Showing papers by "University of Nigeria, Nsukka published in 1983"
TL;DR: Thirteen commonly used herbal plants in the Anambra State of Nigeria were identified and collected and extracts were prepared and studied pharmacologically on various isolated and intact preparations.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a non-linear and unified concept of land equivalent coefficient (LEC), which can also be expressed as a productivity coefficient (PC), was proposed for the evaluation of mixture performance.
62 citations
TL;DR: Fermentation of oil bean seeds involves a mixture of bacteria in which Bacillus spp.
Abstract: Fermentation of oil bean seeds involves a mixture of bacteria in which Bacillus spp. are the predominant and most actively involved organisms. Other bacteria involved are Staphylococcus spp., Micrococcus spp. and Leuconostoc spp., but these do not appear to play any major role in the fermentation.
57 citations
TL;DR: Three new vismiones and 3-geranyloxy-6-methyl-1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone were isolated from the berries of Psorospermum febrifugum together with the known chrysophanic acid, 2-isoprenylemodin and ferruginin B.
50 citations
TL;DR: From the bark of Alstonia boonei De Wild (Apocynaceac) a new monoterpenoid δ-lactone 1, named boonein, was isolated as mentioned in this paper.
42 citations
TL;DR: The requirements for inhalational anaesthesia in the developing countries are examined with particular reference to the problems posed by difficulties in the supply of compressed gases and a scheme is proposed to circumvent these difficulties without loss of the quality of anaesthesia other than foregoing the use of nitrous oxide.
Abstract: We have examined the requirements for inhalational anaesthesia in the developing countries with particular reference to the problems posed by difficulties in the supply of compressed gases. A scheme is proposed to circumvent these difficulties without loss of the quality of anaesthesia other than foregoing the use of nitrous oxide.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the age of the oldest exposed sedimentary infill of the Benue Trough is Albian and an earlier and absolute age for the initiation of the rift is implied and a late Barremian to early Aptian age is proposed for the formation of this continental rift.
Abstract: Summary. Rhyolites overlying the basement granitic gneisses and granites adjacent to the selimentfilled Benue Trough were studied. Rb-Sr isochron age of 113 ± 3 Ma and initial 87Sr/86Sr rato of 0.7067 were obtained from two extrusive bodies which form Gboko and Ikyuen hills. It is shown that their eruption has some relation to crustal doming at the onset of the Benue rifting. The published age of the oldest exposed sedimentary infill of the trough is Albian. As a result of the investigation of these volcanic rocks from the basement margin, however, an earlier and absolute age for the initiation of the rift is implied and a late Barremian to early Aptian age is proposed for the formation of this continental rift.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this article, some lanthanide chelates of l-phenyl-3-methyl-4-acetyl-pyrazolone-5, HPMAP, have been synthesized and investigated.
34 citations
TL;DR: Although significant differences in yield were not obtained among the 3 methods of harvest, harvesting by pruning appeared to be preferable, because it is a faster operation than either hand-picking or alternation of harvest-pruning and hand- picking methods.
25 citations
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: The first commissions on education as independent nations of Africa were held by the Addis Ababa Conference of African Ministers of Education in 1961 as discussed by the authors, which indicated that primary education would be used to establish literacy, impart knowledge and skills, develop the personality of the individual and produce useful citizens.
Abstract: About the time of the Addis Ababa Conference of African Ministers of Education in 1961 many African countries had their first commissions on education as independent nations. On the whole these reports indicated that primary education would be used to establish literacy, impart knowledge and skills, develop the personality of the individual and produce useful citizens.
23 citations
TL;DR: Malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and citrate synthase were localized in both the mitochondrial and cytosol fractions obtained from food muscles of starved snails; pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogensase, phosphoenolpyruVate carboxykinase andcitrate lyase were localization in the cytosoli fraction; whereas glutamate dehydrogenases and fumarate reductase activities were predominantly mitochondrial in distribution.
