Showing papers by "Finisar published in 2012"

Single-laser 32.5 Tbit/s Nyquist WDM transmission

Abstract: We demonstrate single-laser 32.5 Tbit/s 16QAM Nyquist wavelength division multiplexing transmission over a total length of 227 km of SMF-28 without optical dispersion compensation. A number of 325 optical carriers is derived from a single laser and encoded with dual-polarization 16QAM data using sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses. As we use no guard bands, the carriers have a spacing of 12.5 GHz equal to the symbol rate or Nyquist bandwidth of the data. We achieve a net spectral efficiency of 6.4 bit/s/Hz using a software-defined transmitter, which generates the electric drive signals for the electro-optic modulator in real time.

Beyond 100G client optics

Abstract: Major client optics applications are the high-density data center, structured data center, carrier central office, general data center, and metro inter data center, corresponding to link reaches from 100 m to 40 km. First-generation 100G multimode fiber and single-mode fiber client optics are based on 10 × 10G electrical lane and 10 × 10G or 4 × 25G optical lane architectures. Next-generation 100G MMF and SMF client optics will be based on 4 × 25G electrical lane and 4 × 25G optical lane architecture. Beyond 100G, it is likely the next standard will be 400G based on extensions of 100G technologies. Beyond 400G, 1.6T is a possible standard, requiring highly novel technologies.

Multi-laser transmitter optical subassemblies for optoelectronic modules

Abstract: Multi-laser transmitter optical subassemblies (TOSAs) for optoelectronic modules. In one example embodiment, a multi-laser TOSA includes first and second lasers configured to generate first and second optical signals, respectively, a polarization beam combiner (PBC), first and second collimating lenses positioned between the first and second lasers, respectively, and the PBC, a half waveplate positioned between the first laser and the PBC, and a focusing lens. The half waveplate is configured to rotate the polarization of the first optical signal. The PBC is configured to combine the first and second optical signals and transmit the combined first and second optical signals toward the focusing lens.

Wavelength Selective Switch

Abstract: An optical switching device has multiple input ports and multiple output ports and is capable of switching a wavelength component from any of the input ports to any of the output ports. The optical switching device is configured with beam steering arrays that are controlled to provide the switching from any of the input ports to any of the output ports. The beam steering arrays may be microelectromechanical (MEMS) mirror arrays or liquid-crystal on silicon (LCOS) panels. In addition, an array of beam-polarizing liquid-crystal elements provides wavelength-independent attenuation.

Communication module assembly with heat sink and methods of manufacture

Abstract: A communication assembly can include: a module device; a cage having a body defining a first open end that is configured to receive the module device therethrough and the body defining one or more first receiver members between the first end and a second end opposite of the first end, the one or more first receiver members having a first part of fastening system (e.g., two-part fastening system); and a heat sink adapted to be received into the cage so as to be thermally coupled with the module device, the heat sink having a body defining one or more second receiver members configured to receive the one or more first receiver members, the one or more second receiver members having a second part of the fastening system that couples with the first part of the fastening system.

Chip on flex optical subassembly

Abstract: One example embodiment includes an optical subassembly (OSA). The OSA includes a flex circuit, an optical port, and an active optical component subassembly. The flex circuit is constructed of at least one electrically-conductive layer and at least one electrical insulator layer. The optical port defines a barrel cavity and is mechanically coupled to the flex circuit at a flex connection. The active optical component subassembly is positioned within the barrel cavity and electrically coupled to the flex circuit.

Active optical fiber cable with electric connector

Abstract: An active optical fiber cable adopts one or more optical fibers to achieve communication by the majority of the length of the optical fibers, and at least one end of the active optical fiber cable is provided with an integrated electric connector. The active optical fiber cable can be an electric-optical cable, an electric-electric cable or a cable with one of a plurality of other structures.

