Molecular imprinting technology (MIT), often described as a method of making a molecular lock to match a molecular key, is a technique for the creation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with tailor-made binding sites complementary to the template molecules in shape, size and functional groups. Owing to their unique features of structure predictability, recognition specificity and application universality, MIPs have found a wide range of applications in various fields. Herein, we propose to comprehensively review the recent advances in molecular imprinting including versatile perspectives and applications, concerning novel preparation technologies and strategies of MIT, and highlight the applications of MIPs. The fundamentals of MIPs involving essential elements, preparation procedures and characterization methods are briefly outlined. Smart MIT for MIPs is especially highlighted including ingenious MIT (surface imprinting, nanoimprinting, etc.), special strategies of MIT (dummy imprinting, segment imprinting, etc.) and stimuli-responsive MIT (single/dual/multi-responsive technology). By virtue of smart MIT, new formatted MIPs gain popularity for versatile applications, including sample pretreatment/chromatographic separation (solid phase extraction, monolithic column chromatography, etc.) and chemical/biological sensing (electrochemical sensing, fluorescence sensing, etc.). Finally, we propose the remaining challenges and future perspectives to accelerate the development of MIT, and to utilize it for further developing versatile MIPs with a wide range of applications (650 references).

http://ir.yic.ac.cn/bitstream/133337/17045/1/Molecular%20imprinting%20perspectives%20and%20applications.pdf

Molecular imprinting: perspectives and applications

Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, rev ...

Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011.

Critical overview of selected contemporary sample preparation techniques.

Beyond dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

An extensive critical evaluation of the application of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with chromatographic and atomic-spectroscopic methods for the determination of organic and inorganic compounds is presented. The review emphasizes the procedures used for the prior treatment of food samples, which are very different from the DLLME procedures generally proposed for water samples. The main contribution of this work in the field of DLLME reviews is its critical review of the abundant literature showing the increasing interest and practical advantages of using DLLME and closely related microextraction techniques for food analysis.

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction in food analysis. A critical review

Determination of clenbuterol in porcine tissues using solid-phase extraction combined with ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and HPLC-UV detection.

Molecularly imprinted microspheres as SPE sorbent for selective extraction of four Sudan dyes in catsup products.

A highly selective molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) combined with liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection was developed for the simultaneous isolation and determination of four Sudan dyes (I, II, III and IV) in egg-yolk products. The imprinted microspheres synthesized by suspension polymerization using phenylamine–naphthol as mimic template show high selectivity and affinity to the four kinds of Sudan dyes and were successfully applied as selective sorbents of solid-phase extraction for the simultaneous determination of the four Sudans from egg-yolk samples. Good linearity was obtained in a range of 0.062–10 μg g−1 and the average recoveries of the four Sudans at three spiked levels ranged from 94.1 to 102.5% with the relative standard deviations less than 5.8%. The developed extraction protocol eliminated the effect of template leakage on quantitative analysis and could be applied for the determination of Sudans in complicated food samples.

Simultaneous Determination of Four Sudan Dyes in Egg Yolks by Molecularly Imprinted SPE Coupled with LC-UV Detection

Heated-mandrel winding is the main process of modern composite material molding because of its characteristics of winding and curing in one step. Winding tension is a key factor in the molding process and has an important impact on the molding effect. Excessive winding tension will cause the inner looseness and outer tightening, and too small winding tension will cause the outer looseness and inner tightening. In short, the stratification will occur during the curing as long as the winding tension value is not set properly, which will seriously affect the molding quality of composite materials. The tension system of single winding process is difficult to apply to the heated-mandrel winding process because winding and curing are separate in the traditional single winding process, there is no need to consider the diversification of parameter state caused by curing reaction in winding process. In the heated-mandrel process, the balance of forces between adjacent layers is broken, the stress changes in adjacent layers affected by the temperature field are considered during winding. The tension values are obtained by adopting the tension system model established in this paper and the traditional finite element iterative search calculation method is replaced by numerical analysis method. An analytical algorithm for the method of winding with tension as the interference fit of the thin layers is adopted in the calculation procedures and the nonlinear tension solution problem is converted into a linear displacement-stress calculation problem. The lengthy and complicated traditional tension calculation method is simplified.

Yuru Geng

Papers

Determination of clenbuterol in porcine tissues using solid-phase extraction combined with ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and HPLC-UV detection.

Molecularly imprinted microspheres as SPE sorbent for selective extraction of four Sudan dyes in catsup products.

Simultaneous Determination of Four Sudan Dyes in Egg Yolks by Molecularly Imprinted SPE Coupled with LC-UV Detection

Tension system design based on heated-mandrel winding process