Showing papers by "Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center published in 1972"
TL;DR: The interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa, human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and serum factors was evaluated by use of serum bactericidal tests and quantitative tests of phagocytosis and killing.
Abstract: The interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa, human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and serum factors was evaluated by use of serum bactericidal tests and quantitative tests of phagocytosis and killing. Forty-two of 46 blood-culture isolates (91%) of P. aeruginosa were serum-resistant; organisms recovered from 12 patients who survived bacteremia were not killed by fresh autologous convalescent serum containing high titers of antibody. However, fresh sera from these patients (as well as fresh normal sera), when combined with normal PMNs, promoted a 10to 100-fold killing of bacteria within 60-120 min. Optimal phagocytosis by PMNs required the presence of heat-stable antibody and heat-labile opsonin; the activity of the latter was primarily due to the first four components of complement. Heat-stable opsonizing antibody was greatly augmented in sera of survivors of bacteremic infection. Normally functioning PMNs are essential to host defenses, since most invasive strains of P. aeruginosa are resistant to serum.
192 citations
TL;DR: Thirty‐eight tumors, or 1.7%, of a series of 2,135 patients with tumors of the major salivary glands, occurred in patients 16 years of age or below, with an equal incidence of malignant and benign lesions.
Abstract: Thirty‐eight tumors, or 1.7%, of a series of 2,135 patients with tumors of the major salivary glands, occurred in patients 16 years of age or below. An equal incidence of malignant and benign lesions was noted in this series. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and benign mixed tumors were the most common tumors encountered. The treatment of choice is subtotal parotidectomy or submaxillary dissection. Further surgery is dependent upon the histologic diagnosis and clinical setting, i.e., the location of the primary tumor and the presence or absence of cervical nodal metastases. The overall determinate 5‐ and 10‐year survival in this series was 96%; for malignant lesions alone, it was 94% and 93%, respectively.
170 citations
TL;DR: The findings in this study indicate that histological grading is of prognostic importance and that in the surgical treatment of chondrosarcomas in this region there must be a wide margin of normal tissue between the tumor and the line of resection if the best cure rate is to be attained.
Abstract: Between January 1, 1931, and January 31, 1970, 121 patients were treated for chondrosarcoma of the pelvis and proximal end of the femur. Of these 121 patients, 113 with 152 operations met stated criteria and were used to study factors influencing survival rate. At the time of follow-up, forty patients were alive and seventy-three were dead. Of the forty living patients, five had disease and thirty-five showed no evidence of disease—eleven of the thirty-five more than fifteen years after their last surgical procedure. Of the seventy-three dead patients, fifty-nine had died from their chondrosarcoma and fourteen, from other causes.
The data analyzed were sex, age, preoperative duration of a recognized mass, preoperative duration of pain, site and size of the lesion, histological grade of the tumor, and date and type of surgical treatment. The basic method of analysis was by means of survival curves. The significance of the differences between curves was tested by the Wilcoxon-Gehan test.
The findings in this study indicate that histological grading is of prognostic importance and that in the surgical treatment of chondrosarcomas in this region there must be a wide margin of normal tissue between the tumor and the line of resection if the best cure rate is to be attained.
111 citations
TL;DR: The relationship between heat-stable opsonizing antibody in human serum and purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS) prepared from strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed by quantitative tests of phagocytosis and killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Abstract: The relationship between heat-stable opsonizing antibody in human serum and purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS) prepared from strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa described in a serologic typing system by Fisher, Devlin, and Gnabasik was assessed by quantitative tests of phagocytosis and killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Serum from human volunteers given purified LPS showed significantly increased opsonizing activity paralleled by rises in titers of antibody. These opsonins were type-specific, and purified LPS could block phagocytosis of the parent strain from which each was derived. The opsonizing activity in serum could be removed by absorptions with whole live bacteria, heat-killed intact bacteria, or LPS. These absorptions showed that there was no significant crossantigenicity in the typing system of Fisher, Devlin, and Gnabasik, but wild-type strains of P. aeruginosa commonly contained multiple LPS antigens. Heat-stable, somatic antigens of P. aeruginosa have properties enabling the organisms to resist phagocytosis; this resistance is neutralized by serum containing specific antibodies.
82 citations
TL;DR: Heterospecific cell mixtures provide an opportunity to cytologically distinguish cells and study individual cell interactions, and selectivity with respect to substances transferred is shown.
82 citations
TL;DR: This is a report of 35 cases of tubular carcinoma of the breast treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1938 to 1971, where the modified radical mastectomy is considered adequate for most cases.
