Showing papers by "Toyota published in 1985"

Torque variation absorbing device

Abstract: The torque variation absorbing device comprises a driving plate, a flywheel, and a spring mechanism, a torque limiting mechanism and a hysteresis mechanism installed between the driving plate and the flywheel. The torque limiting mechanism is located radially inside of the spring mechanism and radially inside of an oil drain hole bored in the flywheel. The side plate at one side of the driving plate is bent toward the flywheel and covers a gap between the driving plate and the flywheel. The side plate at the other side of the driving plate is made of a steel plate and the load supporting points on both sides of the side plate are spaced from each other in the radial direction.

A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins

Abstract: A process for joining a first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101) to a second kind of synthetic resin (2) includes several steps. A first step is providing the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101), which may include fillers (102), e. g., glass fibers. A second step is setting a second contact surface (21) of the second kind of synthetic resin (2) on a first contact surface (11) of the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101). A third step is exposing an outer surface of the second kind of synthetic resin (2) to a laser beam. The second kind of synthetic resin (2) transmits the laser beam to the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101 which stores up heat of the laser beam. The second contact surface (21) of the second kind of synthetic resin (2) and the first contact surface (11) of the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101) are melted by the heat of the laser beam. A plurality of projections and a plurality of recesses are formed on both the first contact surface (11) of the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101) and the second contact surface (21) of the second kind of synthetic resin (2). A plurality of the projections of the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101) engage with a plurality of the recesses of the second kind of synthetic resin (2). If fillers (102) are provided, at least some of them (102) will extend between the first and second synthetic resins (1, 101, 2). Accordingly, the second kind of synthetic resin (2) is securely joined to the first kind of synthetic resin (1, 101).

Apparatus for controlling steer angle of rear wheels of vehicle

Abstract: A rear wheel steer angle controlling apparatus for vehicles having steerable front and rear wheels, adapted for controlling the steer angle of rear wheels in response to the operation of the steering wheel for steering the front wheels. When the steering wheel is operated quickly, a rear wheel steer angle is formed in the counter direction to the direction of the front wheel steer angle, so that the response to the steering input for turning the vehicle is improved. Conversely, when the steering wheel is operated slowly, a rear wheel steer angle is formed in the same direction as the front wheel steer angle, thus enhancing the stability of the vehicle running straight. When the vehicle is running at a high speed, the rear wheel steer angle is formed always in the same direction as the front wheel steer angle regardless of the speed of operation of the steering wheel, so that the steering stability during high speed running is improved. When a yawing moment is generated due to a disturbance such as lateral wind, the rear wheel steer angle is automatically controlled in such a manner as to negate the yawing moment, thus compensating for the lateral displacement of the vehicle without requiring correcting steering operation by the driver.

Automobile antenna system

Abstract: The present invention provides an autombile antenna system for detecting surface currents induced on the vehicle body by radio waves. The antenna system includes an electrostatic shielding case mounted on the vehicle body and having an opening formed therein. The opening in the case faces a metallic plate in the vehicle body and a loop antenna is housed within the case and disposed in close proximity to the opening thereof. The loop antenna has a plane of the loop positioned relative to the surface of the metallic vehicle plate at an angle in the range of 90 degrees to 135 degrees or 225 degrees to 270 degrees, whereby the antenna system can more efficiently detect the surface currents induced on the vehicle body by radio waves and can be miniaturized and improved in performance without any externally protruding member.

Wheel slip control system

Abstract: A wheel slip control system has a vehicle speed detector for detecting a running speed of a vehicle; a driving wheel rotating condition detector for detecting an actual driving wheel rotating speed of the vehicle and the acceleration thereof; an advance driving wheel speed computer for calculating an advance driving wheel speed using as parameters the above actual driving wheel rotating speed and acceleration thereof; a second throttle valve provided in an intake passage in a position upstream or downstream of the position where a first throttle valve interlocked with a vehicle accelerator pedal is located; a driver for opening and closing the second throttle valve; and an opening/closing controller for determining a target throttle position on the basis of the detected vehicle running speed and the advance driving wheel speed and controlling the driver so that an actual throttle position of the second throttle valve approaches the above target throttle position. According to above-mentioned characteristics, it is possible to attain superior acceleration and controllability, and the air fuel ratio and fuel consumption are held in a good condition.

