다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Spurred by recent progress in materials chemistry and drug delivery, stimuli-responsive devices that deliver a drug in spatial-, temporal- and dosage-controlled fashions have become possible. Implementation of such devices requires the use of biocompatible materials that are susceptible to a specific physical incitement or that, in response to a specific stimulus, undergo a protonation, a hydrolytic cleavage or a (supra)molecular conformational change. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in the design of nanoscale stimuli-responsive systems that are able to control drug biodistribution in response to specific stimuli, either exogenous (variations in temperature, magnetic field, ultrasound intensity, light or electric pulses) or endogenous (changes in pH, enzyme concentration or redox gradients).

Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery

5.1. Detection Formats 475 5.2. Food Quality and Safety Analysis 477 5.2.1. Pathogens 477 5.2.2. Toxins 479 5.2.3. Veterinary Drugs 479 5.2.4. Vitamins 480 5.2.5. Hormones 480 5.2.6. Diagnostic Antibodies 480 5.2.7. Allergens 481 5.2.8. Proteins 481 5.2.9. Chemical Contaminants 481 5.3. Medical Diagnostics 481 5.3.1. Cancer Markers 481 5.3.2. Antibodies against Viral Pathogens 482 5.3.3. Drugs and Drug-Induced Antibodies 483 5.3.4. Hormones 483 5.3.5. Allergy Markers 483 5.3.6. Heart Attack Markers 484 5.3.7. Other Molecular Biomarkers 484 5.4. Environmental Monitoring 484 5.4.1. Pesticides 484 5.4.2. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) 485 5.4.3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons 485 5.4.4. Heavy Metals 485 5.4.5. Phenols 485 5.4.6. Polychlorinated Biphenyls 487 5.4.7. Dioxins 487 5.5. Summary 488 6. Conclusions 489 7. Abbreviations 489 8. Acknowledgment 489 9. References 489

Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors for Detection of Chemical and Biological Species

This Perspective explores and explains the fundamental dogma of nanoparticle delivery to tumours and answers two central questions: ‘how many nanoparticles accumulate in a tumour?’ and ‘how does this number affect the clinical translation of nanomedicines?’

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Analysis of nanoparticle delivery to tumours

Targeted nanodelivery of siRNA against KRAS G12D inhibits pancreatic cancer.

Subduction‐related dehydration and exhumation‐related rehydration play an important role in water recycling on Earth. Water can be transported to the deep mantle through crustal subduction, whereas the behavior of water in the subducted crust during exhumation remains enigmatic. Here, we use an integrated micro X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry, transmission terahertz time‐domain, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry approach for the first time on high‐pressure mafic granulite and amphibolite to investigate the water species and contents, as well as exhumation rehydration reactions. Our study demonstrates that garnet, hornblende, and ilmenite contain considerable amounts, and plagioclase contains minor amounts of water as molecular and structural species, whereas quartz contains only a minor amount of structural water. Water released from garnet and external fluids from the grain boundary will either migrate into hornblende, plagioclase, ilmenite, and quartz, or stored in the mantle wedge, or further subducted into the deep mantle. We suggest that water recycling between the Earth's surface and deep mantle is an unequilibrium process, and the lower crust and mantle may store a significant amount of water in deep Earth and can function as a container to feed and maintain the water recycling balance.

Water Recycling in the Deep Earth: Insights From Integrated μ‐XRF, THz‐TDS Spectroscopy, TG, and DCS of High‐Pressure Granulite

The invention discloses a polylipopeptide vesicle with an inner membrane of positive charge, and a preparation method and application of the polylipopeptide vesicle, and belongs to the technical fieldof polymer materials and application chemistry. According to the invention, firstly, a PEG-b-PAPA-b-PLL triblock copolymer is simply prepared through ring opening polymerization and deprotection of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA), and then the polylipopeptide vesicle (CLP) with an inner membrane of positive charge and an asymmetric membrane structure is prepared. siRNA is efficiently loaded into a hydrophilic inner cavity of the vesicle through electrostatic interaction of the siRNA and poly (L-lysine) (PLL), and the siRNA is prevented from being degraded through a strong wall membrane of the vesicle. The vesicle (CPP33-CLP) which is loaded with the siPLK1, has selectivity to lung cancer cells and is modified by a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP33) has a good targeting ability for A549 lung cancercells, and meanwhile, the CPP33 can help the siRNA to quickly escape from an inclusion and enter cytoplasm, so that a significant sequence-specific gene silencing effect is generated, and a significantly enhanced tumor inhibition effect is shown in a tumor-bearing mouse suffered from in-situ A549 lung cancer. The simple and stable multifunctional nano vesicle platform shows a great potential in the aspect of gene therapy of cancers.

Polylipopeptide vesicle with inner membrane of positive charge, and preparation method and application of polylipopeptide vesicle

Correction to "CD38-Directed Vincristine Nanotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia".

Apparatus relates to a carbonate polymer containing a functional group of disulfide five-membered ring in the side chain and application thereof. The polymer can be prepared from cyclic carbonate monomer containing a disulfide five-membered ring functional group through the activity controllable ring-opening polymerization. For polymer, molecular weight is controlled, molecular weight distribution is narrowed and does not require the protection and deprotection procedures. Polymer prepared from the carbonate monomer through the ring-opening polymerization has biodegradability, can be used for controlling drugs release system, and can be used to prepare tumor-targeted nano-drug carrier which is sensitive to reduction and is reversible cross-linking, can support long circulation in the body, in high concentration of cancers cells can rapidly release cross-linking in the cancer cells, to release drugs, to kill cancer cells with high efficiency and specificity. Biodegradable polymer has a good application value in the tissue engineering and bio-chip coating.

Zhiyuan Zhong

Papers

Targeted nanodelivery of siRNA against KRAS G12D inhibits pancreatic cancer.

Water Recycling in the Deep Earth: Insights From Integrated μ‐XRF, THz‐TDS Spectroscopy, TG, and DCS of High‐Pressure Granulite

Polylipopeptide vesicle with inner membrane of positive charge, and preparation method and application of polylipopeptide vesicle

Correction to "CD38-Directed Vincristine Nanotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia".

Carbonate polymer containing a functional group of disulfide five-membered ring in the side chain and application thereof