Abstract: 1. 1. A slow but steady decline in glycogen content of the digestive gland, an initial decline followed by some increase in the glycogen content of the food muscle and little or no change in the glycogen content of heart muscle were observed in Achatina achatina following prolonged starvation and aestivation. 2. 2. The free fatty acid (FFA) content of the digestive gland and heart muscle increased rapidly initially, then declined slightly and finally started increasing as starvation was prolonged, whereas the FFA content of the foot muscle increased slightly initially and declined only slowly subsequently as starvation/aestivation was prolonged. 3. 3. There was no difference in the activities of fructose diphosphatase and phosphoglucomutase in the foot muscle of fed and starved snails but glucose-6-phosphatase activity was consistently 30–47% lower in the foot muscle of starved snails than in those of fed snails. 4. 4. Succinate, lactate and alanine appeared to be produced in the ratio of 2:1:3 in the foot muscle of snails starved for 21 days. 5. 5. Malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and citrate synthase were localized in both the mitochondrial and cytosol fractions obtained from food muscles of starved snails; pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and citrate lyase were localized in the cytosol fraction; whereas glutamate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase activities were predominantly mitochondrial in distribution.
TL;DR: Several amides of cinchophen were prepared and evaluated as CNS agents, and compounds III, VII, XII, XIII, and XIV exhibited analgesic activity while I, III, and XIII acted as CNS depressants.
TL;DR: Aqueous extract of the root of Momordica angustisepala (Cucurbitaceae) has been studied for abortifacient effects in albino female mice confirming its use by herbalists to induce abortion in humans in some parts of Nigeria.
TL;DR: In this article, a technique of freeze drying at atmospheric pressure was developed and used to test dry milk, some fruit juices, and solutions of coffee extract, and the influence of certain product characteristics, notably dimensions and concentration, on the mechanisms of the freeze drying operations are discussed, comparing the atmospheric technique to the vacuum process.
Abstract: A technique of freeze drying at atmospheric pressure was developed and used to test dry milk, some fruit juices, and solutions of coffee extract. Samples of the same food products were also freeze dried in vacuum. The influence of certain product characteristics, notably dimensions and concentration, on the mechanisms of the freeze drying operations are discussed, comparing the atmospheric technique to the vacuum process.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared demonstration and non-demonstration rice farmers in Plateau State and concluded that there are no significant differences in adoption rates between them and recommended that, for wide adoption, a technology should be properly tested for profitability in terms of the farmers' needs and circumstances before any attempt is made to transfer it to the farmers.
TL;DR: A flock of 4,500 Cobb broilers inoculated with Newcastle disease vaccine intra-ocular strain B1 type at 10 days of age developed clinical signs of the disease 19 days later; the mortality rate was 71%.
Abstract: A flock of 4,500 Cobb broilers inoculated with Newcastle disease vaccine intra-ocular strain B1 type at 10 days of age developed clinical signs of the disease 19 days later; the mortality rate was 71%. Necropsy examinations showed characteristic lesions. Newcastle disease virus was isolated and identified in the allantoic fluid of embryonating chicken eggs by haemagglutination and haemagglutination-inhibition tests. Histopathological examination showed that follicles of the bursa were depleted of lymphocytes, had many large cavities and were being repopulated by newly formed healthy lymphocytes. Both the acute and convalescent serum samples were positive for infectious bursal disease antibodies in agar gel precipitation tests. Haemagglutination inhibition titres of the acute and convalescent sera were 20 to 80 and 80 to 640 respectively. The vaccine failure may be due to either the subclinical bursal disease or the highly pathogenic nature of the wild Newcastle disease virus.
TL;DR: The population density of available third-stage larvae fluctuated seasonally and this was significant in determining the pattern of infection and conversion rates fell by approximately 20% between 1979 and 1980.
