Showing papers presented at "Web Reasoning and Rule Systems in 2015"

Allotment Problem in Travel Industry: A Solution Based on ASP

Abstract: In the travel industry it is common for tour operators to pre-book from service suppliers blocks of package tours, which are called allotments in jargon. The selection of package tours is done according to several preference criteria aimed at maximizing the expected earnings given a budget. In this paper we formalize an allotment problem that abstracts the requirements of a real travel agent, and we solve it using Answer Set Programming. The obtained specification is executable, and it implements an advanced feature of the iTravel+ system.

An Ontology for Historical Research Documents

Abstract: In this paper we present the conceptual layer of stole, our ontology-based digital archive aiming at helping historical researchers to organize data, extract information and derive new knowledge from historical documents.

Correction of adma-induced preeclampsia with the use of phosphodiesterase 5 and selective inhibitor of arginase II zb49-0010

Abstract: Simulation experimental ADMA-like preeclampsia was carried out by administering the rats with L-NAME during 14-20 days of pregnancy. In animals, there was an increase in blood pressure, proteinuria, impaired microcirculation in the placenta, the violation of the regulation of vascular tone and destructive changes in the ischemic placenta. The use of phosphodiesterase 5 and selective inhibitor of arginase II ZB49-0010 leads to the expression of morphological and functional correction of violations occurring in modeling of experimental preeclampsia.

Web Stream Reasoning in Practice: On the Expressivity vs. Scalability Tradeoff

Abstract: Advances in the Internet of Things and the Web of Data created huge opportunities for developing applications that can generate actionable knowledge out of streaming data. The trade-off between scalability and expressivity is a key challenge in this setting, and more investigation is required to identify what are the relevant features in optimizing this trade-off, and what role do they have in the optimization. In this paper we motivate the need for heuristics to design adaptive solutions and, following an empirical approach, we highlight some key concepts and ideas that can guide the design of heuristics for adaptive optimization of Web Stream Reasoning.

Web Ontology Representation and Reasoning via Fragments of Set Theory

Abstract: In this paper we use results from Computable Set Theory as a means to represent and reason about description logics and rule languages for the semantic web.

Supportedly Stable Answer Sets for Logic Programs with Generalized Atoms

Abstract: Answer Set Programming (ASP) is logic programming under the stable model or answer set semantics. During the last decade, this paradigm has seen several extensions by generalizing the notion of atom used in these programs. Among these, there are dl-atoms, aggregate atoms, HEX atoms, generalized quantifiers, and abstract constraints. In this paper we refer to these constructs collectively as generalized atoms. The idea common to all of these constructs is that their satisfaction depends on the truth values of a set of (non-generalized) atoms, rather than the truth value of a single (non-generalized) atom. Motivated by several examples, we argue that for some of the more intricate generalized atoms, the previously suggested semantics provide unintuitive results and provide an alternative semantics, which we call supportedly stable or SFLP answer sets. We show that it is equivalent to the major previously proposed semantics for programs with convex generalized atoms, and that it in general admits more intended models than other semantics in the presence of non-convex generalized atoms. We show that the complexity of supportedly stable answer sets is on the second level of the polynomial hierarchy, similar to previous proposals and to answer sets of disjunctive logic programs.

A rule-based framework for creating instance data from OpenStreetMap

Abstract: Reasoning engines for ontological and rule-based knowledge bases are becoming increasingly important in areas like the Semantic Web or information integration. It has been acknowledged however that judging the performance of such reasoners and their underlying algorithms is difficult due to the lack of publicly available datasets with large amounts of (real-life) instance data. In this paper we describe a framework and a toolbox for creating such datasets, which is based on extracting instances from the publicly available OpenStreetMap (OSM) geospatial database. To this end, we give a formalization of OSM and present a rule-based language to specify the rules to extract instance data from OSM data. The declarative nature of the approach in combination with external functions and parameters allows one to create several variants of the dataset via small modifications of the specification. We describe a highly flexible toolbox to extract instance data from a given OSM map and a given set of rules. We have employed our tools to create benchmarks that have already been fruitfully used in practice.

