Showing papers by "Linköping University published in 1974"

Gas chromatographic assessment of the reproducibility of phenazone plasma half-life in young healthy volunteers.

Abstract: Intra-individual variability in the plasma half-life of phenazone has been studied in 16 healthy, young volunteers. Phenazone was analysed by a simple gas chromatographic method, which is specific in relation to known metabolites; 4′-methylphenazone was employed as the internal standard. Phenazone was given on two occasions, two or three months apart, in oral doses of 10 mg/kg. The plasma half-life determined from five time points was 10.9±1.5 h and 11.2±1.3 h respectively, on the two occasions. The mean intra-individual variability (0.86 h) was close to the methodological error of 4%.

Normal Blood Sugar Variation During Pregnancy

Abstract: Blood sugar determinations were made four times daily on non-diabetic pregnant and non-pregnant women admitted to hospital for reasons not supposed to influence carbohydrate metabolism. All blood sugar values were found to decrease during pregnancy. The fasting blood sugar decreased from 78 to 65 mg%, and the daily mean value from 99 to 80 mg%. The increase in blood sugar after the main meal of the day was found to be smallest in late pregnancy. The results indicate a progressive change in carbohydrate tolerance during pregnancy. Some implications of the results on the management and outcome of diabetic pregnancy are discussed.

A Theoretical Estimate of Acoustic-Emission Stress Amplitudes

Abstract: A theoretical estimate is made of the stress amplitude for acoustic emission due to the sudden local change of an inelastic strain. The source may thus be e.g. dislocation motion, crack propagation, twinning or martensitic transformation. The dynamic aspect of the acoustic emission event is emphasized. The estimates have been compared with some experimental results reported in the literature and a reasonable agreement is found. Es wird eine theoretische Abschatzung der Spannungsamplitude fur akustische Emission infolge einer plotzlichen lokalen Anderung der inelastischen Dehnung durchgefuhrt. Die Quelle kann z.B. eine Versetzungsbewegung, Risausbreitung, Zwillingsbildung oder Martensittransformation sein. Der dynamische Aspekt der akustischen Emission wird betont. Die Rechnungen werden mit einigen experimentellen Ergebnissen aus der Literatur verglichen, wobei vernunftige Ubereinstimmung gefunden wurde.

Solution of linear equations with Hankel and Toeplitz matrices

Abstract: An algorithm is described for solving a linear equationA x=c, whereA is ann×n Hankel or Toeplitz matrix, inO (n 2) arithmetic operations. As contrasted with earlier such algorithms the present one does not require the principal minors ofA to be non-zero except detA.

Lysolecithin and lecithin in the gallbladder wall and bile; their possible roles in the pathogenesis of acute cholecystitis.

Abstract: Sjodahl, R & Wetterfors, J Lysolecithin and lecithin in the gallbladder wall and bile; their possible roles in the pathogenesis of acute cholecystitis Scand J Gastroent 1974, 9, 519–525In 28

Decongestion of Nasal Mucous Membranes by Oral Medication in Acute Rhinitis

Abstract: Clinical trials of antihistamines combined with adrenergic substances showed a dccongestive effect on nasal mucosal congestion due to acute rhinitis. Double-blind technique combined with objective rhinomano-meiry over 9 hours in each individual trial showed complete absence of placebo effect; the results were therefore conclusive. Tests on 85 subjects with acute rhinitis as well as tests on 50 normal subjects with histamine-pro-voked nasal blocking support the idea that an antihistamine and an adrenergic substance show synergism with regard to nasal decongestion. Of the drugs tested, clemastine combined with phenylpropanolamine gave the best result.

Influence of hyperimmune immunoglobulin G on the physicochemical properties of the surface of Salmonella typhimurium 395 MS in relation to interaction with phagocytic cells.

Abstract: Partition in an aqueous, two-polymer phase system containing dextran and polyethylene glycol was employed to investigate the physicochemical changes inflicted by the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies on the cell surface of a smooth strain of Salmonella typhimurium. Adding increasing amounts of anti-Salmonella IgG to the bacteria decreased the affinity for the polyethylene glycol-rich top phase, with a concomitant increase in in vivo clearance and in vitro phagocytosis by rabbit polymorphonuclear cells. Similarly, S → R mutations in the same S. typhimurium strain decrease the affinity for the top phase and increase the liability to phagocytosis. The limiting antibody concentration to demonstrate increase of in vitro phagocytosis was approximately the same as that to produce a significant effect in the phase system, whereas lower concentrations were needed to increase the in vivo clearance. The results show that adsorption of IgG antibodies to bacteria brings about physicochemical changes of the cell surface which seem to promote the phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear cells and uptake in the reticuloendothelial system.