Multi Directional Multiplexer

Abstract: Described herein is an optical transmission cross-connect for routing wavelength signals to a bank of directionless transceivers. One embodiment (1) includes an array of four common-port fibers (3) for transmitting and receiving a multiplexed optical signal and an array of sixteen add/drop fibers (5) for receiving and transmitting demultiplexed signals including individual wavelength channels. A dispersive grism (7) simultaneously spatially separates the wavelength channels from the optical signals in a dispersion dimension. A lens (45) focuses each said spatially separated wavelength channel in the dispersion dimension. A Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) device (11) separately manipulates each of the focused spatially separated wavelength channels to selectively steer the wavelength channels in a switching dimension. A micro-electromechanical mirror (MEMS) array (13) independently selectively directs the wavelength channels in the switching dimension such that the wavelength channels are coupled to predetermined ones of the add/drop fibers (5).

Inter-transceiver module communication for firmware upgrade

Abstract: An operational optical transceiver configured to update operational firmware using an optical link of the transceiver. The optical transceiver includes at least one processor and a system memory capable of receiving firmware. The optical transceiver receives an optical signal over the optical link containing the update firmware. The optical transceiver then recovers the firmware from the optical signal. Finally, the optical transceiver provides to the system memory the recovered firmware, which when executed by the at least one processor alters the operation of the transceiver.

A self-coherent receiver for detection of PolMUX coherent signals

Abstract: A self-coherent receiver capable of demultiplexing PolMUX-signals without an external polarization controller is presented. Training sequences are introduced to estimate the polarization rotation, and a decision feedback recursive algorithm mitigates the random walk of the recovered field. The concept is tested for a PolMUX-DQPSK modulation format where one polarization carries a normal DQPSK signal while the other polarization is encoded as a progressive phase-shift DQPSK signal. An experimental demonstration of the scheme for a 112 Gbit/s PolMUX-DQPSK signal is presented.

Fault analysis and monitoring applications using out-of-band based modules

Abstract: One example embodiment includes a testing device The testing device comprises a signal reception element, an out-of-band detector and testing logic The signal reception element is configured to receive a physical layer signal from a communication module via a physical link and to produce an incoming double modulated signal, the incoming double modulated signal including a high-speed data signal and an out-of-band data signal The out-of-band data signal comprises diagnostic data of the communication module The out-of-band detector is coupled to the signal reception element and is configured to extract the out-of-band data signal from the incoming double modulated signal The testing logic is coupled to the out-of-band detector and is configured to extract and analyze the diagnostic data from the out-of-band data signal

Optical wavelength selective switch calibration system

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods of enhancing channel bandwidth in an optical system having a number of wavelength selective switching (WSS) devices. The method includes the steps of passing the optical signals through the WSS devices by: (i) spatially dispersing the wavelength channels of the optical signals; (ii) projecting the spatially dispersed channels onto corresponding predetermined regions of an optical manipulation matrix including a plurality of individually addressable manipulating elements; (iii) determining a modification function that specifies a state for each manipulating element within the predetermined region; and (iv) driving the elements of the corresponding regions at states specified by the function to selectively modify the channel band shape such that the received channel's bandwidth is substantially enhanced, and to spatially direct the wavelength channels to predetermined output ports of the WSS devices.

Polarization-Independent LCOS Device

Abstract: Described herein is an optical phase modulator ( 20 ) including a liquid crystal element ( 22 ), disposed between a pair of opposing electrodes ( 24 ) and ( 26 ). The electrodes ( 24, 26 ) are electrically driven for supplying an electric potential V across the liquid crystal element ( 22 ) to drive the liquid crystals within element ( 22 ) in a predetermined configuration. Electrode ( 26 ) includes a grid of individually drivable pixel regions ( 28 ), at least some of which include a sub-wavelength grating structure that provides an anisotropic refractive index profile in orthogonal lateral dimensions, thereby creating an effective material form birefringence. Light incident through liquid crystal element ( 22 ) and onto electrode ( 26 ) is reflected and experiences a relative phase difference of 180° between its constituent orthogonal polarization components, thereby rotating each polarization component into the orthogonal orientation upon reflection.

