Showing papers by "Universiti Sains Malaysia published in 1986"
TL;DR: It is suggested that increased hormone levels may contribute to an acceleration or synchronization of breeding, or be responsible for causing and maintaining more vigorous sexual activity.
92 citations
TL;DR: The blood cockle Anadara granosa (L.) is an osmoconformer which responds behaviourally to low salinity by tight and effective shell valve closure, triggered below 19‰.
50 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Two soap formulations, both containing 20% deet and one each containing permethrin at 0.5 and 1.0%, were applied to exposed arms and legs of volunteers as personal protection against outdoor human biting mosquitoes in six locations on Penang Island, Malaysia, indicating good protection against these species.
Abstract: Two soap formulations, both containing 20% deet and one each containing permethrin at 0.5 and 1.0%, respectively, were applied to exposed arms and legs of volunteers as personal protection against outdoor human biting mosquitoes in six locations on Penang Island, Malaysia. The predominant mosquito species collected from these locations were Aedes albopictus, Mansonia uniformis, Culex gelidus, Anopheles lesteri and Armigeres subalbatus. Efficacy and residual effects up to 4 hours indicated good protection against these species. Reduction in mosquito landing-biting rates in treated groups ranged from 83.8 to 100.0%. At high densities, small percentages of Ma. uniformis and An. lesteri landed or bit on treated skin. Use of the soap formulations in terms of cost-effectiveness, safety and overall vector control strategy for some tropical diseases is discussed.
43 citations
TL;DR: The crystal structure of isothiocyanatotriphenyl- (pyridinium-2-carboxylato)tin(IV) monohydrate is reported in this article.
22 citations
TL;DR: Critical examination of other recent measured data indicates a trend towards poorer agreement at smaller angles, and general agreement with the predictions of Kissel et al. is apparent at the smallest angle of scattering.
Abstract: Accurate, O(5%) measurements of total-atom differential coherent-scattering cross sections of Sn and Pb within the range of scattering angles 10?(de60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} have been performed using 279.2and Comparison, with the predictions of Kissel, Pratt, and Roy and the various form-factor formulations, reveals general agreement with the predictions of Kissel et al. A systematic departure from agreement is apparent, however, at the smallest angle of scattering. Critical examination of other recent measured data also indicates a trend towards poorer agreement at smaller angles.
21 citations
TL;DR: The development of one such model, its implementation and the design of a data-driven machine to support it are described, which exploits a form of parallelism known as OR-parallelism and is particularly suited to database applications, although it would also support general applications.
Abstract: Research in the area of parallel evaluation mechanisms for logic programs have led to the proposal of a number of schemes exploiting various forms of parallelism. Many of the early models have been based on the conventional approach of organising concurrent components of computations as communicating processes. More recently, however, models based on more novel computation organisations, in particular, data-driven organisations, have been proposed. This paper describes the development of one such model, its implementation and the design of a data-driven machine to support it. The model exploits a form of parallelism known as OR-parallelism and is particularly suited to database applications, although it would also support general applications. It is envisaged that the proposed machine may be refined into an efficient database engine, which can then be a component of a more powerful and integrated logic programming machine.
17 citations
TL;DR: Two hundred specimens of the cyprinid fish Puntius binotatus were collected over a period of 1 year, February 1976–January 1977, from an irrigation canal in Palau Pinang, Malaysia, and six species of parasites were recovered.
Abstract: Two hundred specimens of the cyprinid fish Puntius binotatus were collected over a period of 1 year, February 1976–January 1977, from an irrigation canal in Palau Pinang, Malaysia. Six species of parasites were recovered: Dactylogyrus sp., Rhabdochona penengensis Furtado, 1965; Proteocephalus sp., Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934, Pallisentis gaboes MacCallum, 1918 and Lamproglena minula Capart, 1943. The prevalence and mean density of two ectoparasites (Dactylogyrus sp. and L. minuta) and an endoparasite (B. acheilognathi) were examined in relation to season and host size. Fish were found to be free of these parasites in many months of the year. Prevalence and mean density of Dactylogyrus sp. and L. minuta were found to be highest during the early part of wet season, whereas those of B. acheilognathi were found to be highest in the later part of wet season. Prevalence of L. minuta increased with increasing size offish, but mean density was least in the largest fish. Both prevalence and mean density of B. acheilognathi were highest in smaller fish, whereas that of Dactylogyrus sp. showed little variation in the three size–groups.
