Metal–Organic Frameworks for Separations

Kenji Sumida, David L. Rogow, Jarad A. Mason, Thomas M. McDonald, Eric D. Bloch, Zoey R. Herm, Tae-Hyun Bae, Jeffrey R. Long

Carbon Dioxide Capture in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Overview of membrane science and technology membrane transport theory membrane and modules concentration polarization reverse osmosis ultrafiltration microfiltration gas separation pervaporation ion exchange membrane processes - electrodialysis carrier facilitated transport medical applications of membranes other membranes processed.

Membrane Technology and Applications

A ceramic fuel cell in an all solid-state energy conversion device that produces electricity by electrochemically combining fuel and oxidant gases across an ionic conducting oxide. Current ceramic fuel cells use an oxygen-ion conductor or a proton conductor as the electrolyte and operate at high temperatures (>600°C). Ceramic fuel cells, commonly referred to as solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), are presently under development for a variety of power generation applications. This paper reviews the science and technology of ceramic fuel cells and discusses the critical issues posed by the development of this type of fuel cell. The emphasis is given to the discussion of component materials (especially, ZrO2 electrolyte, nickel/ZrO2 cermet anode, LaMnO3 cathode, and LaCrO3 interconnect), gas reactions at the electrodes, stack designs, and processing techniques used in the fabrication of required ceramic structures.

Ceramic Fuel Cells

The escalating level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is one of the most pressing environmental concerns of our age. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) from large point sources such as power plants is one option for reducing anthropogenic CO(2) emissions; however, currently the capture alone will increase the energy requirements of a plant by 25-40%. This Review highlights the challenges for capture technologies which have the greatest likelihood of reducing CO(2) emissions to the atmosphere, namely postcombustion (predominantly CO(2)/N(2) separation), precombustion (CO(2)/H(2)) capture, and natural gas sweetening (CO(2)/CH(4)). The key factor which underlies significant advancements lies in improved materials that perform the separations. In this regard, the most recent developments and emerging concepts in CO(2) separations by solvent absorption, chemical and physical adsorption, and membranes, amongst others, will be discussed, with particular attention on progress in the burgeoning field of metal-organic frameworks.

Carbon Dioxide Capture: Prospects for New Materials

Sol–gel-derived mesoporous γ-alumina granules

Pure and doped CeO2 thin films prepared by MOCVD process

Significance
Gas separation by metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes is an emerging research field. Their commercial application potential is, however, still rarely explored due in part to unsatisfied separation characteristics and difficulty in finding suitable applications. Herein, we report “sharp molecular sieving” properties of high quality isoreticular MOF-1 (IRMOF-1) membrane for CO2 separation from dry, CO2 enriched CO2/CH4, and CO2/N2 mixtures. The IRMOF-1 membranes exhibit CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation factors of 328 and 410 with CO2 permeance of 2.55 × 10−7 and 2.06 × 10−7 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 at feed pressure of 505 kPa and 298 K, respectively. High grade CO2 is efficiently produced from the industrial or lower grade CO2 feed gas by this MOF membrane separation process. The demonstrated “sharp molecular sieving” properties of the MOF membranes and their potential application in production of value-added high purity CO2 should bring new research and development interest in this field. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 3836–3841, 2016

Y.S. Lin

Papers

Sol–gel-derived mesoporous γ-alumina granules

Pure and doped CeO2 thin films prepared by MOCVD process

Metal-organic framework membrane process for high purity CO2 production

Gas permeation and separation properties of large-sheet stacked graphene oxide membranes

Sol-gel synthesis of pure and copper oxide coated mesoporous alumina granular particles