Generation and Transmission of 10-Gbaud Optical 3/4-RZ-DQPSK Signals Using a Chirp-Managed DBR Laser

Abstract: We have demonstrated the generation and transmission of 10-Gbaud optical 3/4-return-to-zero differential quadrature phase-shift-keying (3/4-RZ-DQPSK) signals using a chirp-managed distributed-Bragg-reflector (DBR) laser (CML), without requiring any differential encoder or external modulator. We realized error-free transmission in 60-km standard single-mode fiber without any dispersion compensation. No optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty was induced. We also investigated the impact of different optical spectrum reshaper filters in CML on the transmission performance. The tolerance against the amplitude fluctuation of the electrical driving signal was also studied.

3-d integrated package

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an electronics package includes one or more insulating layers and an electrically conductive transmission line. The electrically conductive transmission line includes a signal trace disposed substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The electrically conductive transmission line further includes one or more signal vias electrically coupled to the signal trace. The one or more signal vias are configured to pass through at least a portion of the one or more insulating layers. The electronics package further includes one or more electrically conductive ground planes substantially parallel to the one or more insulating layers. The ground planes include one or more signal via ground cuts. The one or more signal via ground cuts provide clearance between the one or more signal vias and the one or more ground planes.

Multichannel rf feedthroughs

Abstract: Multichannel RF Feedthroughs. In some examples, a multichannel RF feedthrough includes an internal portion and an external portion. The internal portion includes a top surface on which first and second sets of traces are formed. Each set of traces is configured as an electrical communication channel to carry electrical data signals. The external portion includes a bottom surface on which the first set of traces is formed and a top surface on which the second set of traces is formed. A set of vias connects the first set of traces between the top surface of the internal portion and the bottom surface of the external portion.

Lasers with ingaas(p) quantum wells with indium ingap barrier layers with reduced decomposition

Abstract: A method for preparing a VCSEL can use MBE for: growing a first conduction region over a first mirror region; growing an active region over the first conduction region opposite of the first mirror region, including: (a) growing a quantum well barrier having In1-xGaxP(As); (b) growing an transitional layer having one or more of GaP, GaAsP, or GaAs; (c) growing a quantum well layer having In1-zGazAsyP1-y; (d) growing another transitional layer have one or more of GaP, GaAsP, or GaAs; (e) repeating processes (a) through (d) over a plurality of cycles; and (f) growing a quantum well barrier having In1- xGaxP(As); growing a second conduction region over the active region opposite of the first conduction region, wherein: x ranges from 077 to 050; y ranges from 07 to 1; and z ranges from 07 to 099

Multicast Optical Switch

Abstract: Described herein is an optical switch (1), including 4 common port optical fibers (eg 3), disposed in a vertical y dimension, a wavelength independent beam splitter (5), a switching unit (7) and 16 add/drop optical fibers (eg 9), disposed in a horizontal x dimension In one direction of operation, the common port fibers (3) project respective optical beams (eg 11) to beam splitter (5), which physically splits each optical beam (11) into a plurality of separate sub beams (eg 15) The sub beams (15) are focused by a lens (17) onto respective micro-electromechanical (MEMS) mirrors (eg 19) of switching unit (7) Mirrors (19) direct each said sub beam (15) along respective predetermined trajectories to thereby selectively couple the sub beams (15) to corresponding add/drop optical fibers (9) Corresponding operation occurs in the reverse direction, with add/drop fibers (9) acting as input ports and common port fibers (3) providing outputs

Single-laser 32.5 Tbit/s Nyquist WDM transmission

Abstract: We demonstrate 32.5 Tbit/s 16QAM Nyquist WDM transmission over a total length of 227 km of SMF-28 without optical dispersion compensation. A number of 325 optical carriers are derived from a single laser and encoded with dual-polarization 16QAM data using sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses. As we use no guard bands, the carriers have a spacing of 12.5 GHz equal to the Nyquist bandwidth of the data. We achieve a high net spectral efficiency of 6.4 bit/s/Hz using a software-defined transmitter which generates the electrical modulator drive signals in real-time.