Observations on uptake of herpes simplex virus in organized cultures of mammalian nervous tissue.

Abstract: The uptake of Herpes simplex virus Type I in outgrowing axons of rat spinal cordin vitro was studied by examining the cultures ultrastructurally after inoculation with high titer material. It was found that the virus was taken up both at enlarged axonal regions and along the course of the axons. After attachment of the virus particles to the axons, invaginations of the plasma membrane were formed which were coated on the cytoplasmic side by a filamentous material. This mode of uptake into coated vesicles is similar to the mechanism by which other macromolecular substances, such as protein tracers, may by incorporated into axons bothin vitro andin vivo. Whether the viruses taken up in this way are infectious to the neuron could be determined from this morphological study.

Estimation of the disruption in freeze-pressed Accharomyces cerevisiae by an electronic particle counter†

Abstract: An electronic particle counter has been used to estimate the disintegration by freeze-pressing baker's yeast. A counter threshold level which just yielded the maximum count for intact cells was selected. The conductivity of the suspending medium was chosen such that maximum counts were obtained. Under these conditions, the electronic counts agreed well with the visual counts. At a certain threshold level the maximum count was obtained at a lower resistivity (higher conductivity) in the suspending solution with the freeze-pressed suspension than with untreated cells, indicating that damage to the permeability barrier may occur without disruntion of the cell envelope. Fresh baker's yeast cells do not behave as nonconducting particles. This has to be taken into account when volume determinations with electronic particle counters are performed.

Cystine aminopeptidase activity in pregnancy. III. A comparison between cystine aminopeptidase activity in maternal blood and urinary oestriol excretion during pregnancy.

Abstract: Maternal cystine aminopeptidase activity (CAP) and total urinary oestriol excretion have been compared in 11 normal patients between 30 and 41 weeks gestation, in 9 patients with toxaemia of pregnancy and in 3 patients with a history of complication during the actual or previous pregnancy. The statistical correlation between maternal CAP and oestriol excretion in normal patients was poor (r=0.32). In patients with pre-eclampsia the results were as follows: low CAP levels generally were associated with low oestriol excretion, whereas with high or normal CAP values there were varying levels of oestriol. CAP levels in blood are only related to the function of the placenta, whereas the oestriol excretion is related to the condition of the whole fetoplacental unit. Therefore serial CAP assays cannot replace oestriol assays in assessing the condition of the foetus and placenta. However, in some patients where intrauterine fetal death occurred, decreasing CAP values were observed before there was a significant c...

On the Dynamics of Inventory Control Systens

Abstract: This paper eals with the dynamics of a computer-based inventory control system. In general Buch a real-life system is designed according to the most basic principles of static inventory theory. To control the system in a dynamic sense, management has to vary the policy parameters of the system. Two different mathematical models of inventory dynamics are introduced. The first ie a simple first-order differential equation and the second a discrete multidimensional model. Applications of the two models are discussed with the aid of examples concerning, on the one hand, changes in policy parameters, and on the other production smoothing.

Treatment of children with perennial rhinitis with brompheniraminemaleate and phenylpropanolaminehydrochloride (lunerin mite)

Abstract: The effect of a combined pediatric preparation of brompheniramine maleate and phenylpropanolaminehydrochloride (Lunerin mite) was studied in 17 children (aged 4-14 years) with allergic rhinitis. A double-blind cross-over technique was used, and a score system was used for evaluation of symptoms and signs. The results show that the drug had a good effect with statistical differences on the 1 per cent level between the active preparation and the placebo. The effect was less pronounced in children aged more than 10 years, for whom a higher dose of the drug is recommended. The frequency of side-effects was negligible.

The Defect Structure of Transition-Metal Monoxides

Abstract: Quantitative measurements of the diffuse scattering from wustite (FexO) at 840°C are reported. The clusters of vacancies and tetrahedral ions found previously in quenched specimens are also found at tempera­ture in the stable one-phase field. These clusters are smaller and contain more octahedral iron than those found in a quenched specimen. As x increases the clusters become smaller, and the concentration of tetrahedral ions in them decreases, even more rapidly than the octahedral ion concentration.