Abstract: This is a report of 35 cases of tubular carcinoma of the breast treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1938 to 1971. This type of cancer is also known as well-differentiated carcinoma. Ages of patients were 31-75 years with a mean of 50.8 years. In 27 cases the presenting symptom was a mass which had usually been present more than 2 months. In 19 cases the tumor was in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. In 2 cases the cancer was bilateral. Mammograms made for 13 patients were positive in only 6 and questionable in 2 others. In 2 cases small tumors had been incorrectly diagnosed as benign lesions. In 1 fibroadenoma was also present. In 80% of cases other forms of breast carcinoma were also present in the same breast. Of the 35 cases 23(65%) also had foci of intraductal papillary carcinoma. The prognosis is dependent on the associated cancer. In 3 cases (9%) the tubular carcinoma had spread to the axillary nodes. Treatment was by radical mastectomy in 27 instances modified radical in 6 and local excision in 1. Internal mammary resection was done in 1 case. Bilateral radical mastectomy was done in 5. Postoperative radiation was given to 4 patients. Follow-up information of from 1-32 years was available for 23 patients. Local recurrences were found in 2 and 1 there were metastases to the lumbar spine. No deaths were considered due to the tubular cancers. The modified radical mastectomy is considered adequate for most cases.
70 citations
TL;DR: H-2 and TL alloantigens were isolated from the surface of mouse spleen and thymus cells, respectively, by surface radioiodination followed by specific precipitation of a cell lysate.
52 citations
01 Dec 1972
TL;DR: Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare condition that develops following rupture of a mucocele of the appendix or the ovary as mentioned in this paper, and it is treated surgically by lysis of adhesions and removal of peritoneal implants when they arise.
Abstract: Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare condition that develops following rupture of a mucocele of the appendix or the ovary. Twelve cases have been reviewed. Early diagnosis and aggressive surgery offer the best chance for survival of the patient. Recurrent intestinal obstruction is a part of the natural course of the disease, and should be treated surgically by lysis of adhesions and removal of peritoneal implants when they arise. Radiation and systemic chemotherapy do not affect the natural course of the disease or the prognosis.
17 citations
TL;DR: Nucleotidase activity as determined by the automated method correlated well with activities as determined manually by a Ni2+ inhibition—phosphate analysis procedure, and for serum with activities greater than 50 U/liter, 79.1 ± 42.5 and 78.7 ± 41.3 U/Liter were obtained.
Abstract: An automated method has been devised for determining 5'-nucleotidase activity in serum. A modified creatine phosphokinase cartridge (Technicon Instrument Corp., Tarrytown, N. Y.) is used to prepare a reaction mixture containing, per liter: barbital buffer (pH 7.5), 16.1 mmol; adenosine-5'-phosphate, 5.4 mmol; Mg2+, 20.2 mmol; phenyl phosphate, 7.8 mmol; adenosine deaminase, 0.78 mg; and sample, 0.21 ml/ml of reaction mixture. After incubation, the liberated ammonium ion is determined by use of the alkaline hypochlorite-phenol reaction. Nucleotidase activity as determined by the automated method correlated well with activities as determined manually by a Ni2+ inhibition—phosphate analysis procedure. Respective values obtained by the manual and by this procedure were: for sera with activities within the normal range, 7.9 ± 3.2 and 8.2 ± 3.3 U/liter; for activities between 16 and 50 U/liter, 26.3 ± 9.3 and 26.5 ± 8.8 U/liter; and for serum with activities greater than 50 U/liter, 79.1 ± 42.5 and 78.7 ± 41.3 U/liter.
10 citations
9 citations
TL;DR: A new technique was developed to avoid the difficulties encountered with conventional source localization techniques used in implant dosimetry and is considerably more precise than conventional techniques and is also easier to use.
Abstract: A new technique was developed to avoid the difficulties encountered with conventional source localization techniques used in implant dosimetry. This improved method does not depend for precision on accurate positioning of the X-ray target and places no constraint upon the radiographic technique other than that the sources should project upon the film. In addition, this method does not require positive identification of the source images on the radiographs, but employs computer methods to select the proper source coordinates from three sets of randomly digitized image coordinates. The method utilizes a precision jig containing fiducial marks in two planes parallel to the X-ray film. From the projection of the fiducial marks on the film, the spatial coordinates of the X-ray target as well as the sources may be determined to a precision of within 1/2%. Because of the convenience and quality of radiographs, a double stereo-shift method which results in three radiographs is preferred. By means of computer techniques it is possible to search for intersections between the computed X-ray target points and the image coordinates. Any ambiguities which may arise from the first set of stereo films are removed by comparison with the second set of stereo films. This method is considerably more precise than conventional techniques and is also easier to use. Because positive identification of each seed image is no longer required, the digitization of image coordinates is extremely rapid which is a welcome time-saving device. The method is also capable of being extended to automatic scanning techniques which would eliminate the manual digitization of image coordinates.
TL;DR: Of 449 patients with carcinoma of the stomach seen at Memorial Hospital over a span of 10 years, 80 had palliative gastric resection and forty‐six had residual gross disease and thirty‐four had microscopic cancer at the margins of the specimen.
Abstract: Of 449 patients with carcinoma of the stomach seen at Memorial Hospital over a span of 10 years, 80 had palliative gastric resection. Forty-six had residual gross disease and thirty-four had microscopic cancer at the margins of the specimen. The postoperative mortality rate was 17.5%. The duration of palliation averaged two thirds of the survival time with 91% of the patients developing late complications.
The outcome of any palliative reaction in patients with gastric cancer depends on the location and extent of the disease. Distal subtotal gastrectomy should be performed only in the absence of extensive intra-abdominal spread or ascites. The high mortality and the poor results of total gastrectomy and esophagogastrectomy preclude their application.