A rectangular-core large-mode-area photonic crystal fiber structure has been designed based on the principle of higher order mode filtering by introducing fluorine-doped material rods in the cladding region. The proposed structure has an effective-mode area of fundamental mode (FM) as large as 2147  μm2 at 1.064 μm with nominal loss of 1.36×10−2  dB/m and 9.34  dB/m at first higher order mode (FHOM), which confirms effective single-mode operation after ∼2.14  m propagation length. The same structure offers effective-mode area of 5688  μm2 at λ=1.55  μm with confinement loss of ∼6.3×10−2  dB/m for FM and ∼20.23  dB/m for FHOM. The loss of FHOM is above 8  dB/m from λ=1  μm to λ=1.6  μm with very small loss in FM, which offers extended single-mode operation within a broad spectral range.

Rectangular-core large-mode-area photonic crystal fiber for high power applications: design and analysis

Mid-infrared dual-rhombic air hole Ge 20 Sb 15 Se 65 chalcogenide photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high nonlinearity

In this article we propose a decagonal photonic crystal fiber (D-PCF) consisting unique cladding without structural complexity having very high birefringent of the order of 10−2, less effective area of few square microns as well as low confinement loss of the order of 10−2 dB/m at 1.55 μm wavelength. The zero dispersion wavelength is also achieved in the near infrared region. This study clearly attributes to the fact that the zero dispersion wavelength at the near infrared region, very high birefringence and low confinement loss can be adjusted according to the necessity by changing the structural parameters with considerable fabrication tolerance. This fiber can prove itself useful in laser technology, telecommunication, non-linear application, sensor technology and also in making polarization maintaining devices.

Designing of highly birefringence, dispersion shifted decagonal photonic crystal fiber with low confinement loss

Numerical analysis and comparison of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structures are presented. Full vectorial finite-element method (FEM) is employed to model and compare circular, elliptical, and square air hole-based PCF structures. The key propagation features, such as phase matching, sensitivity, resolution, and confinement loss behaviors of proposed structures, are reported. The effects of geometrical and design parameters are discussed and compared thoroughly. It is found that the sensitivity of circular air hole-based structure can reach up to 4200 nm/RIU, and the sensor resolution is 2.4  ×  10  −  5  RIU.

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Geometrical comparison of photonic crystal fiber-based surface plasmon resonance sensors

Ultrashort pulse generation at the short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelength ranges from 1.6 to 2.5 μ m and together with benefits of the all-fiber design has transformed lasers into an essential tool for industrial, technological, scientific, environmental, and medical applications. With the development of pumping sources and fiber components, ultrafast SWIR fiber lasers have drawn exceptional research and industrial attention over the last decade, resulting in the achievement of comparable performance or even surpassing well-established near-IR sources. Exceptionally compact, highly stable, cost-effective, and maintenance-free ultrafast fiber lasers operating at the SWIR range are currently well on the way to be commercially employed. This invited Perspective article gives a comprehensive overview of the most significant achievements enabling ultrafast generation at SWIR, including up-to-date gain fibers and saturable absorbers, nonlinear process, and laser architectures. This article highlights the perspectives and strategies for further maturing of the field of SWIR fiber lasers and pathways for the improvement of the performance, overcoming existing bottlenecks and challenges toward reducing pulse durations, tunability of repetition rate, and power upscaling. The advancement of the ultrafast SWIR laser development is projected until the landscape of existing technologies, driven by these ultimate sources, and potential applications, emerging on the horizon.

Short-wave IR ultrafast fiber laser systems: Current challenges and prospective applications

High birefringence rectangular-hole photonic crystal fiber

Generation of the self-similar parabolic pulses by designing comb-like profiled dispersion fiber based on alternately arranged single-mode fibers and dispersion-shifted fibers

Yan Huang

Papers

High birefringence rectangular-hole photonic crystal fiber

Generation of the self-similar parabolic pulses by designing comb-like profiled dispersion fiber based on alternately arranged single-mode fibers and dispersion-shifted fibers