16 citations
TL;DR: When exposed to desiccatory stress, both species lose weight, but Batagur does so at twice the rate of Callagur, and on return to low salinities both species rapidly replace lost water by drinking.
12 citations
TL;DR: The populations of native male adult oriental fruit flyDacus dorsalis (Hendel) and artocarpus fruit fly D. umbrosus (F.) in two selected site (BU and SD) were estimated weekly by the capture-recapture technique using live traps baited with methyl eugenol.
Abstract: The populations of native male adult oriental fruit flyDacus dorsalis (Hendel) and artocarpus fruit flyD. umbrosus (F.) in two selected site (BU and SD) were estimated weekly by the capture-recapture technique using live traps baited with methyl eugenol. In BU where many varieties of fruit trees were grown, the estimated population densities ofD. dorsalis were between 980 and 3100 male flies per ha between May and July, 1984. During the same period, in SD where there were fewer number and varieties of fruit trees, the estimated population densities were between 300 and 1000 flies per ha. The estimated population densities ofD. umbrosus over the same period were between 570 and 1290 flies per ha in BU; and between 5 and 95 flies per ha in SD.
12 citations
25 Aug 1986
TL;DR: The results obtained by an English to Malay computer translation system at the level of a laboratory prototype are presented and the outline of further work being carried out on this system with the aim of attaining an industrial prototype is outlined.
Abstract: This paper presents the results obtained by an English to Malay computer translation system at the level of a laboratory prototype. The translation output obtained for a selected text (secondary school Chemistry textbook) is evaluated using a grading scheme based on ease of post-editing. The effect of a change in area and typology of text is investigated by comparing with the translation output obtained for a University level Computer Science text. An analysis of the problems which give rise to incorrect translations is discussed. This paper also provides statistical information on the English to Malay translation system and concludes with an outline of further work being carried out on this system with the aim of attaining an industrial prototype.
12 citations
01 Jan 1986-International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes
TL;DR: Measured and parametrised values of the attenuation coefficients of several hydrocarbons having a hydrogen-to-carbon weight ratio in the range from 0.05 to 0.16 and for photon energies 33, 75, 145, 279 and 662 keV are presented in this article.
TL;DR: X-ray analysis of the films annealed at different oxygen flow rates indicates the presence of intermediate oxides such as SnO and Sn3O4 with a trend towards SnO2 at higher flow rate as discussed by the authors.
01 Jan 1986-International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements
TL;DR: In this article, 14 MeV Neutron induced tracks in LR-115 Type II and CR-39 track detectors exhibit a distribution of track diameters, generally attributable to p, α and recoil ions.
TL;DR: A semiquantitative screening method for morphine in urine and a quantitative assay method for the drug were developed and total recovery of morphine using the extraction and dabsylation procedures described is 66%.
TL;DR: Alexander Wilson as mentioned in this paper belongs to a long line of British librarians who have contributed significantly to the development of libraries and librarianhip in Malaysia, including the preparation of the architectural brief and development programme for the Kedah State Library in 1978, and his assistance to Malaysian libraries in making available copies of Malay documents and books which had been deposited in the British Library (then British Museum) during the colonial period.
Abstract: Alexander Wilson belongs to a long line of British librarians who have contributed significantly to the development of libraries and librarianship in Malaysia. His major contributions to Malaysia include the preparation of the architectural brief and development programme for the Kedah State Library in 1978, and his assistance to Malaysian libraries in making available copies of Malay documents and books which had been deposited in the British Library (then British Museum) during the colonial period. This essay is written in honour of his contributions to Malaysian librarianship.
