In this paper, the analysis of recent advances in genetic algorithms is discussed. The genetic algorithms of great interest in research community are selected for analysis. This review will help the new and demanding researchers to provide the wider vision of genetic algorithms. The well-known algorithms and their implementation are presented with their pros and cons. The genetic operators and their usages are discussed with the aim of facilitating new researchers. The different research domains involved in genetic algorithms are covered. The future research directions in the area of genetic operators, fitness function and hybrid algorithms are discussed. This structured review will be helpful for research and graduate teaching.

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A review on genetic algorithm: past, present, and future

Investors systematically deviate from rationality when making financial decisions, yet the mechanisms responsible for these deviations have not been identified. Using event-related fMRI, we examined whether anticipatory neural activity would predict optimal and suboptimal choices in a financial decision-making task. We characterized two types of deviations from the optimal investment strategy of a rational risk- neutral agent as risk-seeking mistakes and risk-aversion mistakes. Nucleus accumbens activation preceded risky choices as well as risk- seeking mistakes, while anterior insula activation preceded riskless choices as well as risk-aversion mistakes. These findings suggest that distinct neural circuits linked to anticipatory affect promote different types of financial choices, and indicate that excessive activation of these circuits may lead to investing mistakes. Thus, consideration of anticipatory neural mechanisms may add predictive power to the rational actor model of economic decision-making.

The Neural Basis of Financial Risk Taking

Transportation research. part c, emerging technologies

Transportation Networks. Optimality. Cost Functions. Deterministic User Equilibrium Assignment. Stochastic User Equilibrium Assignment. Trip Table Estimation. Network Reliability. Network Design. Conclusions. References. Index.

Transportation network analysis

The efficiency of a transport system depends on several elements, such as available technology, governmental policies, the planning process, and control strategies. Indeed, the interaction between these elements is quite complex, leading to intractable decision making problems. The planning process and real-time control strategies have been widely studied in recent years, and there are several practical implementations with promising results. In this paper, we review the literature on Transit Network Planning problems and real-time control strategies suitable to bus transport systems. Our goal is to present a comprehensive review, emphasizing recent studies as well as works not addressed in previous reviews.

Planning, operation, and control of bus transport systems: A literature review

Right-turning vehicles (in countries where vehicles driving on the left-hand-side of the road, e.g., UK, Australia) have large impacts to the operation of intersections. This paper focuses on a traffic maneuver for right-turning vehicles, named the hook turn (HT), which has been successfully implemented in Melbourne for over 50 years. To fully assess the operational performance of the intersection with the HT, two similar intersections are established by a computer model. One intersection plan has the HT maneuver, named the HT plan, and the other one has no HT maneuver, named the traditional plan. Both plans adopt the actuated control method (ACM) for signal settings. For the HT plan, a strategy is developed to cope with the spillover of HT vehicles using the loop detector data; dynamic adjustment of minimum green times is incorporated. With different traffic volumes and vehicle ratios, 24 simulation scenarios are designed. Two classes of indices, average delay and number of vehicles crossing the ...

Evaluation of a Signalized Intersection with Hook Turns under Traffic Actuated Control Circumstance

Transfers between urban rail transit (URT) and its feeder modes represent a considerable barrier to its ridership and the network-wide usage of public transit. The aim of this research is to quantify the time-independent transfer penalty between URT system and feeder modes and to explore its variability by different factors. Based on Melbourne URT origin and destination survey data, this study focused on URT access and egress journeys and estimated URT feeder transfer penalties by formulating feeder mode choice models. With three-hourly weather data and demographical data introduced, this paper conducted disaggregate analyses to investigate the variability of URT feeder transfer penalty across weather conditions, trip types and individual characteristics. According to the model estimation results, the values of transfer penalty vary according to the direction of transfer and the preference ordering for different transfer combinations is URT-tram, URT-bus, tram-URT, bus-URT and auto-URT. It found that local weather elements in terms of air temperature and precipitation are significant factors resulting in the variability of the transfer perception by URT travellers. Transfer penalties for access journeys increase with the rise of air temperature. The non-linear effects of precipitation on URT feeder transfer penalties were observed. In addition, commuters perceive smaller transfer penalties than other travellers for all of the transfer combinations except for bus-URT transfers. Travelers from remote areas perceive smaller transfer penalties for access trips. Travellers’ loyalty to public transit restrains transfer penalties. The male travellers perceive higher transfer penalties than the female. The elderly travellers impose low transfer penalties to access journeys but high transfer penalties for egress journeys. Finally, the paper explored policy implications and details areas for future research.

A disaggregate study of urban rail transit feeder transfer penalties including weather effects

With the rapid development of international cooperation in the construction industry, modular construction has been widely promoted in recent years especially for apartments, social housing and schools. This paper aims to address the intermodal transportation plan for modular structure units (MSUs). An overview of MSUs is provided followed by a discussion on different transportation modes. To prevent damages to modules, containers are typically used for maritime shipping. Comparative results show that the 12.1 m (40 ft) hicube container is most suited for transporting MSUs. With containerisation, an optimal urban transportation plan is proposed consisting of four major steps: identifying the feasible transportation network, establishing the transport cost function, solving the K-shortest paths problem, and assigning MSUs using the logit model.

Intermodal transportation of modular structure units

This paper aims to propose a two-stage clustering approach for calibration of traffic flow fundamental diagrams for dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) simulations. Unlike previous research efforts focusing on supervised grouping strategies that are largely dependent on roadway physical attributes, a data-driven perspective is explored using big traffic data. The two-regime modified Greenshields traffic flow model is used to fit the historical observations on a daily basis using the non-linear least squares method. A two-stage clustering approach is proposed based on the calibrated models where the first stage aims to capture day-to-day variations in traffic flow fundamental diagrams while the second stage aims to aggregate links with similar traffic flow characteristics. The standard k-means algorithm is applied in the first stage and a modified hierarchical clustering based on the Frechet distance is proposed in the second stage. The calibrated and clustered results highlight the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Calibration of traffic flow fundamental diagrams for network simulation applications: A two-stage clustering approach

This study proposes a network-based methodology for the optimization of manhole setting problem, which is a key component of pipeline transportation. The objective is to minimize the total social cost which involves the construction cost and the maintenance cost including the negative impact of manholes on the ground transportation. We first consider a special model which is efficiently solved by a topological sort-based approach. Later, we build a generic model and prove it to be NP-hard. A metaheuristic method is developed to obtain good-quality solutions. Finally, the models and solution methods are validated by numerical examples.

Zhiyuan Liu

Papers

Evaluation of a Signalized Intersection with Hook Turns under Traffic Actuated Control Circumstance

A disaggregate study of urban rail transit feeder transfer penalties including weather effects

Intermodal transportation of modular structure units

Calibration of traffic flow fundamental diagrams for network simulation applications: A two-stage clustering approach

Network-based optimization modeling of manhole setting for pipeline transportation