδ+ Species.

Single/dual-metal atoms supported on carbon matrix can be modulated by coordination structure and neighboring active sites. Precisely designing the geometric and electronic structure and uncovering the structure-property relationships of single/dual-metal atoms confront with grand challenges. Herein, this review summarizes the latest progress in microenvironment engineering of single/dual-atom active sites via a comprehensive comparison of single-atom catalyst (SACs) and dual-atom catalysts (DACs) in term of design principles, modulation strategy, and theoretical understanding of structure-performance correlations. Subsequently, recent advances in several typical electrocatalysis process are discussed to get general understanding of the reaction mechanisms on finely-tuned SACs and DACs. Finally, full-scaled summaries of the challenges and prospects are given for microenvironment engineering of SACs and DACs. This review will provide new inspiration on the development of atomically dispersed catalysts for electrocatalytic application. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Microenvironment Engineering of Single/Dual-atom Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Application.

The chemical conversion of CO2 to long-chain chemicals is considered as a highly attractive way to produce value-added organics, while the underlying reaction mechanism remains unclear. Herein, by constructing surface vacancy cluster mediated solid frustrated Lewis pair (FLP), the 100% atom-economic efficient chemical conversion of CO2 to dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is realized. By taking CeO2 as a model system, we illustrate that FLP sites can efficiently accelerate the coupling and conversion of key intermediates. As demonstrated, CeO2 with rich FLP sites show improved reaction activity and achieve a high yield of DMC up to 15.3 mmol/g. In addition, by means of synchrotron radiation in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy , combining with density functional theory calculations, the in-depth reaction mechanism on FLP site is systematically investigated, providing pioneering insights in the underlying pathway for CO2 chemical conversion to long-chain chemicals.

Atom-Economical Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from CO2: Engineering Reactive Frustrated Lewis Pairs on Ceria with Vacancy Clusters.

Converting CO2 into value-added chemicals through hydrogenation can optimize the energy structure dominated by fossil energy, effectively alleviate environmental problems, and achieve full utilization of carbon resources. However, the traditional CO2 hydrogenation reactions need to be carried out under high temperature and pressure, causing inevitable secondary pollution to the environment. A fundamental way to solve these problems is to use clean solar energy to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals and to establish an artificial carbon cycle process. In this Perspective, we highlight recent advances in photodriven CO2 conversion, including the reverse water-gas-shift reaction, methanation reaction, methanol synthesis reaction, and C2+ hydrocarbon synthesis reaction. Finally, we also discuss the challenges and future investigation opportunities for modulating the selective conversion of CO2. This Perspective offers guidance for the design of photodriven CO2 conversion or even the entire C1 catalyst chemistry for tuning product selectivity and activity.

Photodriven CO2 Hydrogenation into Diverse Products: Recent Progress and Perspective.

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction has attracted much attention for its potential application in CO2 mitigation and fuel production. During the past two decades, the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 has made considerable progress, and it has become a promising tool to answer environmental problems. However, most research into electrocatalytic CO2 reduction focuses on catalysts at the material level instead of evaluating the performance of the entire system for practical applications, which is insufficient to promote the sound development. This review emphasizes on how to rationally design an electrocatalytic CO2 reduction system. We initially demonstrate the necessity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction and establish its economic analysis, and at the same time provide an overview of representative breakthroughs in this field. Then, we combine with advanced characterization technologies to deeply understand the reaction pathways of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction at the molecular level. Furthermore, we point out how theoretical guidelines enable the rational design of high-throughput catalysts and the synergistic promotion of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction performance by optimizing the electrocatalytic interface and the reactor. Finally, we customize impartial recommendations and criteria for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to promote its healthy development. We hope to stimulate high-quality research and may see the future application of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to solve sustainable energy and environmental problems.

Rational design of electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction for a zero-carbon network.

Autoantibodies targeting the β1-adrenergic receptor (AAB-β1) display agonist-like effects, which may have a pathogenic role in the progression of heart failure. Here, we used the electrophysiological recordings to explore the effects of AAB-β1-positive serum from Chinese patients with heart failure on the activity of the peak transient outward potassium current ( ) and the end 50 ms steady-state potassium current ( ) in mouse cardiac myocytes. We found that the AAB-β1-positive serum had no effect on the activity of , but it produced a decrease in the currents of . A low concentration of positive serum (1/100) had a small inhibitory effect on . However, positive serum at 1 : 10, 1 : 20, and 1 : 50 significantly decreased . The concentration-dependence analysis showed that the EC 50 of AAB-β1-positive serum was 1/60.24 and its nH was 2.86. It indicated that the AAB-β1 could inhibit in mouse cardiomyocyte in a concentration-dependent manner.

/pdf/serum-positive-for-the-autoantibody-against-the-b-1-52qexsr5ry.pdf

Serum positive for the autoantibody against the β(1)-adrenoceptor from Chinese patients with congestive heart failure decreases I(ss) in mouse cardiac myocytes.

The continuous pack-off technology: A novel water-control method and application to offshore horizontal wells of limestone reservoir

Efficacy and safety of Fuzheng Huayu tablet on persistent advanced liver fibrosis following 2 years entecavir treatment: A single arm clinical objective performance criteria trial.

Xiao-Dong Li

Papers

Rational design of electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction for a zero-carbon network.

Serum positive for the autoantibody against the β(1)-adrenoceptor from Chinese patients with congestive heart failure decreases I(ss) in mouse cardiac myocytes.

The continuous pack-off technology: A novel water-control method and application to offshore horizontal wells of limestone reservoir

Efficacy and safety of Fuzheng Huayu tablet on persistent advanced liver fibrosis following 2 years entecavir treatment: A single arm clinical objective performance criteria trial.