High-speed pluggable rigid-end flex circuit

Abstract: High-speed pluggable rigid-end flex circuit. A circuit includes a flexible section, rigid section, connector disposed on the rigid section, and electrically conductive signal transmission line electrically coupled to the connector. The flexible section includes a first portion of a flexible insulating layer. The rigid section includes a second portion of the flexible insulating layer and a rigid insulating layer disposed on the second portion of the flexible insulating layer. The connector is configured to form a pluggable conductive connection. The electrically conductive signal transmission line includes a first signal trace having a root mean square surface roughness below 20 micrometers and a filled signal via configured to pass through at least a portion of the rigid insulating layer. The flexible and rigid insulating layers have a dissipation factor equal to or below a ratio of 0.004 and a dielectric constant equal to or below a ratio of 3.7.

Hybrid optical amplifier with optimized noise figure

Abstract: Methods for optimizing a noise figure of a variable gain hybrid amplifier (HA) which includes a variable gain Raman amplifier with adjustable average gain G R and gain tilt T R and a variable gain lumped amplifier with adjustable average gain G L and gain tilt T L . In various embodiments, the methods include receiving as input a required hybrid amplifier average gain G H value and a required gain tilt T H value and deriving a set of G R , T R , G L and T L values which yield an optimal optimized hybrid amplifier NF and satisfy the conditions G R + G L = G H and that T R + T L is within a specified hybrid amplifier operating tilt range. In some embodiments, the derived T R and T L values satisfy the condition T R + T L = T H . A hybrid amplifier implementing a method disclosed herein includes a modified control unit configured to control both average gain and gain tilt parameters of the Raman amplifier and the lumped amplifier to satisfy the conditions above

Transistor outline can with in-line electrical couplings

Abstract: An example embodiment includes a TO can including a header, an RF pin opening, an internal volume, an RF pin, a submount, and a flex circuit. The header defines the RF pin opening. The internal volume is defined by a TO can housing and an interior header surface. The RF pin extends through the RF pin opening such that a first surface connection is located in the internal volume and a second surface connection is located outside of the internal volume and extends past an exterior header surface. The submount is located in the internal volume and the submount includes a submount trace. The submount trace includes a pin connection portion in-line with the RF pin and electrically coupled to the first surface connection. The flex circuit includes a flex trace further including a flex trace connection in-line with the RF pin and electrically coupled to the second surface connection.

Next generation CFP modules

Abstract: The details of two next generation CFP MSA modules, CFP2 and CFP4 are described. This includes size evolution, front panel port density, electrical I/O, mechanics, MIS, power, and support of SMF and MMF applications.

Thermally conductive flexible member for heat transfer

Abstract: An example embodiment includes a thermal conduction system for dissipating thermal energy generated by operation of an optical subassembly that disposed within a shell of a communication module. The thermal conduction system can include a thermally conductive flexible member that contacts the optical subassembly and to contact the shell of the communication module. By contacting the optical subassembly and the shell, the thermal energy generated by operation of the optical subassembly can transfer from the optical subassembly to the shell. The thermally conductive flexible member defines thermally conductive flexible member holes that correspond to pins extending from the optical subassembly. The pins pass through the thermally conductive flexible member holes enabling the thermally conductive flexible member to contact the optical subassembly.

