Both the consumer’s corporate social responsibility association and enterprise production capacity association are beneficial to business sustainable development. Based on Chinese traditional culture and from the perspective of Stereotype Content Model, this paper explores the relationship between two types of entrepreneur-related Word-of-mouth (WOM) and the two afore-mentioned types of consumer’s associations. On the one hand, the results show that the entrepreneur-related WOM labeled as “making yourself a person”, which emphasizes the personal qualities of the entrepreneur, may prompt consumers to form corporate social responsibility associations. On the other hand, the entrepreneur-related WOM labeled as “managing your own affairs”, which emphasizes the ability of the entrepreneur, may cause consumers to form associations regarding the enterprise’s production capacity. The mechanism underlying these effects is that the former type of entrepreneur-related WOM stimulates the consumer’s perception of the entrepreneur’s warmth, while the latter stimulates the consumer’s perception of the entrepreneur’s competence.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/6/1737/pdf

The Influence of Internet Entrepreneur-Related Word-of-Mouth (WOM) on Corporate Image Association

Purpose Prior work suggests that responsibility is negatively associated with employee procrastination behavior. Based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, we suggest this view is oversimplified and propose that procrastination can be induced when employees have congruent job and family responsibilities via the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion. Methods This is a quantitative study of the configurational approach. Survey data were collected from 323 employees at two stages in southern Chinese internet enterprises in September 2020. A randomized cluster sample was used and an anonymous self-assessment questionnaire was distributed to all selected respondents (employees). Samples involved different departments, and the procrastination phenomenon is more significant among them. SPSS20.2 and MPLUS 8.3 software and Response Surface Analysis Strategy were used to test the hypotheses. Results The data analysis results indicated that: a) employee procrastination behavior is higher when employees’ job responsibility and family responsibility are congruent than the incongruent configurations. b) Procrastination is lower when job-family dyads are congruent at high levels of responsibility compared the low levels. c) Procrastination decreases as employees’ job and family responsibilities become more discrepant (ie, incongruent); employees with low job-high family responsibilities procrastinate more than those with high job-low family responsibilities. d) Additionally, employee-experienced emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship in four configurations between job-family responsibilities congruence and procrastination behavior. Conclusion Drawing on the conservation of resources theory, we proposed a model clarifying how varying combinations of job and family responsibilities affect employee procrastination behavior. The results showed that there are significant differences in the impact of different job-family responsibility combinations on employee procrastination behavior. Employee procrastination behavior is higher when employees’ job-family responsibility are congruent than the incongruent configurations. Additionally, employee-experienced emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship in four configurations between job-family responsibilities congruence and procrastination behavior.

Excess and Defect: How Job-Family Responsibilities Congruence Effect the Employee Procrastination Behavior

Procrastination in the academic institution is not new since it prevails from students even to staff. This might create problems, especially in the individual’s output. This study analyzed the relationship, procrastination level, and the work productivity of academic staff from a tertiary education institution in Central Luzon, Philippines. Using a convenience sampling technique, 70 academic staff took part in the survey. This study used a descriptive-correlational design with an adapted questionnaire from McCloskey (2011) and Buuri (2015) as an instrument. For the statistical analysis, the study used SPSS 23 to analyze the gathered data. The study found that the academic staff “often” subject themselves to procrastination, and they “agree” that they are productive in their work. There were significant differences found in the procrastination level and work productivity of the academic staff when grouped according to sex, civil status, and years in service. In terms of relationship, the study confirmed a low direct relationship between the level of procrastination and work productivity of the academic staff. Based on the aforementioned results, the researcher provided some implications for the institution to consider.

/pdf/procrastination-and-work-productivity-of-academic-staff-2gg1qx0imu.pdf

Procrastination and Work Productivity of Academic Staff: Implications to the Institution

Behavioral economics has tried to explain the economic and financial decisions of the individuals. It has been used to understand the economic perceptions and attitudes of vulnerable groups; however, for indigenous peoples, especially in Latin America, there are unresolved issues. Thus, from an intercultural perspective, this research examines the association between the economic attitude and the perception of poverty through the comparison of a sample of intercultural college students from different ethnic groups in Mexico. For this reason, a quantitative, descriptive and correlational research was carried out with a non-experimental design from a sample of 207 intercultural college students. Two research questions were raised, the questions were tested by Pearson correlation and linear regression. Attribution theory was analyzed to assess the association between the economic attitude and the perception of poverty in intercultural students. It was found that the economic attitude is related to the perception of poverty, because the students presented attitudes of financial optimism oriented towards the structural causes of poverty. Consequently, the model of an intercultural university could benefit the development of indigenous communities, through a pedagogy oriented towards the creation of significant economic attitudes.

/pdf/economic-attitudes-and-perceptions-of-poverty-in-indigenous-15z287eob6.pdf

Economic Attitudes and Perceptions of Poverty in Indigenous College Students in Mexico from the Intercultural Approach.

