THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future

http://sealight.persiangig.com/document/1.pdf

Use of iron oxide nanomaterials in wastewater treatment: a review.

Bacterial biosorbents and biosorption

The important life-supporting role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has evolved from bacteria to plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, and finally to mammals. Over the centuries, however, H2S had only been known for its toxicity and environmental hazard. Physiological importance of H2S has been appreciated for about a decade. It started by the discovery of endogenous H2S production in mammalian cells and gained momentum by typifying this gasotransmitter with a variety of physiological functions. The H2S-catalyzing enzymes are differentially expressed in cardiovascular, neuronal, immune, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, reproductive, liver, and endocrine systems and affect the functions of these systems through the production of H2S. The physiological functions of H2S are mediated by different molecular targets, such as different ion channels and signaling proteins. Alternations of H2S metabolism lead to an array of pathological disturbances in the form of hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, diabetes...

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Physiological Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide: A Whiff Exploration That Blossomed

Pleurotus ostreatus was modified by tartaric acid and used as a biosorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by the modified P. ostreatus was 2 to 2.5 times higher than by pristine P. ostreatus. FTIR and XPS analysis indicated that carboxyl and amino groups were the major functional groups for Cr(VI) sorption. Batch sorption experiments were carried out to investigate the characteristic adsorption behavior of MPOD. Experimental data fitted a pseudo-second order equation and the Freundlich isotherm. The optimum biosorption was observed at pH 2.0 with the biosorption capacity was 99.66 mg g−1. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The present results confirmed that electrostatic attraction and complexation were involved in Cr(VI) removal. Modified P. ostreatus has the characteristics of simplicity and obvious effects for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution.

Tartaric acid modified Pleurotus ostreatus for enhanced removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution: characteristics and mechanisms

Is resilience capacity index of Chinese region performing well? Evidence from 26 provinces

The removal of 17β-estradiol (E2) from contaminated water on nanoscale Fe–Mn binary oxide-loaded multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs/FMBO) was evaluated in this work. The characterizations of the mesoporous adsorbent were analyzed by using SEM, TEM, VSM, XRD, XPS, and FTIR measurements. The effects of experimental conditions in E2 removal, including stabilizer additional level, adsorption time, initial E2 concentration, solution pH, reaction temperature, and foreign ions, were examined. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (qm) of MWCNTs/FMBO for E2 in the experiment was 47.25 mg/g as verified by the Langmuir sorption isotherm study. The adsorption process was pH-sensitive with an optimum pH of 7.0. On the kinetics study, the adsorption data could be satisfactorily fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermal. In addition, the foreign ions did not show any noticeable inhibition for E2 removal from the water solution except for PO43− that was adversely affected for E2 uptake than other anions in a certain concentration. The adsorption capacities of the mesoporous adsorbent remained at 86.16% even after five adsorption–desorption cycles without significant loss of capacity, which demonstrated the stability and reusability for further removal of E2. Moreover, both hydrogen bond and π–π interaction might be the dominating adsorption mechanisms for E2 adsorption onto MWCNTs/FMBO.

Adsorption studies of 17β-estradiol from aqueous solution using a novel stabilized Fe–Mn binary oxide nanocomposite

The acute toxicity of divalent mercury ion to Anguilla japonica from seawater and freshwater aquaculture was assessed. In particular, the effects of toxicity on the microstructures of the gill and liver tissues were examined using the hydrostatic method, without feeding, at a water temperature of 20 °C. The median lethal concentrations (LC50) of divalent mercury ion to fishes in seawater and freshwater over various durations were: 24 h = 1.637 and 1.428 mg/L; 48 h = 1.562 and 1.377 mg/L; 72 h = 1.530 and 1.284 mg/L; and 96 h = 1.442 and 1.228 mg/L. The safety mass concentrations were 0.1442 and 0.01228 mg/L, respectively. After exposure to divalent mercury ion, adhesion between the gill lamellae and massive cellular disintegration and necrotic shedding were observed in the gill tissue sections. The liver tissues underwent hyperemia and swelling, with the appearance of blood spots, swelling of the hepatocyte mitochondria, dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and intercellular inflation.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/11/1965/pdf

Acute Toxicity of Divalent Mercury Ion to Anguilla japonica from Seawater and Freshwater Aquaculture and Its Effects on Tissue Structure.

Heavy metals–organics mixture pollution is increasingly concerned and simultaneous removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals is becoming significant. In this study, a strain was isolated from the sediment of a tannery effluent outfalls, which can remove o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) and Cr(VI) simultaneously. The bacterial isolate was identified as Serratia marcescens by the 16S rRNA gene sequences. The strain removed about 90% of o-DCB and more than 80% of Cr(VI) at the concentration of 1.29 g L−1 o-DCB and 20 mg L−1 Cr(VI). In the presence of concomitant pollutant o-DCB, the optimal pH (8.0) and temperature (30 °C) were determined for Cr(VI) removal. Changes of the bacterial cells and intracellular black Cr(III) sediments were observed by the TEM auxiliary analysis. The results of the FTIR spectroscopy analysis indicated that hydroxyl, amide and polysaccharides were involved in the process of Cr(VI) removal.

Yunguo Liu

Papers

Tartaric acid modified Pleurotus ostreatus for enhanced removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution: characteristics and mechanisms

Is resilience capacity index of Chinese region performing well? Evidence from 26 provinces

Adsorption studies of 17β-estradiol from aqueous solution using a novel stabilized Fe–Mn binary oxide nanocomposite

Acute Toxicity of Divalent Mercury Ion to Anguilla japonica from Seawater and Freshwater Aquaculture and Its Effects on Tissue Structure.

Simultaneous removal of hexavalent chromium and o-dichlorobenzene by isolated Serratia marcescens ZD-9