A Procedure for an Event-Condition-Transaction Language

Abstract: Event-Condition-Action languages are the commonly accepted paradigm to express and model the behavior of reactive systems. While numerous Event-Condition-Action languages have been proposed in the literature, differing e.g. on the expressivity of the language and on its operational behavior, existing Event-Condition-Action languages do not generally support the action component to be formulated as a transaction. In this paper, sustaining that it is important to execute transactions in reactive languages, we propose an Event-Condition-Transaction language, based on an extension of Transaction Logic. This extension, called Transaction Logic with Events (\(\mathcal {TR}^{ev}\)), combines reasoning about the execution of transactions with the ability to detect complex events. An important characteristic of \(\mathcal {TR}^{ev}\) is that it takes a choice function as a parameter of the theory, leaving open the behavioral decisions of the logic, and thereby allowing it to be suitable for a wide-spectrum of application scenarios like Semantic Web, multi-agent systems, databases, etc. We start by showing how \(\mathcal {TR}^{ev}\) can be used as an Event-Condition-Action language where actions are considered as transactions, and how to differently instantiate this choice function to achieve different operational behaviors. Then, based on a particular operational instantiation of the logic, we present a procedure that is sound and complete w.r.t. the semantics and that is able to execute \(\mathcal {TR}^{ev}\) programs.

Applying the Method of Analysis of Hierarchies in the Pedagogical Research of Leadership Qualities of Future Managers

