A review on regulations, current status, effects and reduction strategies of emissions for marine diesel engines

Flue gas treatment with ozone oxidation: An overview on NOx, organic pollutants, and mercury

There has been mounting concerns over energy consumption and environmental impacts due to an increase in worldwide shipping activities. The International Maritime Organization has adopted regulations to impose limits on greenhouse gas emissions originated from fuel combustion of marine vessels. Such regulations are introduced in terms of energy efficiency design index and energy efficiency operational indicator. Extensive electrification of ship propulsion and shipboard power systems has been vastly proposed in the literature to make onboard energy systems more efficient. However, energy efficiency in the context of maritime transport is becoming even more stringent. Various technologies and operational practices therefore are being proposed to ensure full compliance with the tightening restrictions. The methods to increase energy efficiency and environmental performance of all-electric ships to satisfy such requirements involve integration of energy storage with a contribution of intelligent power management to optimize power split between various power generation sources; a tendency toward DC power distribution due to eliminating the need of all generators to be synchronized at a specific frequency; installation of unconventional propulsors for greater maneuverability requirements while keeping fuel consumption low; adoption of low carbon content fuel like liquefied natural gas for dual fuel diesel electric propulsion; establishment of onboard renewable energy systems for alternative clean power options; fuel cell integration in complementary operation with conventional diesel generators. This paper identifies promising technologies and practices that are applicable to onboard energy systems of all-electric ships and also reveals energy efficiency sensitivity of all-electric ships to different applications. The proposed strategies should be eventually combined with alternative technology-based and operational-based measures as implemented on conventional propulsion ships in order to realize full potential for energy efficient operation.

Energy efficiency of integrated electric propulsion for ships – A review

A review of NOx and SOx emission reduction technologies for marine diesel engines and the potential evaluation of liquefied natural gas fuelled vessels

This paper aims at presenting an extensive review of waste heat recovery (WHR) from the marine engine with highly efficient bottoming power cycles which include the steam Rankine cycle, organic Rankine cycle, Kalina cycle and CO2-based power cycles. After detailed introductions and comparisons of the bottoming power cycles, the design and selection of system components are reviewed. An in-depth survey of the WHR systems operating under off-design conditions is then conducted, followed by a summary of technoeconomic evaluation. Finally, challenges and opportunities of integrating the WHR systems with other emission reduction technologies are discussed. According to the literature, trade-offs between working fluid characteristics, cycle configuration, size, cost and WHR potential should be made in designing an optimal bottoming power cycle, and fuel savings ranging from 4% to 15% can be expected. The payback time of installing a bottoming WHR system lies typically in the range from 3 to 8 years, depending on the fuel price, ship type, heat and power demands and component costs. The high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation technology is superior to other NOx reduction technologies due to its high potential of recovering waste heat from the high-temperature recirculated gas. Ship's operational profiles, engine tuning and slow steaming as well as other emission reduction technologies are recommended to be fully considered for future research on WHR systems.

A review of waste heat recovery from the marine engine with highly efficient bottoming power cycles

Thermodynamic analysis and performance optimization of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle combined with the Kalina cycle for waste heat recovery from a marine low-speed diesel engine

Chemical composition and size distribution of particulate matters from marine diesel engines with different fuel oils

Research of NOx reduction on a low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engine by using EGR (exhaust gas recirculation)–CB (cylinder bypass) and EGB (exhaust gas bypass)

Evaluation of Miller cycle and fuel injection direction strategies for low NOx emission in marine two-stroke engine

Design and Thermodynamics Analysis of Marine Dual Fuel Low Speed Engine with Methane Reforming Integrated High Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation System

Yuanqing Zhu

Papers

Thermodynamic analysis and performance optimization of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle combined with the Kalina cycle for waste heat recovery from a marine low-speed diesel engine

Chemical composition and size distribution of particulate matters from marine diesel engines with different fuel oils

Research of NOx reduction on a low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engine by using EGR (exhaust gas recirculation)–CB (cylinder bypass) and EGB (exhaust gas bypass)

Evaluation of Miller cycle and fuel injection direction strategies for low NOx emission in marine two-stroke engine

Design and Thermodynamics Analysis of Marine Dual Fuel Low Speed Engine with Methane Reforming Integrated High Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation System