National Institute of Technology, Patna

About: National Institute of Technology, Patna is a education organization based out in Patna, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Wireless sensor network. The organization has 982 authors who have published 2226 publications receiving 13629 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Patna & Bihar School of Engineering and Bihar College of Engineering.

A Survey on Successors of LEACH Protocol

Abstract: Even after 16 years of existence, low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is still gaining the attention of the research community working in the area of wireless sensor network (WSN). This itself shows the importance of this protocol. Researchers have come up with various and diverse modifications of the LEACH protocol. Successors of LEACH protocol are now available from single hop to multi-hop scenarios. Extensive work has already been done related to LEACH and it is a good idea for a new research in the field of WSN to go through LEACH and its variants over the years. This paper surveys the variants of LEACH routing protocols proposed so far and discusses the enhancement and working of them. This survey classifies all the protocols in two sections, namely, single hop communication and multi-hop communication based on data transmission from the cluster head to the base station. A comparitive analysis using nine different parameters, such as energy efficiency, overhead, scalability complexity, and so on, has been provided in a chronological fashion. The article also discusses the strong and the weak points of each and every variants of LEACH. Finally the paper concludes with suggestions on future research domains in the area of WSN.

Query expansion techniques for information retrieval: A survey

Abstract: With the ever increasing size of the web, relevant information extraction on the Internet with a query formed by a few keywords has become a big challenge. Query Expansion (QE) plays a crucial role in improving searches on the Internet. Here, the user’s initial query is reformulated by adding additional meaningful terms with similar significance. QE – as part of information retrieval (IR) – has long attracted researchers’ attention. It has become very influential in the field of personalized social document, question answering, cross-language IR, information filtering and multimedia IR. Research in QE has gained further prominence because of IR dedicated conferences such as TREC (Text Information Retrieval Conference) and CLEF (Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum). This paper surveys QE techniques in IR from 1960 to 2017 with respect to core techniques, data sources used, weighting and ranking methodologies, user participation and applications – bringing out similarities and differences.