Air-fuel ratio controller for internal combustion engine

Abstract: PURPOSE: To keep off any drop in a response velocity due to deterioration, by installing each air-fuel ratio sensor in both up- and downstreams of a catalytic converter in an exhaust system, while compensating an integration constant as a feedback control constant by the sensor at the upstream side with output of the sensor at the downstream side. CONSTITUTION: Both first and second air-fuel ratio sensors A and B, detecting specific component content in exhaust gas, are installed in up- and downstreams of a catalytic converter installed in an exhaust system of an internal-combustion engine, and integration constants KIL and KIR as an air-fuel ratio control constant is calculated by an integration constant operational device C according to output V2 of the sensor B at the downstream side. And, these constants KIL and KIR and an air-fuel ratio compensation value FAF are calculated at an air-fuel ratio compensation value operational device D according to output V1 of the sensor A at the upstream side, whereby the air-fuel ratio of the engine is regulated by an air-fuel ratio regulating device according to this compensation value FAF. With this constitution, a responsive velocity is maintained into a high level irrespective of deterioration in the sensor A at the upstream side. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Process for producing ultra-fine ceramic particles

Abstract: A process for producing ultra-fine ceramic particles with the particle size of less than 1000 A, which comprises the steps of forming powdered dust cloud of metal powder such as Si constituting a portion of aimed ceramic particles in a reaction gas containing the other portion of said aimed ceramic particles, igniting said powdered dust cloud to cause explosive burning and synthesizing said aimed ceramic particles and gathering said resulting ceramic particles. By the process, ceramics particles such as Al 2 O 3 , MgO, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , TiN having particle size of 10 - 100 nm can be produced.

Fuel tank for use in a motor vehicle

Abstract: A fuel tank comprising a fuel inlet pipe and a cap detachably attached to the fuel inlet of the fuel inlet pipe A valve port interconnecting the interior of the fuel tank to a canister is formed in the fuel inlet pipe A control valve controlling the opening operation of the valve port is arranged in the fuel inlet pipe The control valve is normally closed When the cap is slightly unscrewed, the control valve automatically opens, and the fuel vapor in the fuel tank is fed into the canister via the valve port

Active suspension apparatus

Abstract: An active suspension apparatus detects a relative displacement (x) between an axle and a vehicle body, discriminates a road surface state in accordance with the relative displacement and a change rate (x) in unit time which is derived from the relative displacement (x), and optimally controls characteristics of damping forces of hydropneumatic suspensions in accordance with a discrimination result (i.e., a road surface state). This discrimination is performed in accordance with a sum (Ax+Bx) of a signal obtained by multiplying the relative displacement (x) with a predetermined coefficient and a signal obtained by multiplying the change rate (x) with another predetermined coefficient. These coefficients are obtained in accordance with riding comfort against vibrations. The characteristics of the damping force of the hydropneumatic suspension are controlled by controlling the opening of throttle valves disposed between hydropneumatic chambers and actuators.

Car body assembling apparatus and method

Abstract: Different car body parts needed for a complete main body are preworked at a subassembly station and then are releasably attached to corresponding jig units, each unit having a universal frame on which is mounted a set of special jigs conforming to the kind and type of car body being produced. Each jig unit is moved by an independent conveyor to a main assembly station where it is transferred to a corresponding positioning device. Each positioning device then moves its respective jig unit from a first position to a second position predetermined so as to place the different body parts in proper juxtaposed relation for welding by automatic welding devices. Upon welding, the jig units are released from all of the body parts except the under body, are retracted by their respective positioning devices, and are transferred back to their individual conveyors for return to the subassembly station. The completed car body is moved to a succeeding work station, where the under body jig unit is released and returned to the subassembly station.