Lasers with quantum wells having high indium and low aluminum with barrier layers having high aluminum and low indium with reduced traps

Abstract: A VCSEL can include: one or more quantum wells having (Al)InGaAs; two or more quantum well barriers having Al(In)GaAs bounding the one or more quantum well layers; and one or more transitional monolayers deposited between each quantum well layer and quantum well barrier, wherein the quantum wells, barriers and transitional monolayers are substantially devoid of traps. The one or more transitional monolayers include GaP, GaAs, and/or GaAsP. Alternatively, the VCSEL can include two or more transitional monolayers of AlInGaAs with a barrier- side monolayer having lower In and higher Al compared to a quantum well side monolayer that has higher In and lower Al.

Optical Channel Monitor

Abstract: Described herein is an optical channel monitor (100) for monitoring properties of a wavelength channel in an optical transmission system. The channel monitor (100) includes a plurality of input ports in the form of optical fibers (102) disposed in a vertical "port displacement" dimension. Each fiber (102) inputs a respective optical beam (103) having a plurality of individual wavelength channels. By way of example, an optical beam may be a dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) signal having a plurality of wavelength channels equally spaced apart in frequency by 50GHz. The signals, in the form of optical beams (103), are transmitted through a lens (104) which collimates each beam and converges the beams in the port displacement dimension to a focal plane (105). The collimated and converged beams are incident onto a selectively movable spatial manipulation element in the form of a rotatable micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) mirror (106). This mirror selectively directs each optical beam onto a wavelength dispersion element in the form of a grism (108) at a predetermined angle (denoted by ϕ) in a horizontal "dispersion" plane. The grism (108) spatially separates, in the dispersion plane, the wavelength channels contained within each optical beam (103) by diffraction. The angle at which each channel is diffracted is controlled by the angle ϕ.

Tuneable Laser Source

Abstract: Described herein is a laser ( 1 ) having a cavity for supporting oscillation of an electromagnetic signal to provide lasing action. A gain element ( 5 ) provides a source of stimulated emission for amplifying the oscillating signal. The laser also includes a wavelength selective element ( 7 ), which includes a reflecting element and a polarization modifying element. The reflecting element selectively defines a predetermined wavelength and the polarization modifying element selectively modifies the polarization of the signal component at the predetermined wavelength so as to provide high selectivity. The wavelength selective element ( 7 ) rotates the signal polarization at the predetermined wavelength into an orthogonal state. A polarization filter ( 9 ) filters out the signal components having wavelengths not corresponding to the predetermined wavelength and a polarization rotation element ( 11 ) again rotates the polarization of the signal into an orthogonal state.

Chip identification pads for identification of integrated circuits in an assembly

Abstract: Chip identification pads for identification of integrated circuits in an assembly. In one example embodiment, an integrated circuit (IC) assembly includes a controller, a plurality of ICs, a shared communication bus connecting the controller to the plurality of ICs and configured to enable communication between the controller and each of the plurality of ICs, and a set of one or more chip identification pads formed on each IC. Each set of chip identification pads has an electrical connection pattern. The electrical connection pattern of each set is distinct from the electrical connection pattern on every other set. Each distinct electrical connection pattern represents a unique identifier of the corresponding IC thereby enabling the controller to distinguish between the ICs.

Delay line interferometer multiplexer

Abstract: In an embodiment, a delay line interferometer (DLI) multiplexer (MUX) includes a first stage and a second stage. The first stage includes a first DLI and a second DLI. The first DLI includes a first left input, a first right input, and a first output and has a free spectral range (FSR) that is about four times a nominal channel spacing. The second DLI includes a second left input, a second right input, and a second output and has an FSR that is about four times the nominal channel spacing. The second stage is coupled to the first stage and includes a third DLI. The third DLI includes a third left input optically coupled to the first output, a third right input optically coupled to the second output, and a third output. An FSR of the third DLI is about two times the nominal channel spacing.

Single-laser 32.5 Tbit/s Nyquist-WDM

Abstract: Single-laser 32.5 Tbit/s 16QAM Nyquist-WDM transmission with 325 carriers over 227 km at a net spectral efficiency of 6.4 bit/s/Hz is reported.