Abstract: The availability of leadership qualities in future managers is the foundation of a successful career, which facilitates a competitive labor market. The article confirms the following hypothesis of the pedagogical research: the psychological and pedagogical training of students, the future managers, both in teaching disciplines of the psycho-pedagogical cycle and management, will foster their leadership skills. To present a quantitative degree of development of these qualities, the author used the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The method is based on the construction of a hierarchy which represents an abstract structure of the system aimed at studying the functional interactions of its components and their impact on the overall system. As a result of this experiment, we can draw a conclusion that in the process of teaching management in the proposed pedagogical conditions, the students have significantly improved their qualities appropriate for a manager-leader. К eywords: leadership; managers; psychological and pedagogical training; the analytic hierarchy method; pedagogical research. APPLYING THE METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF HIErArCHIES IN THE PED-AGOGICAL rESEArCH OF LEADErSHIP QUALITIES OF FUTUrE MANAGErS Yatsenko O.N. UDC 378 DOI 10.18413/2313-8971-2015-1-3-12-20 14 ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА АНАЛИЗА ИЕРАРХИЙ В ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ СФОРМИРОВАННОСТИ ЛИДЕРСКИХ КАЧЕСТВ БУДУЩИХ МЕНЕДЖЕРОВ Яценко О.Н. Н А У Ч Н Ы Й РЕЗУЛЬТАТ Сетевой научно-практический журнал СЕРИЯ Педагогика и психология образования Введение (INTRODUCTION) Под сущностью лидерских качеств студентов – будущих менеджеров, мы понимаем профессионально-личностное образование, которое имеет динамический и стратегический характер и формируется в процессе систематической психолого-педагогической подготовки в вузе, включает в себя физиологические, психологические задатки лидера, приобретенные управленческие знания и лидерские способности и обеспечивает будущим специалистам профессиональную мобильность и конкурентоспособность. Актуальность проблемы заключается в подтверждении гипотезы педагогического исследования о том, что проведение психолого-педагогической подготовки студентов – будущих менеджеров не только во время преподавания дисциплин психолого-педагогического цикла, но и в процессе освоения ими курса «Менеджмент», будет способствовать формированию у них лидерских качеств, которые помогут им быть конкурентоспособными на рынке труда. Основная часть (MAIN PART): Целью статьи является теоретическое обоснование и анализ применения метода иерархий в педагогическом исследовании формирования лидерских качеств будущих менеджеров. Материалы и методы исследования Вопросу применения методов математической статистики в педагогических и психологических исследованиях посвящали свои работы П.Н. Воловик, Б.С. Гершунский, С.У. Гончаренко, Р.С. Немов, И.П. Пидласый. Теоретические и практические аспекты сущности метода анализа иерархий освещает в своих работах Т. Саати. В процессе исследования были использованы методы индукции, дедукции, систематизации, классификации, моделирования, сравнения результатов исследования для разработки и экспериментальной проверки методики формирования лидерских качеств будущих менеджеров в процессе психолого-педагогической подготовки. Для подтверждения гипотезы, нами было проведено дополнительное исследование сформированности лидерских качеств студентов – будущих менеджеров в процессе психолого-педагогической подготовки. Целью этого исследования было определение сформированности конкретных составляющих качеств лидера: коммуникативных способностей, организаторских способностей, рефлексивных способностей. Для этого были использованы «Опросник для оценки коммуникативных и организаторских способностей (КОС) в процессе первичной профконсультации» [5] и Методика определения уровня рефлексивности (А.В. Карпов, В.В. Пономарев) [3]. Для представления в количественном выражении степени развитости этих качеств у студентов – будущих менеджеров, автором был использован метод анализа иерархий (МАИ). Основой этого метода является построение иерархии, которая является определенной абстракцией структуры системы, целью которой является изучение функциональных взаимодействий ее компонентов и их влияние на систему в целом [7]. Построение соответствующей модели позволяет повторить процесс объединения в группы многих элементов таким образом, что группы, которые имеют общие свойства, рассматриваются в качестве элементов следующего уровня системы [7]. В приведенном примере построения иерархии на вершине, на высшем уровне находится цель нашего эксперимента: выявление студентов с высокой степенью лидерских качеств, конкурентоспособных на рынке труда. На втором уровне нами определено 3 критерия отбора студентов, при наличии у них проявления составляющих качеств лидера: коммуникативных способностей, организаторских способностей, рефлексивных способностей. На третьем уровне находится перечень альтернатив. В нашем случае это студенты, которых мы оцениваем на основе критериев второго уровня с целью анализа достижения поставленной цели – выявление будущих менеджеров-лидеров с высоким уровнем сформированности лидерских качеств. Построенная нами иерархия приведена на рис. 1 Сущность построения такой типичной иерархии заключается в попарном сравнении элементов нижнего уровня по отношению к элементам следующего уровня и т.д. до достижения вершины. Правила проведения соответствующих сравнений требуют сравнения не более 7± 2 альтернатив. В связи с чем, мы разделили имеющееся количество студентов на подгруппы по 8-9 человек. На примере одной группы из 9 человек проведем анализ в соответствии с построенной выше иерархией и оценим комплексное воздействие критериев второго уров15 ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА АНАЛИЗА ИЕРАРХИЙ В ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ СФОРМИРОВАННОСТИ ЛИДЕРСКИХ КАЧЕСТВ БУДУЩИХ МЕНЕДЖЕРОВ Яценко О.Н. Н А У Ч Н Ы Й РЕЗУЛЬТАТ Сетевой научно-практический журнал СЕРИЯ Педагогика и психология образования ня при определении лидера. Для удобства обработки данных и по этическим соображениям фамилии студентов заменены соответствующими порядковыми номерами, в которых первая цифра соответствует номеру группы, а вторая порядковому номеру опрашиваемых. После представления задачи в виде иерархии составим матрицу – массив чисел в виде квадратной таблицы [7].ц Будущие менеджеры-лидеры,

Planning with Regression Analysis in Transaction Logic

Abstract: Heuristic search is arguably the most successful paradigm in Automated Planning, which greatly improves the performance of planning strategies. However, adding heuristics usually leads to very complicated planning algorithms. In order to study different properties (e.g. completeness) of those complicated planning algorithms, it is important to use an appropriate formal language and framework. In this paper, we argue that Transaction Logic is just such a specification language, which lets one formally specify both the heuristics, the planning algorithm, and also facilitates the discovery of more general and more efficient algorithms. To illustrate, we take the well-known regression analysis mechanism and show that Transaction Logic lets one specify the concept of regression analysis easily and thus express \(\textit{RSTRIPS}\), a classical and very complicated planning algorithm based on regression analysis. Moreover, we show that extensions to that algorithm that allow indirect effects and action ramification are obtained almost for free. Finally, a compact and clear logical formulation of the algorithm lets us prove the completeness of \(\textit{RSTRIPS}\)—a result that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been known before.