Abstract: A longitudinal study was carried out in Owerri, capital of Imo State, Nigeria, to assess the pattern of Necator americanus infection during a 27-month period. The mean annual prevalence fell from 59·0% in 1978, to 55·5% in 1979 and 51·1% in 1980. The egg count (apparent intensity of infection) fell in a similar pattern. Maximum and minimum conversion rates were 55·2 and 13·7%, respectively, and conversion rates fell by approximately 20% between 1979 and 1980. The highest reversion rate was 55.0% between 1979 and 1980. The population density of available third-stage larvae fluctuated seasonally and this was significant in determining the pattern of infection.
TL;DR: Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm) is the commonest intestinal parasite and this review highlights the danger of the 1 dose vermifuge in the patient with a high population of intestinal ascarids and attempts to explain the age prevalence of the infestation in children.
Abstract: Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm) is the commonest intestinal parasite. This review highlights the danger of the 1 dose vermifuge in the patient with a high population of intestinal ascarids and attempts to explain the age prevalence of the infestation in children. 150 children aged between 1-12 years with established intestinal ascariasis were seen at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu within the 4-year period January 1976 to December 1979. The 3-7 year old children have the highest incidence of the disease. It has been shown that protein malnutrition promotes worm infestation. For these children better attention to hygiene at home as well as school is advocated. Health education in schools should be encouraged and education of housemaids who look after young children is particularly important. The 1-2 years of age group had the lowest incidence of roundworm 4%. These children feed mainly on breastmilk. They are carried tied on the back and protected most of the time so that contamination is low. The incidence of acquired disease is also low among these children. The incidence of intestinal disease in the 8-12 years of age group is 22%. These are more mature children. The knowledge and practice of hygiene is greater. They are less in contact with polluted soil. Most of them take care of themselves and do not depend on housemaids. The symptoms commonly presented by patients were colicky abdominal pain vomiting constipation and diarrhea. Although 26.7% of patients required hospitalization surgical treatment became necessary in only 5.3% of the cases.
TL;DR: In this article, the multivariable root locus concept is generalized by allowing for independently variable gain parameters in the different feedback paths, and sufficient conditions are found under which the matrix of Markov parameters of the open loop transfer matrix G ( s ) will guarantee stability for every gain matrix in the gain space.
TL;DR: The problem of the origin of the Ibo people is a very maze within a maze as mentioned in this paper, and the complexity of the problem has been extremely intricate, for example, there are almost as many Ibo traditions as there are independent sub-cultural groups referred to as “clans.
Abstract: But if the problem that has so far engaged our attention has been extremely intricate, that which concerns the origin of the Ibo is still more so for it is a very maze within a maze. Here…we are face to face with an evolution which is practically interminable, for certain important complexities have to be taken into consideration.The problem of Igbo origins is indeed “a very maze within a maze.” It boggles the mind. Instead of one pan-Igbo tradition of origin there are almost as many traditions as there are those independent sub-cultural groups referred to as “clans” in the Intelligence Reports of the 1930s. In fact in some clans there are two rival traditions of origin. However, for clarity and ease of understanding, we shall here distinguish among three categories of traditions of origin found among the Ibgo people. Going from what I consider the least to the most relevant, these are:[a] traditions of oriental origin[b] traditions of origin from neighboring “great” states[c] traditions claiming autochthony.
TL;DR: In this paper, a general criterion for establishing the stability of a multivariable system from its simplified system consisting of its diagonal elements is presented, which includes all known criteria of stability based on the diagonal system elements.
Abstract: A general criterion is presented for establishing the stability of a multivariable system from the stability of the simplified system consisting of its diagonal elements. This new criterion includes all known criteria of stability based on the diagonal system elements such as Rosenbrock's (1974), Nwokah's (1980) anil Koussiouris's (1980). For the class of matrices satisfying this criterion an equivalent result in terms of eigenloci can also be stated
TL;DR: In this paper, the northern part of the Freetown tholeiitic layered complex is mapped and whole-rock analyses were made for major oxides and for Sr, Cu, Ni, Ba, Zn, Zr, Rb and Pb from 29 samples collected from base to top of seven units.
