The aim of this critical review is to provide a broad but digestible overview of mechanochemical synthesis, i.e. reactions conducted by grinding solid reactants together with no or minimal solvent. Although mechanochemistry has historically been a sideline approach to synthesis it may soon move into the mainstream because it is increasingly apparent that it can be practical, and even advantageous, and because of the opportunities it provides for developing more sustainable methods. Concentrating on recent advances, this article covers industrial aspects, inorganic materials, organic synthesis, cocrystallisation, pharmaceutical aspects, metal complexes (including metal–organic frameworks), supramolecular aspects and characterization methods. The historical development, mechanistic aspects, limitations and opportunities are also discussed (314 references).

/pdf/mechanochemistry-opportunities-for-new-and-cleaner-synthesis-15fcwynvnd.pdf

Mechanochemistry: opportunities for new and cleaner synthesis

Phase change materials for thermal energy storage

https://www.umsl.edu/~chickosj/JSCPUBS/dsccal.pdf

Reference materials for calorimetry and differential thermal analysis

Ionic Liquids-Based Extraction: A Promising Strategy for theAdvanced Nuclear Fuel Cycle Xiaoqi Sun, Huimin Luo, and Sheng Dai* Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, United States State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China

Ionic Liquids-Based Extraction: A Promising Strategy for the Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycle

Microencapsulation of phase change materials (PCMs) is an effective way of enhancing their thermal conductivity and preventing possible interaction with the surrounding and leakage during the melting process, where there is no complete overview of the several methods and techniques for microencapsulation of different kinds of PCMs that leads to microcapsules with different morphology, structure, and thermal properties. In this paper, microencapsulation methods are perused and classified into three categories, i.e. physical, physic-chemical, and chemical methods. It summarizes the techniques used for microencapsulation of PCMs and hence provides a useful tool for the researchers working in this area. Among all the microencapsulation methods, the most common methods described in the literature for the production of microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) are interfacial polymerization, suspension polymerization, coacervation, emulsion polymerization, and spray drying.

A review of microencapsulation methods of phase change materials (PCMs) as a thermal energy storage (TES) medium

The heat capacities (Cp) of three types of gasohol (which consisted of 20 wt % ethanol and 80 wt % unleaded gasoline 93# (system S1), 30 wt % ethanol and 70 wt % unleaded gasoline 93# (system S2), 40 wt % ethanol and 60 wt % unleaded gasoline 93# (system S3), where “93#” denotes the octane number) were measured by adiabatic calorimetry in the temperature range of 80−320 K. A glass transition was observed at 94.24, 95.15, and 95.44 K for system S1, S2, and S3, respectively. A solid−solid phase transition and solid−liquid phase transition were observed at 135.18 and 151.30 K for system S1, 131.82 and 152.10 K for system S2, and 121.29 and 155.09 K for S3, respectively. The polynomial equations for Cp, with respect to the thermodynamic temperature (T), and with respect to the content of ethanol (x), were established through the least-squares fitting. The thermodynamic functions and the excess thermodynamic functions of the three samples were derived using these thermodynamic relationships and equations.

Thermodynamic Investigation on Properties of Gasohol

Low-temperature heat capacity and thermal decomposition of crystalline [Er2(His.H+)(H2O)8](ClO4)6 .4H2O

The molar heat capacity C
 p,m of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic anhydride was measured in the temperature range from T=80 to 390 K with a small sample automated adiabatic calorimeter. The melting point T
 m, the molar enthalpy Δfus
 H
 m and the entropy Δfus
 S
 m of fusion for the compound were determined to be 303.80 K, 14.71 kJ mol−1 and 48.43 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. The thermodynamic functions [H
 T-H
 273.15] and [S
 T-S
 273.15] were derived in the temperature range from T=80 to 385 K with temperature interval of 5 K. The thermal stability of the compound was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG), when the process of the mass-loss was due to the evaporation, instead of its thermal decomposition.

Zhi-Cheng Tan

Papers

Thermodynamic Investigation on Properties of Gasohol

Low-temperature heat capacity and thermal decomposition of crystalline [Er2(His.H+)(H2O)8](ClO4)6 .4H2O

Molar heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic anhydride [C8H10O3]

Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of ethyl carbazate (C3H8N2O2)

Applications of low temperature calorimetry in material research