The role of mitochondrial atp-dependent potassium channels in the cardioprotective effect of nicorandil on the model of coronary occlusive myocardial infarction

Abstract: The paper presents the results of a study of the antiischemic effectiveness of nicorandil (1,8 mg/kg) on the model of coronary occlusive myocardial infarction in rabbits. The coronary occlusion in the descending branch of the left coronary artery in anesthetized animals was carried out with a 60 minutes ligation followed by a 90 minutes reperfusion. The cardioprotective effect was expressed in 2.5 times restriction of the areas of necrosis, prevention of the increase in the level of Troponin I in 3 times, and the improvement of contractility during the reperfusion. The blocker of ATP-sensitive potassium channels glibenclamide (0.4 mg/kg) almost completely nullified the cardioprotective effects of nicorandil in a dose of 1.8 mg/kg. The inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg), did not cause a complete abolition of the protective effects of nicorandil. The author discusses the priority contribution of ATP-sensitive potassium («first window» of preconditioning) channels in the realization of cardioprotective effects of nicorandil (small and middle dosage), along with no negative hemodynamic effects characteristic of the donor of NO. The latter allows to discuss the possibility of reducing the dose of nicorandil for cardioprotection in clinical studies. Danilenko L.M. The role of mitochondrial atp-dependent potassium channels in the cardioprotective effect nicorandilа on the model koronarolitikov myocardial infarction // Сетевой журнал «Научный результат». Серия «Медицина и фармация». – Т.1, No4(6), 2015. 41 Серия МЕДИЦИНА И ФАРМАЦИЯ MEDICINE AND PHARMACY Series

Trabajando con población migrante en Costa Rica: reflexiones sobre la relación entre organizaciones de ayuda y las bases para la acción colectiva

Abstract: In this article we analyze the roles of migrant support organizations, and the opportunities to develop collective political action. Through the Seminars of Migration and Subjectivity at the Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad de Costa Rica with professionals working in NGOs for migrants´ advocacy we found prioritization of care work in organizations, the struggle for external funding, and differences in approach regarding migration issues are some of the obstacles for bringing more vitality to collective political action. The efforts of some organizations tend to focus on solving immediate needs such as regularization; in the meantime, strengthening migrants as political subjects seems secondary. We propose this as the goal when working with migrant population.

Morphometric study of hippocampal neurons in chronic immobilization stress

Abstract: Hippocampus ensures the implementation of the memory mechanisms, behavioral reactions, including avoidance of stress, aversive effects etc. The study was performed on the material of 20 male Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g, 10 of which were intact control group and 10 were experimental group, in which chronic immobilization stress was simulated. We determined the relative number of neurons in multiple fields of view on the total area of the pyramidal and polymorphic layers of CA1 and CA3 regions (further recalculated per 10,000 μm), larger and smaller diameters of neuron’s bodies, their perimeters and areas with diameters of nuclei and nucleoli, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. It is found that under chronic immobilization stress in areas CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus the morphologically similar neuronal lesions, decrease in their number, and change in nucleocytoplasmic ratio are observed.

Semantic Views of Homogeneous Unstructured Data

Abstract: Homogeneous unstructured data (HUD) are collections of unstructured documents that share common properties, such as similar layout, common file format, or common domain of values. Building on such properties, it would be desirable to automatically process HUD to access the main information through a semantic layer – typically an ontology – called semantic view. Hence, we propose an ontology-based approach for extracting semantically rich information from HUD, by integrating and extending recent technologies and results from the fields of classical information extraction, table recognition, ontologies, text annotation, and logic programming. Moreover, we design and implement a system, named KnowRex, that has been successfully applied to curriculum vitae in the Europass style to offer a semantic view of them, and be able, for example, to select those which exhibit required skills.

