Showing papers by "Russian Ministry of the Emergency Situations published in 2011"

Landslides in southern Kyrgyzstan: Understanding tectonic controls

Abstract: [1] Frequent landsliding is one of the greatest natural hazards facing the inhabitants of Central Asia's Fergana Basin and the surrounding mountain ranges. Active tectonics in the region is rapidly building the Tien Shan, one of the highest mountain ranges on Earth, and the extreme topographic relief promotes frequent landslide activity, which causes major losses of life and property. In southwestern Kyrgyzstan alone, on average 10 people die and seven houses are destroyed each year in these sudden and rapidly moving landslides.

Additive group techniques for calculating the flash point of alcohols, ketones and esters

Abstract: The possibilities of application of the additive group techniques for calculating the flash point of organic liquids on the example of monohydric alcohols, ketones and esters was considered.

Calculation of the electronic structure and spectra for bacteriochlorophyll analogs

Abstract: Geometric structures and excited electronic states for free bases of bacteriochlorin (H2BC) and tetraazabacteriochlorin (H2TABC) as well as for their magnesium complexes (MgBC and MgTABC), analogs of bacteriopheophytin a (H2BPhea) and bacteriochlorophyll a (MgBPhea), have been calculated by a DFT method and by an INDO/Sm method (the INDO/S method with parameterization modified by the authors), respectively. The factors responsible for the observed bathochromic shift of the long-wavelength Q x (0–0) band of MgBPhea relative to H2BPhea, $ {{\updelta }}{E_{{Q_x}}} \cong - 300\;{\text{c}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 1}} $ , have been clarified. Contributions of one- and two-electron interactions to the resulting shift of the Q x (0–0) band have been analyzed in detail for the H2BC/MgBC, H2TABC/MgTABC, and porphine (H2P)/Mg porphine (MgP) pairs. It is shown that the bathochromic shift under consideration for the tetrahydro derivatives is caused by a decrease of the orbital energy gap e1–e−1 between the lowest unoccupied and highest occupied molecular orbitals. The variation of δ(e1–e−1) is large and amounts to –1660 and –920 cm–1 for the H2BC/MgBC and H2TABC/MgTABC pairs, respectively. The two-electron contributions, both into the energy of electronic configurations and due to the superposition of the configurations, produce a compensating hypsochromic effect such that the shifts $ {{\updelta }}{E_{{Q_x}}} $ are –260 and –150 cm–1 for the H2BC/MgBC and H2TABC/MgTABC pairs, respectively. It is also shown that the calculated electronic spectra for the considered molecules agree quantitatively with the experimental absorption spectra.

Government and Industry Cooperation in Practice: Azerbaijan's Experience

Abstract: In recent times, Azerbaijan has seen the development of a significant modern offshore industry. The oil and shipping industries in Azerbaijan bring economic benefits but also give rise to the need for robust oil spill prevention and preparedness measures. Azerbaijan signed the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC) in 2004 and continues to develop and refine its national system of oil spill response. This paper discusses how the Azerbaijan government and key players in the oil industry have successfully worked together to achieve alignment in prevention, protection and response to major incidents. The implementation of the OPRC Convention is the responsibility of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (MES) of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Within the national response system a national oil spill contingency plan has been developed. The main offshore developments in the Caspian since the 1990s have been led by BP, as operator of a number of Production S...

On some regularities in single-channel unclosed systems with two-phase service

Abstract: For single-channel unclosed queueing systems with two-phase service, the probabilities of states and main characteristics were expressed analytically. Different and same durations of service phases were considered.

Crystal and molecular structure of 4(3-acryloyloxy)octyloxy- and 4(3-acryloyloxy)hexyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyls

Abstract: The molecular and crystal structures of N≡C-C6H4-C6H4-O-(CH2)8-O-CO-CH=CH2 (4(3-acryloyloxy)octyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyl) (I) and N≡C-C6H4-C6H4-O-(CH2)6-O-CO-CH=CH2 (4(3-acryloyloxy)hexyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyl) (II) were determined by X-ray diffraction. The structures of I and II are stereotype. The space group of I and II is C2/c, Z = 8; lattice parameters I: a = 34.677(7)A, b = 9.452(2)A, c = 13.004(3) A, β = 99.30(3)°; II: a = 30.858(6) A, b = 9.504(2) A, c = 13.082(2) A, β = 92.78(3)°. The planar extended molecules I and II are packed in the unit cell to give clearly differentiated aliphatic and aromatic regions throughout the whole crystal. All intermolecular contacts are concentrated in the aromatic region. The molecular packing is very loose but the aromatic areas of I and II fully coincide. The only free parameter of the structure is the length of the aliphatic chain (CH2)n (n = 8 and 6). According to DSC data, compound I possesses enantiotropic mesomorphism and II possesses monotropic mesomorphism.