TL;DR: In this paper, the second virial coefficient as a function of polymer composition for three pairs of polystyrene mixtures in 2-butanone has been studied using static light scattering.
TL;DR: Surveillance methods for Coquillettidia crassipes were studied in an open housing estate near Kuala Lumpur using three types of traps Trinidad 10 trap, modified Lard can trap and IMR trap, each baited with chicken or pigeon, and one of the chickens in the traps was positive for microfilariae of Cardiofilaria four weeks after exposure as bait.
Abstract: Surveillance methods for Coquillettidia crassipes were studied in an open housing estate near Kuala Lumpur using three types of traps Trinidad 10 trap, modified Lard can trap and IMR trap, each baited with chicken or pigeon. All traps attracted Cq. crassipes. There was no significant difference in the catches in the three traps. There was also no significant difference between chicken and pigeon as bait. Catches at heights of 1·5, 3, 4·5 and 6 m did not show any significant difference in density. Cq. crassipes was active at night with an early peak during the first hour of the night and a minor peak between 0100 and 0200 hours. The activity of the parous and nulliparous sections of the population was similar, except that a higher proportion of the parous females was active during the second peak compared with the nulliparous females. The parous rate was 22·3%, and the probability of survival through one day for two gonotrophic cycles was 0·711 and 0·650. The infection rate for Cardiofilaria was 29 out of ...
TL;DR: The elastic responses of tissue preserved for 1 day in glutaraldehyde are not very different from those preserved for up to 10 days, and tissues fixed in a glutARaldehyde solution were more extensible than fresh tissues.
Abstract: A comparison is made of the elastic response of fresh pericardial tissues at 25, 37, and 42 degrees C, and also of fresh and glutaraldehyde-fixed tissues. Strips of bovine pericardial tissues cut perpendicular to the base-apex axis of the heart were used. An Instron machine was used for uniaxial tensile tests, and the strain-rate used was 666.7% X min-1. No significant differences in tissue mechanical properties were observed for temperature values of 25, 37, and 42 degrees C. However tissues fixed in a glutaraldehyde solution were more extensible than fresh tissues. The elastic responses of tissue preserved for 1 day in glutaraldehyde are not very different from those preserved for up to 10 days.
TL;DR: A retrospective analysis of 80 cases of gonococcal ophthalmia revealed six (7.5%) to be due to penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), five neonatal cases and one adult, and best results were obtained with topical chloramphenicol and single-dose spectinomycin given intramuscularly.
Abstract: A retrospective analysis of 80 cases of gonococcal ophthalmia revealed six (7.5%) to be due to penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), five neonatal cases and one adult. All six cases were finally cured, but best results were obtained with topical chloramphenicol and single-dose spectinomycin (40 mg/kg) given intramuscularly. All gonococcal isolates should be tested promptly for penicillinase production, and if this is present systemic treatment, modified to spectinomycin or penicillinase-stable cephalosporin, should be given as single-dose treatment.
TL;DR: The Taft's σ value of any given alkyl substituent can be calculated from the equation σ = −0.255 σ b + 0.461 as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: A set of substituent constants for alkyl groups has been calculated and shown to be useful in the correlations of chemical shifts of atoms that have a directly bonded alkyal group(s) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A set of substituent constants for alkyl groups has been calculated and shown to be useful in the correlations of chemical shifts of atoms that have a directly bonded alkyl group(s). The correlation equation used is δ(X) = mσn + b, where δ(X) is the chemical shift of atom.X, δ. is the alkyl substituent constant and m and b are constants for a given series of compounds. Forty-two series of compounds, consisting of thirteen different X nuclei (13C, 14N, 15N, 17O, 19F, 29Si, 31P, 35CI, 75As, 77Se, 113Cd, 125Te, 199Hg) have been correlated.
TL;DR: The one-bond coupling constants (1 J XY ) of nine series of organometallic compounds with the part structure R-X-Y (R is an alkyl group attached directly to the metal atom X) have been correlated with two sets of substituent constants, TAFT's σ* and our σ a.