Hydraulic pressure control device for use in vehicle anti-skid braking system

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control device in a vehicle anti-skid braking system includes a brake master cylinder, a wheel brake actuating cylinder for braking a wheel in response to a fluid pressure from the brake master cylinder, and a directional control valve actuatable in response to a control signal from a control unit which detects a wheel condition such as wheel skidding, for returning a braking fluid from the wheel brake actuating cylinder via a return passage to a fluid pressure supply passage connected to the master cylinder. The return passage has an accumulator for storing part of the fluid from the wheel brake actuating cylinder in an anti-skid control mode. A fluid overflow from the accumulator is delivered via a restriction in the supply passage to the master cylinder to act on the brake pedal as a pedal reaction.

Shift control system of automatic transmission

Abstract: In a shift control system of an automatic transmission, wherein the shift control system includes a first and a second transmissions capable of automatically switching speeds separately of one another, and the first and the second transmissions are shifted simultaneously or alternately, to thereby achieve multi-speed shifts, there is provided a system for starting and completing changes in rpm for the shift of rotary members of the second transmission during the operation of changes in rpm for the shift of rotary members of the first transmission, particularly when the first transmission is high gear shifted and the second transmission is shifted simultaneously, whereby the automatic transmission as a whole is up shifted, so that the shift characteristics can be maintained satisfactorily. In this case, an acting force of a frictionally engaging device during the operation of shift of the transmission is maintained at a predetermined value for a predetermined period of time so as to prevent a neutral portion on the intermediate portion of a series of torque transmitting system from occurring instantaneously to fluctuate an output torque.

Method for making ultra-fine ceramic particles

Abstract: A method for making ultra-fine ceramic particles, in which metal powder constituting a portion of the ultra-fine ceramic particles intended for production is injected at a rate of not less than 70 grams per minute into a plasma jet so that the metal powder is vaporized. The vaporized metal powder is then mixed with a reactive gas, which includes an element consituting the other portion of the ultra-fine ceramic particles, filled in the surrounding area of the plasma jet, and thereby the vaporized metal powder and the reactive gas produce a synthetic reaction. The ultra-fine ceramic particles are produced continuously because of the reaction flame.

Method and apparatus for controlling drive force of a vehicle equipped with continuously variable transmission

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus controls an actual drive force of an automotive vehicle equipped with a continuously variable transmission for transmitting an output of an engine to drive wheels. The apparatus includes an output detector for detecting a currently required output of the vehicle; a speed detector for detecting a current speed of the vehicle; a first device for determining a target drive force of the vehicle based on the detected currently required output and the detected current speed of the vehicle, and according to a predetermined relation among the target drive force, the currently required output and the current speed of the vehicle; and a second device for determining the actual drive force of the vehicle. An adjusting device compares the determined target drive force with the determined actual drive force and controls the output of the engine and/or a speed ratio of the transmission, so that the actual drive force of the vehicle coincides with the determined target drive force.

Device for varying a valve timing and lift for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A device for varying a valve timing and lift for an internal combustion engine comprises a first valve lifter and a second valve lifter, and an oil pressure chamber being defined between the first valve lifter and the second valve lifter. The flow of oil from the oil pressure chamber is continuously and steplessly controlled through a high-speed response control valve in an oil extraction passage. While the oil is being removed, the valve does not lift. When the high-speed response control valve is closed, the first valve lifter and the second valve lifter move together and the valve begins to lift. By controlling the action of the actuator of the high-speed response control valve, the valve timing and lift of the poppet valve can be controlled to the optimum ones matching the engine operating conditions.

Fuel tank nozzle having a dual purpose valve

Abstract: A fuel tank comprising a fuel inlet pipe and a cap detachably attached to the fuel inlet of the fuel inlet pipe. A valve port interconnecting the interior of the fuel tank to a canister is formed in the fuel inlet pipe. A control valve controlling the opening operation of the valve port is arranged in the fuel inlet pipe. The control valve is normally closed. When a fuel pump nozzle is inserted into the fuel inlet, the control valve automatically opens, and the fuel vapor in the fuel tank is fed into the canister via the valve port.

