2.3. Evaluation of Photocatalytic Water Splitting 6507 2.3.1. Photocatalytic Activity 6507 2.3.2. Photocatalytic Stability 6507 3. UV-Active Photocatalysts for Water Splitting 6507 3.1. d0 Metal Oxide Photocatalyts 6507 3.1.1. Ti-, Zr-Based Oxides 6507 3.1.2. Nb-, Ta-Based Oxides 6514 3.1.3. W-, Mo-Based Oxides 6517 3.1.4. Other d0 Metal Oxides 6518 3.2. d10 Metal Oxide Photocatalyts 6518 3.3. f0 Metal Oxide Photocatalysts 6518 3.4. Nonoxide Photocatalysts 6518 4. Approaches to Modifying the Electronic Band Structure for Visible-Light Harvesting 6519

Semiconductor-based Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Jenny Schneider,*,† Masaya Matsuoka,‡ Masato Takeuchi,‡ Jinlong Zhang, Yu Horiuchi,‡ Masakazu Anpo,‡ and Detlef W. Bahnemann*,† †Institut fur Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universitaẗ Hannover, Callinstrasse 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany ‡Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai Osaka 599-8531, Japan Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

Understanding TiO2 photocatalysis: mechanisms and materials.

5.1. Nanoalloys of Group 11 (Cu, Ag, Au) 865 5.1.1. Cu−Ag 866 5.1.2. Cu−Au 867 5.1.3. Ag−Au 870 5.1.4. Cu−Ag−Au 872 5.2. Nanoalloys of Group 10 (Ni, Pd, Pt) 872 5.2.1. Ni−Pd 872 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +39010 3536214. Fax:+39010 311066. E-mail: ferrando@fisica.unige.it. † Universita di Genova. ‡ Argonne National Laboratory. § University of Birmingham. | As of October 1, 2007, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division. Volume 108, Number 3

Nanoalloys: From Theory to Applications of Alloy Clusters and Nanoparticles

Generations Yi Ma,† Xiuli Wang,† Yushuai Jia,† Xiaobo Chen,‡ Hongxian Han,*,† and Can Li*,† †State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China ‡Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States

Titanium dioxide-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic fuel generations.

Cerium dioxide (CeO2, ceria) is becoming an ubiquitous constituent in catalytic systems for a variety of applications. 2016 sees the 40th anniversary since ceria was first employed by Ford Motor Company as an oxygen storage component in car converters, to become in the years since its inception an irreplaceable component in three-way catalysts (TWCs). Apart from this well-established use, ceria is looming as a catalyst component for a wide range of catalytic applications. For some of these, such as fuel cells, CeO2-based materials have almost reached the market stage, while for some other catalytic reactions, such as reforming processes, photocatalysis, water-gas shift reaction, thermochemical water splitting, and organic reactions, ceria is emerging as a unique material, holding great promise for future market breakthroughs. While much knowledge about the fundamental characteristics of CeO2-based materials has already been acquired, new characterization techniques and powerful theoretical methods are dee...

Fundamentals and Catalytic Applications of CeO2-Based Materials

Immobilization of noble metal nanoparticles on the surface of TiO2 by the sonochemical method: photocatalytic production of hydrogen from an aqueous solution of ethanol.

Bimetallic nanoparticles with a Au-core/Pd-shell structure were prepared and successfully immobilized on a TiO 2 surface using sonochemical method. When immobilizing the core/shell structured bimetallic nanoparticles with a Au/Pd molar ratio of 25/75, TiO 2 showed the highest activity for the photochemical H 2 evolution from ethanol aqueous solution. The activities of other two types of photocatalysts with the same Au/Pd molar ratio, TiO 2 immobilizing the mixture of Au and Pd monometallic nanoparticle, and TiO 2 immobilizing Au/Pd random alloy nanoparticles wherein Au and Pd atoms homogeneously located, were also evaluated. The dependence of the photocatalytic activities on the nanostructures of the immobilized bimetals was confirmed.

Dependence of photocatalytic activities upon the structures of Au/Pd bimetallic nanoparticles immobilized on TiO2 surface

Sonochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles on chitosan

This paper presents valuable evidence in support of the removal of a contaminant hydrocarbon layer adsorbed on photocatalytic TiO2 film by the latter’s photo-oxidization. UV light was radiated on an anodic TiO2 film in an atmosphere-controlled chamber, and the film was then transferred to an ultrahigh-vacuum chamber for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis; during the transfer, care was taken to ensure that the film was not exposed to air. This “in situ” setting eliminates the influence of carbon and water adsorptions during the transfer, thus enabling the accurate analysis of the UV-induced surface reaction. The spectral and quantitative results clearly revealed that the adsorbed hydrocarbon was removed from the photocatalytic TiO2 film when the film was irradiated in an oxygen atmosphere. Such removal occurs only in the case of TiO2 films that exhibit superhydrophilicity. This indicates that the removal of hydrocarbon is dependent on the UV-induced hydrophilicity on the film. In situ XPS mea...

Hydrocarbon decomposition on a hydrophilic TiO2 surface by UV irradiation: spectral and quantitative analysis using in-situ XPS technique.

Anodic oxides on pure titanium provide rutile-structured TiO2 photocatalysts with sub-micron pores. The photocatalysts effectively bleached methylene blue aqueous solution under visible light illumination with wavelengths longer than 413 nm. Auger electron spectroscopy and infrared absorption analyses revealed the presence of sulfur in the anodized oxide. The sulfur doping appears to play an important role in response to visible light by narrowing the band gap of pristine TiO2.

Yoshiteru Mizukoshi

Papers

Immobilization of noble metal nanoparticles on the surface of TiO2 by the sonochemical method: photocatalytic production of hydrogen from an aqueous solution of ethanol.

Dependence of photocatalytic activities upon the structures of Au/Pd bimetallic nanoparticles immobilized on TiO2 surface

Sonochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles on chitosan

Hydrocarbon decomposition on a hydrophilic TiO2 surface by UV irradiation: spectral and quantitative analysis using in-situ XPS technique.

Visible light responses of sulfur-doped rutile titanium dioxide photocatalysts fabricated by anodic oxidation