The Methodological Features of Applying a Linguistic and Theatrical Approach in Language Teaching

Abstract: The article examines the potential of theatre in the field of language teaching and the issue of defining a linguistic and theatrical approach as an autonomous and self-sufficient methodology of foreign language teaching. The author analyzes the experience of an EU project called “Glottodrama” which developed a theatre method of language teaching, and raises a question of the importance of a specific training for language teachers seeking to apply theatre techniques in their teaching practice. К eywords: theatre approach to language teaching; perception of foreign language speech; dramatization; theatrе pedagogy; communicative competence; verbal and nonverbal components of communication; teaching unit. THE METHODOLOGICAL FEATUrES OF APPLYING A LINGUISTIC AND THEATrICAL APPrOACH IN LANGUAGE TEACHING Tsotova D.Y. UDC 378: 370.026-354.6 DOI 10.18413/2313-8971-2015-1-3-39-46

Russian philosophers on the principles of humanising human being

Abstract: The article is aimed at clarifying the solution to the problem of humanization of the human being proposed by Russian philosophers. The existentialists (Berdyaev and Shestov) are looking for this solution in an address to God which is understood as «Metaego», as the highest and the best «self» of each person. Russian philosophy of economy studied the material and practical conditions of the humanization of life. The founder of this philosophy, Bulgakov, in contrast to the existentialists, admits that the collectivist understanding sees man as a subject of economic activity. He regarded the economy cosmologically − as one of the manifestations of the «metaphysical universe of communism».

Cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic symmetrical calcification of basal ganglia

Abstract: Cognitive impairment is a subjectively and/or objectively detectable deterioration of cognitive functions (such as speech, memory, gnosis, praxis, thinking, etc.) compared with the initial individual or middle age and educational levels as a result of structural, metabolic, toxic brain injuries, influencing the effectiveness of education and training, home and social activity. The study of etiology and pathogenesis, improving diagnosis and treatment of disorders of higher brain functions is an urgent problem of neurology. The article provides an overview of the Yatsenko E.A., Gubarev Yu.D., Avdeeva I.V., Lisich E.A., Lapshin D.E. Cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic symmetrical calcification of basal ganglia // Сетевой журнал «Научный результат». Серия «Медицина и фармация». – Т.1, No4(6), 2015. 26 Серия МЕДИЦИНА И ФАРМАЦИЯ MEDICINE AND PHARMACY Series literature data of occurrence of cognitive dysfunction of varying severity in patients with idiopathic symmetrical calcification of basal ganglia, their morpho-functional substantiation with the disease.

Pharmacological preconditioning with nicorandil as a possibility of increasing the stability of tissues of the retina to ischemia in an experiment

Abstract: In laboratory rats, we formed an ischemic damage by providing mechanical pressure (110 mm Hg) to the anterior chamber for 30 minutes. The experiment has revealed the fact that nicorandil (0.6 mg/kg) prevents the development of degenerative changes in the retinal layers induced by ischemic injury. The severity of the protective effect of nicorandil on the retina of the rats was assessed after 72 hours of reperfusion after modeling the pathology. We have found a protective effect of nicorandil with the development of ischemia, which was confirmed by the laser Doppler flowmetry and histomorphometry. The identification and application of pharmacological agents with the effect of preconditioning may be a novel approach in the correction and prevention of ischemia of the retina which is the leading element in the pathogenesis of a number of eye pathologies. The possibility of pharmacological preconditioning with nicorandil of ischemic damage to the retina is essential for the development of anti-ischemic agents for the treatment and prevention of ophthalmic pathologies of an ischemic genesis.

The relationship between parameters of the peyer's patches of the small intestine in intact rats

Abstract: . This paper deals with the study of the relationship between parameters of the Peyer’s patches of the small intestine in intact rats of different age groups. The correlation analysis revealed the direct relationship between the parameters. Keywords: rats; Peyer's patches; correlation analysis. Морозов В.Н. 1 Морозова Е.Н. 2 ВЗАИМОЗАВИСИМОСТЬ МЕЖДУ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯМИ ПЕЙЕРОВЫХ БЛЯШЕК ТОНКОЙ КИШКИ ИНТАКТНЫХ КРЫС 1) к.мед.н., старший преподаватель кафедры анатомии Медицинского института НИУ «БелГУ», 308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85, Россия; E-mail: morozov_v@bsu.edu.ru 2) к.мед.н., старший преподаватель кафедры гистологии Медицинского института НИУ «БелГУ», 3) 308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85, Россия; E-mail: morozova_en@bsu.edu.ru Аннотация. Изучена взаимозависимость между показателями пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки интактных крыс разных возрастных групп. В результате корреляционного анализа установлено, что взаимосвязь между параметрами была прямой. Ключевые слова: крысы, пейеровы бляшки, корреляционный анализ.