Method of controlling individual cylinder fuel injection quantities in electronically controlled diesel engine and device therefor

Abstract: In effecting individual cylinder fuel injection control in an electronically controlled diesel engine, wherein rpm variations with every explosion cylinder are detected and compared with one another, and a fuel injection quantity control actuator is controlled with every cylinder so as to make the rpm variations of respective cylinders uniform, so that engine vibrations due to a dispersion in fuel injection quantity between the cylinders can be reduced, the individual cylinder correction quantity of the fuel injection quantity control actuator is determined in accordance with a deviation in the rpm variation obtained from a difference between a mean rpm variation and rpm variations of respective cylinders, the upper and lower limit guard values of the individual cylinder correction quantity, the values being variable in association with a range, which the fuel injection quantity control actuator can follow up, is determined in accordance with engine temperature or fuel temperature, and the fuel injection quantity control actuator is controlled with every cylinder in accordance with the individual cylinder correction quantity having imposed thereon restrictions by the upper and lower limit guard values, so as to prevent the divergence of the individual cylinder correction quantity.

Swash plate type compressor shoe

Abstract: There are disclosed a shoe which is interposed between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate type compressor and which converts rotary movement of the swash plate into reciprocal movement of the piston, and a method for manufacturing the same. The shoe has a hemispherical part which is in slidable contact with the surface of a piston defining a hemispherical recess, and a flat end face which is in slidable contact with a bottom end face of the swash plate. According to the method of the invention, a columnar element is compressed in the axial direction for plastic deformation in such a manner that one end of the columnar element is deformed along the inner surface of a hemispherical recess of a die while the other end is urged against the flat end surface of another die. A shoe can be easily manufactured with this method, which has a flank between the hemispherical part which is in slidable contact with the surface of the piston defining the hemispherical recess and the bottom end face of the swash plate which is in slidable contact with the swash plate. According to this method, a hole of a predetermined size may alternatively be formed at the end face of a columnar part of the element, and the end face of the columnar part is cut into a conical shape while reducing the diameter of the hole toward the opening side thereof. Still alternatively, the periphery of the end face of the columnar part may be cut into a conical shape and then pressed to form a hemispherical part. A great flow of the material and local exertion of a high load on the element are prevented.

Method and apparatus for controlling air-fuel ratio in internal combustion engine

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, when the opening of a throttle valve is smaller than a relatively small definite value, the feedback of the air-fuel ratio of the engine is controlled so that the air-fuel ratio is brought close to a first target air-fuel ratio. When the opening of the throttle valve is equal to or larger than a relatively small definite value and is smaller than a relatively large definite value, the feedback of the air-fuel ratio of the engine is controlled so that the air-fuel ratio is brought close to a second target air-fuel ratio on the rich side with respect to the first target air-fuel ratio. Further, when the opening of the throttle valve is equal to or larger than the relatively large definite value, the air-fuel ratio of the engine is controlled to be a power fuel increment air-fuel ratio.

Effect of ion implantation on fracture stress of Al2O3

Abstract: Effects of ion implantation and subsequent thermal annealing on the fracture stress of single-crystalline α-Al2O3 have been investigated for 400 keV N and 300 keV Ni ions. Upon N or Ni implantation, the flexural strength of a specimen 7 × 25 × 1 mm3 in size increased by 20 to 60% in the ion dose range from 1 × 1015 to 1 × 1017 ions cm 2 . By post-implantation thermal annealing, the relative flexural strength for the N implanted specimen recovered gradually with annealing temperature followed by a complete recovery at around 1300°C. This behavior of recovery for flexural strength has been found to be similar to that for radiation damage. On the other hand no recovery of flexural strength has been observed for the Ni implanted specimen, in which a spinel compound NiAl2O4 formed upon thermal annealing at temperatures above 1000°C. In N implantation, the strengthening results entirely from the effect of radiation damage, whereas in Ni implantation the formation of a surface NiAl2O4 layer with post-implantation thermal annealing is also effective in the strengthening.