Author Address 1. PhD student of Educational Psychology, Psychology Department, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran; 2. Assistant Professor of Psychology Department, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran; 3. Assistant Professor of Psychology Department, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran. *Corresponding Author Email: mozhgan.arefi@yahoo.com

Time Perspective Training Package on Balancing Time and Anxiety of Students

Time Perspective as a Predictor of Procrastination

Small business is supposed to be the driver of economies. The pressing problem of involving young people in entrepreneurship could be resolved within the theory of “personal helplessness – self-reliance”, which are considered to be the poles of one continuum. Personal helplessness refers to a personal complex characteristic involving a low level of ability to transform reality, to control events of one’s own life, to set and reach goals, and to overcome difficulties (D. Tsiring 2010). To test the idea of the influence of “personal helplessness – self-reliance” on individuals’ choice of professional activity, we studied this phenomenon in groups of entrepreneurs (N = 30) and civil servants (N = 30) and then compared the results. The comparison revealed business owners to be more close to the pole of self-reliance: they are more purposeful, creative, and independent, and they are less aggressive and susceptible; they have a higher behavior censorship and an internal locus of control. However, Russian entrepreneurs are more pessimistic: they perceive “bad” events as permanent, and they do not expect future changes for the better, which is considered to be an indicator of personal helplessness. Moreover, it was revealed that the motivational component of “personal helplessness – self-reliance” (autonomy and internality) influenced the choice of entrepreneurial career the most. Further theoretical applications are discussed, and recommendations for the entrepreneurial career choice are proposed.

Personal helplessness and self-reliance as predictors of small business development in Russia: pilot study results

The aging society faced by many countries, can have a significant impact on employment, savings, consumption, economic growth, and fiscal balance. It is promising to consider the problems of an aging society through the prism of the effective economic socialization of the older generation, which allows ones to extend the working capacity, health and well-being of pensioners. Late economic socialization is understood as a process and result of a person's re-interpretation of the economic reality, acknowledged by changes in economic mind and behavior at the retirement as a new social status (Chestyunina & Zabelina, 2019). Factors that affect the effectiveness of the late economic socialization have not been sufficiently studied. This study seeks to fill this gap by the qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with pensioners living in different parts of the country (in the capital and in the industrial city). 12 respondents were interviewed in Moscow and 9 respondents in Chelyabinsk. Thematic analysis was used to systematize and analyze data. Despite the difference in living standards in the capital and the region, most pensioners in both groups are satisfied with their income level. An analysis of the distribution of daily financial spending and savings goals suggests that pensioners in the capital have a wider range of life needs and opportunities than in the region. Similarities in purchasing behavior among pensioners in the center of the country and on the periphery, as well as a relatively low level of consumer activity were found. A different attitude to loans was recorded among the respondents in different parts of the country. If in the region almost 100% of the respondents view loans sharply negatively, then in Moscow there are only half of such pensioners, the rest perceive the loan as normal fact and support it as an opportunity to purchase expensive goods. Plans for the future of Moscow pensioners are more diverse and include ambitious economic goals: to get an apartment in turn, to exchange an apartment, to close a mortgage. Only a small part of the respondents in Chelyabinsk (22%) set economic goals in the future, and they are associated with the continuation of employment. In addition, some of the opinions about the future in this group are very pessimistic. Pensioners in Moscow put money at a lower place in the value system than respondents in the region, which indicates a greater satisfaction with the material needs of pensioners in the capital. Representations about an ideal life in retirement are concentrated on issues of financial independence among Moscow respondents. For the pensioners in the region, besides wealth, health and a sense of stability play an important role. The criteria for an economically successful person are more blurred and uncertain in the group of the pensioners in the capital. The results indicate a regional specificity of the late economic socialization. The prospects for investigating the identified differences in the quantitative study are discussed.

Late Economic Socialization: Regional Dimension

The study is related to the problem of aging society and its consequences. The lack of the studies of the economic behavior of the retirees has determined the purpose of this work - to identify strategies for late economic socialization and their determinants (in terms of individual traits). To achieve the goal, a survey method was used, as well as factor and regression types of statistical analysis. The study (n=332) was conducted in two regions of Russia: Chelyabinsk (n=210, average age 65.8 years, 47% men) and Moscow (n=132, average age 62.1 years, 41% men). It was found that the retirees of these cities have differences. In the group of the retirees of Chelyabinsk, the most common strategy is economic activity based on the desire for financial status, than a strategy of confidence in the future thanks to savings based on financial literacy comes, as well as an employee strategy and a restrictive strategy ("living within one’s means"). A restrictive strategy and a strategy of an "employee" were not revealed on the material of the Moscow retiree sample. Willingness to continue working in this sample is connected with the desire to maintain one’s financial status and achieve new economic goals. Individual strategies of late economic socialization in both cities are comprehensively determined by the characteristics of different levels of individuality (gender, age, working and family statuses, life values, and temporal focus).

https://journals.udsu.ru/philosophy-psychology-pedagogy/article/download/7197/6351

Yu. Chestyunina

Papers

Time Perspective as a Predictor of Procrastination

Personal helplessness and self-reliance as predictors of small business development in Russia: pilot study results

Late Economic Socialization: Regional Dimension

Individual strategies of late economic socialization and their determinants