Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a feed point of a dielectric antenna, electromagnetic waves from a dielectric core coupled to the feed point without an electrical return path, where at least a portion of the dielectric antenna comprises a conductive surface, directing, by the feed point, the electromagnetic waves to a proximal portion of the dielectric antenna, and radiating, via an aperture of the dielectric antenna, a wireless signal responsive to the electromagnetic waves being received at the aperture. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a system that performs operations including receiving electromagnetic waves on an outer surface of a transmission medium having a non-hybrid wave mode and a cutoff frequency, detecting a degradation of a signal quality of the electromagnetic waves, generating adjusted electromagnetic waves having a hybrid wave mode and a non-optical frequency range responsive to the detecting, and directing the adjusted electromagnetic waves having the hybrid wave mode and the non-optical frequency range to the outer surface of the transmission medium for guiding propagation of the adjusted electromagnetic waves without utilizing an electrical return path. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, generating first traffic for transmitting along a network path to a recipient device and transmitting the first traffic along the network path to remove traffic patterns associated with a premises. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for providing security using network traffic adjustments

This paper presents a novel method for designing Gysel power dividers with arbitrary power-division ratios as well as filtering responses. A coupling structure is utilized to replace the quarter-wavelength microstrip line in the power divider. By altering the coupling strength, the power ratio can be arbitrarily controlled with the highest ratio of 10:1. Furthermore, the coupling structures enable the filtering function of the power divider. Two transmission zeros are created near the passband edges, resulting in high-selectivity quasi-elliptic responses. Theoretical analysis is carried out, and closed-form equations are derived based on circuit theory and transmission line theory. For demonstration, three filtering Gysel power dividers are implemented with different power-division ratios (1:1, 3:1, and 10:1). In all of these circuits, power splitting and bandpass filtering functions are observed with good performance. Comparisons of the measured and simulated results are presented to verify the theoretical predications.

Gysel Power Divider With Arbitrary Power Ratios and Filtering Responses Using Coupling Structure

A Ku-band 200-W pulsed solid-state power amplifier has been presented and designed by using a hybrid radial-/rectangular-waveguide spatially power-combining technique. The hybrid radial-/rectangular-waveguide power-dividing/power-combining circuit employed in this design provides not only a high power-combining efficiency over a wide bandwidth but also efficient heat sinking for the active power devices. A simple design approach of the presented power-dividing/power-combining structure has been developed. The measured small-signal gain of the pulsed power amplifier is about 51.3 dB over the operating frequency range, while the measured maximum output power at 1-dB compression is 209 W at 13.9 GHz, with an active power-combining efficiency of about 91%. Furthermore, the active power-combining efficiency is greater than 82% from 13.75 to 14.5 GHz.

Ku-band 200-W Pulsed Power Amplifier Based on Waveguide Spatially Power-Combining Technique for Industrial Applications

Two new wideband four-way out-of-phase slotline power dividers are proposed in this paper. The half-wavelength slotlines are employed to construct the presented compact power dividers. Based on the proposed power-dividing circuit, a four-way power divider is implemented with compact size and simple structure. To obtain high isolation among the four output ports and good output impedance matching, another four-way out-of-phase slotline power divider with improved isolation performance is designed by introducing an air-bridge resistor and two slotlines with isolation resistors. The simulated and measured results of the proposed power dividers demonstrate reasonable performance of impedance matching, insertion loss, amplitude balancing, and isolation among the output ports.

Wideband Four-Way Out-of-Phase Slotline Power Dividers

A planar 4-way power divider with bandpass filtering response based on the coupled line is presented. Its frequency response is similar to a coupled line filter. Moreover, open stubs are utilized to get good frequency selectivity by introducing transmission zeros and improve input match. Three isolation resistors are used to satisfy both transmission and isolation property. The equivalent even- and odd-mode circuits of the power divider are analyzed, while the design equations are derived. Comparison of the measured and simulated results is presented to verify the theoretical predications.

Wideband Four-Way Filtering-Response Power Divider With Improved Output Isolation Based on Coupled Lines

A triple-band bandpass filter with good selectivity based on modified grounded stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) is presented. The fundamental and first higher order resonances of the two $\lambda/4$ grounded SIRs are utilized to obtain dual-band response. Moreover, bandwidths of the two passbands can be controlled by tuning the distance between the two grounded vias. Owing to the use of two $\lambda/2$ fork resonators, another passband can be realized without increasing additional feedlines, which can be designed independently while other passbands are not affected. Several transmission zeros (TZs) are generated on each side of the passbands to obtain good selectivity. The $\lambda/4$ SIRs are embedded inside of the $\lambda/2$ fork resonators to realize miniaturization. The measurement and simulation results show good agreement.

Miniaturized Triple-Band Bandpass Filter Using Coupled Lines and Grounded Stepped Impedance Resonators

A novel miniaturised dual-band bandpass filter using a single modified stepped impedance resonator (SIR) is presented. Some different shaped slots cutting on the middle patch of the SIR are adopted to improve the return loss in the two passbands and control the resonant frequencies. Meanwhile, the impedance ratio can be changed by changing L or W to tune the resonant frequencies. To improve the selectivity and achieve a high out-of-band rejection, source-load coupling is utilised. The simulated and measured results are presented and show good agreement.

Miniaturised dual-band bandpass filter using modified SIR

A novel ultra-wideband (UWB) power divider with bandpass-filtering frequency response has been presented. The shorted-end coupled lines and the open/short-circuit slotlines are introduced to this presented power divider. An isolation resistor R is located across the slotline for improving the isolation between the output ports of the power divider. Based on even and odd mode analysis, an analytical model of the presented power divider structure has also been proposed. An UWB power divider with passband response has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results verify the predicted attractive features. It can be seen that the presented UWB power divider can not only divide/combine the power of microwave signals, but also reject unwanted frequency signals to better regulate the UWB performance.

Yuxia Mo

Papers

Wideband Four-Way Out-of-Phase Slotline Power Dividers

Wideband Four-Way Filtering-Response Power Divider With Improved Output Isolation Based on Coupled Lines

Miniaturized Triple-Band Bandpass Filter Using Coupled Lines and Grounded Stepped Impedance Resonators

Miniaturised dual-band bandpass filter using modified SIR

Ultra-wideband (UWB) power divider with filtering response using shorted-end coupled lines and open/short-circuit slotlines