Spectroscopic study on chemical structure of plasma‐polymerized hexamethyldisiloxane

Abstract: A plasma-polymerized material was produced from hexamethyldisiloxane vapor by a glow discharge polymerization technique. Spectroscopic interpretation of the chemical structure of the polymerized hexamethyldisiloxane was studied by spectroscopic means such as IR, XPS, and NMR. The plasma polymer was barely soluble in the usual organic solvents, although it contained a small amount of the monomer and its oligomers. The IR spectrum indicated that the polymer consisted of SiCH3, SiO, SiCH2, and SiH groups. The surface of the polymer was found to retain structural units similar to the monomer from the XPS measurement. On the other hand, the 13C and 29Si high-resolution, solid-state NMR measurements revealed that the plasma polymer was highly crosslinked with a variety of conformations and a number of O atoms surrounding a Si atom. Results from the XPS and NMR spectra suggested that the bulk of the polymer was more oxidized than the surface layer; Si atom was preferentially oxidized. A hypothetical chemical structure was proposed for the polymerized hexamethyl-disiloxane.

Wheel slip control system for a vehicle

Abstract: 57 A wheel slip control system used for a vehicle includes a pressure source selection means which selects one of the first pressure source providing a first pressure and a second pressure source providing a second pressure depending on the difference of the two pressure, a slip control means which adjusts the first pressure in response to a first adjustment signal or adjust the second pressure in response to a second adjustment signal and thereafter operates to suppress slipping of the wheels including the driven wheels, a brake slip detection means which produces a brake slip signal upon detection of a slip during braking operation, an acceleration slip detection means which produces an acceleration slip signal upon detection of a slip during accelerating operation, and an electronic control means which provides the first adjustment signal to the slip control means based on the brake slip signal for the purpose of vehicle anti-skid control and provides the second adjustment signal to the slip control means based on the acceleration slip signal for the purpose of vehicle traction control. The wheel slip control system performs both of anti-skid control and traction control for a vehicle with a simple arrangement.

Control device of an internal combustion engine

Abstract: Disclosed is an engine having a swirl control valve in the intake port. When the engine is operating under a partial load, a lean air-fuel mixture is fed into the engine cylinders, and the swirl control valve is closed in order to create a swirl motion in the combustion chamber. When the throttle valve is fully open, a rich air-fuel mixture is fed into the engine cylinders, and the swirl control valve is closed. In addition, the ignition timing is retarded. After this, when the throttle valve is slightly closed, the swirl control valve is maintained at the open position, and the air-fuel mixture of an approximately stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is fed into the engine cylinders. At the same time, the ignition timing is slightly advanced.

Intermittent type swirl injection nozzle

Abstract: An intermittent type swirl injection nozzle providing substantially improved spray characteristics while being easy to manufacture and install. The nozzle includes a nozzle body and a needle valve slidably disposed in a guide hole of the nozzle body with a spray hole communicating a body seat formed inside the nozzle body and the forward end of the needle valve. A swirl passage is provided around the needle valve for giving a swirl flow influence around the axis of the needle valve to fuel when the needle valve is lifted from the body seat. A straight passage is provided in a portion where the inner wall of the guide hole and the needle valve make sliding contact for giving the fuel a straight flow influence in the axial direction of the needle valve. The two flows are joined prior to passing through the spray hole.

Apparatus for calculating position of vehicle

Abstract: A vehicle position calculating apparatus has relative position calculating means for calculating a relative vehicle position with respect to a reference position and absolute position calculating means for calculating an absolute vehicle position from fixed-station absolute position information and vehicle bearing information which are obtained from a radio wave transmitted from a fixed station and the above-described relative vehicle position. The relative position calculating means includes means for calculating a present vehicle position by employing absolute positions successively obtained as new reference positions. Accordingly, it is possible to accurately obtain an absolute present vehicle position.

