A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces

The Silent Language

Anthropometry of the head and face

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/pdf/handbook-of-individual-differences-learning-and-instruction-3z4xw1epjn.pdf

Handbook of individual differences, learning, and instruction.

Objective The World Health Organization (WHO) has established a set of growth curves for use as international standards in children up to age 5. The WHO9s position is that all economically advantaged children who were breastfed as infants grow similarly. As a result, a single set of growth charts can be used to judge growth in any child, regardless of race or ethnicity. The goal of this study was to compare mean heights, weights and head circumferences from a variety of studies with the WHO9s data. Design We compared data from the WHO9s Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) with data from studies performed in 55 countries or ethnic groups. Data sources PubMed, WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition, SciELO, Google Scholar, Textbooks and Ministries of Statistics and Public Health. Eligibility criteria Large recent studies (1988–2013) of economically advantaged groups, including comparisons with cohorts of breastfed children wherever possible. Results Height varied somewhat among different national and ethnic groups. Means were generally within 0.5 of an SD of the MGRS means. Weight varied more than height, but the low MGRS means were seen as endorsing slenderness in the midst of an obesity epidemic. The mean head circumference varied widely. In many groups, means were consistently 0.5–1 SD above the MGRS mean. Head size in breastfed children at any age examined was far closer to local norms than to the MGRS means. Conclusions Height and weight curves may not be optimal fits in all cases. The differences between national or ethnic group head circumference means were large enough that using the WHO charts would put many children at risk for misdiagnosis of macrocephaly or microcephaly. Our findings indicate that the use of a single international standard for head circumference is not justified. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO (# CRD42013003675).

https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/4/1/e003735.full.pdf

Worldwide variation in human growth and the World Health Organization growth standards: a systematic review.

https://people.scs.carleton.ca/~c_shu/pdf/appliedergonomics_2010-comparison_between_chinese_and_caucasian_head_shapes.pdf

A comparison between Chinese and Caucasian head shapes

Perfect fit for people has always been a target for product design. Designers commonly use traditional anthropometric dimensions for 3D product design thus creating a lot of fitting problems when dealing with the complexities of human body shapes. The development of recent 3D anthropometric survey has created an opportunity for complex shape analysis on human model by collecting 3D scan data. Using 3D point cloud data from the SizeChina survey, a methodology of creating a homologous 3D head and face model was demonstrated in this study. Anatomical and virtual landmarks, and surface modeling algorithm based on point cloud data were applied in building the model. The head and face models for all scans had the same amount of vertices with consistent features. The average Chinese models showed obvious differences between male and female. The variations of head and face shapes were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis and the results showed that the largest variations among people were general size, especially for width and depth. However face height, forehead, back of the head, chin and jaw area were also important when describing the 3D shape. The results from this study may be useful in the design of head and facial products.

The 3D Chinese head and face modeling

Shoe-last design innovation for better shoe fitting

With the increasing complexity of control rooms and the information explosion, effective multitasking is now desired. Monochronicity and polychronicity, which describe a person's ability to do one thing and many things at a time, respectively, have been studied for a long time. However, it is not clear these abilities are related to various individual characteristics. Forty-eight Chinese participants were tested on their perception, memory, judgement, attention ability and cognitive style. They also performed a task that required search and calculation under three conditions of unpaced, paced and paced with sequencing. There were significant differences in the performance and strategy between monochronic and polychronic individuals in the selective attention test. Monochronic individuals focused their attention on the primary task and achieved higher performance. Polychronic individuals had somewhat better total performance in more than one task under time-constrained conditions. The results clearly indicate that an individual's time use behaviours ought to be considered in training and control scenarios to account for differences among people.

/pdf/the-relationship-between-monochronicity-polychronicity-and-slz59t4iwn.pdf

Yan Luximon

Papers

A comparison between Chinese and Caucasian head shapes

The 3D Chinese head and face modeling

Shoe-last design innovation for better shoe fitting

The relationship between monochronicity, polychronicity and individual characteristics

Effects of heel base size, walking speed, and slope angle on center of pressure trajectory and plantar pressure when wearing high-heeled shoes.