Idling control system for an automatic transmission providing anti roll back action

Abstract: An automatic transmission has a gear transmission mechanism with a forward clutch which is engaged when the gear transmission mechanism is engaged to a forward speed stage, a one way clutch which is in cooperation with the forward clutch provides a first speed stage by rotation prevention, and a brake which, when engaged, in cooperation with the one way clutch prevents the power output shaft of the gear transmission mechanism from rotating in the direction to allow reverse motion of the vehicle. An idling control system for the transmission includes a first mechanism for engaging the forward clutch selectively either to a maximum amount or to an intermediate amount substantially lower than the maximum amount; a second mechanism for engaging the brake, when the forward clutch is thus engaged to the intermediate amount by the first mechanism; and a third mechanism for, when the automatic transmission is being operated in a forward driving mode, the vehicle is substantially stationary, and the engine is in substantially idling condition, actuating the first mechanism thus to engage the forward clutch to the intermediate amount and the second mechanism thus to engage the brake. Thereby, rolling of the vehicle backwards down a hill while waiting in the stopped condition with the engine idling is positively prevented, and starting off of the vehicle is also facilitated.

Side door hinge mechanism in motor vehicle

Abstract: A side door hinge mechanism for a motor vehicle includes a pair of top rotary center shafts supported on an end of the door at a top portion thereof, a pair of top rotary center shafts supported on the vehicle body, a pair of bottom rotary center shafts supported on the door, and a pair of bottom rotary center shafts supported on the vehicle body The bottom rotary center shafts are aligned with the top rotary center shafts A top control arm in rotatably connected at opposite ends to one of the top rotary center shafts on the vehicle body and one of the top rotary center shafts on the door A bottom control arm is rotatably connected at opposite ends to the bottom rotary center shafts which are aligned with the top rotary center shafts which are rotatably connected to the top control arm A main arm is formed integrally in the vertical direction, and i rotatably connected at its end portion to the remaining top and bottom rotary center shafts The main arm includes a large diameter pipe portion, a top arm and a bottom arm

Idling control system for an automatic transmission providing smooth starting off action

Abstract: An automatic transmission has a gear transmission mechanism with a a forward clutch which is engaged when the gear transmission mechanism is engaged to a forward speed stage, a one way clutch which is in cooperation with the forward clutch provides a first speed stage by rotation prevention, and a brake which, when engaged, in cooperation with the one way clutch prevents the power output shaft of the gear transmission mechanism from rotating in the direction to allow reverse motion of the vehicle. An idling control system for the transmission includes a first mechanism for engaging the forward clutch selectively either to a maximum amount or to an intermediate amount; a second means for selectively engaging the brake; and a third mechanism for controlling the first and second mechanism. When the transmission is in a forward driving mode, the vehicle is substantially stationary, the engine is substantially idling, and the braking system is applied, the third mechanism engages the forward clutch to the intermediate amount and engages the brake. Thereafter, if the application of the braking system is terminated, it engages the forward clutch to the maximum amount and continues engaging the brake, or, if the engine ceases to be in substantially idling condition, it engages the forward clutch to the maximum amount and disengages the brake. Thereby, rolling of the vehicle backwards down a hill while waiting in the stopped condition with the engine idling is positively prevented, and mild traffic creep is also provided.

Solenoid-operated hydraulic control device for anti-skid brake system

Abstract: A hydraulic control device for an anti-skid brake system for a vehicle, including a solenoid-operated directional control valve for communication of a pressure chamber in a hydraulic actuator, selectively with a hydraulic power source and a reservoir, and a solenoid-operated flow control valve disposed between the directional control valve and one of the pressure chamber, hydraulic power source and reservoir, the hydraulic control device being operated to effect rapid and slow rise and fall of a pressure in the hydraulic actuator, in response to a slip ratio of a wheel of the vehicle. The flow control valve comprises a flow restrictor which permits a restricted flow of a fluid through the valve even when its valving member is seated on a valve seat in which a valve hole is open. The flow restrictor is provided in one of various forms except an ordinary orifice with a small diameter. The flow restrictor may be a groove formed in an end face of a valving member opposite to the valve seat, a rough or ragged surface of the valve seat or valving member, or a porous structure formed on the valving member so as to contact the valve seat. Alternatively, the flow restrictor may be formed by a porous structure which fills a hole formed in parallel with the valve hole which is open in the valve seat.