TL;DR: The durations of eggs, nymphs and immature adults of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat-Ferr were determined at 3–4 constant temperatures and the duration of development of each stage decreased with increase in temperature.
Abstract: The durations of eggs, nymphs and immature adults of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat-Ferr. were determined at 3–4 constant temperatures. The duration of development of each stage decreased with increase in temperature. The rate of development was slowest in the egg and fastest in the second instar nymph. The calculated lower threshold temperatures were 14 °C (egg), 20 °C (instar I), 19 °C (instar II), 19.5 °C (instar III), 17 °C (immature adult), and 20 °C (egg-adult). The sums of effective temperatures were for eggs 131.4 degree-days, instar I 34.1 degree-days, instar II 33.0 degree-days, instar III 32.5 degree-days, immature adult 58.5 degree-days and egg-mature adult 260.9 degree-days above their respective thresholds.
TL;DR: The sociodemographic and diagnostic characteristics of 128 patients in a psychiatric hospital in Nigeria were studied and the three main diagnostic groups found were schizophrenia, affective psychoses and organic psychoses.
Abstract: – In a 1-day survey, the sociodemographic and diagnostic characteristics of 128 patients in a psychiatric hospital in Nigeria were studied. There were morej males (67%) than females (33%). The three main diagnostic groups found were schizophrenia (58%), affective psychoses (17%) and organic psychoses (12%). A total of 28% of the patients were illiterate and a further 47% had received primary school education terminating at various stages. The majority (66%) were either unskilled or unemployed. There was a predominance of young persons under the age of 40 years. Rural patients consulted traditional healers and prayer houses more often than did their urban counterparts. Electroconvulsive therapy was extensively used. The number of in-patient psychiatric beds in the State was found insufficient for its population size, and suggestions are made for future improvement. The possible sociocultural and medical implications of the findings are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of 1, 4, 9-triazaphenoxathiin and the analysis of the two-dimensional J-resolved (2DJ) 1H-nmr spectra of the molecule at 100 and 200 MHz are reported.
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: It is concluded that the hypotension produced by the seed extracts of Croton penduliflorus is hypotension induced by petroleum ether seed extract, and the hypotensive effects of PEE-CP closely resembled those of Pee-CT.
Abstract: The mechanism of hypotension induced by petroleum ether seed extract of Croton penduliflorus (PEE-CP) was investigated in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs and was compared with that of an official sample of Croton tiglium (PEE-CT). Prior treatment of the animals with mepyramine maleate and cyproheptadine hydrochloride did not modify the hypotensive activity of these extracts indicating the absence of histaminergic and serotoninergic mechanisms in the responses. When the animals were pretreated with atropine sulfate, the fall in blood pressure produced by intravenous injections of PEE-CP and PEE-CT was significantly decreased. Similarly, the PEE-CP and PEE-CT inhibited the responses to isoproterenol sulfate, a beta-adrenergic stimulant. In addition, propranolol hydrochloride effectively augmented the depressor effects of the seed extracts. The hypotensive effects of PEE-CP closely resembled those of PEE-CT. It is concluded that the hypotension produced by the seed extracts of Croton penduliflorus is...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined age and sex differences in self concept among Nigerian subjects and found that the level of self concept increases with age with a plateau from the age of 40 years.
Abstract: This study examines age and sex differences in self concept among Nigerian subjects. Self concept was measured with the Tennessee Self Concept Scale which had earlier been found both reliable and valid for the Nigerian population under consideration. The randomly selected subjects included literate males and females aged 14-50 years. Their educational levels ranged from class 3 secondary education to one and half years of university education.The results show that level of self concept increases with age with a plateau from the age of 40 years. This suggests that for this culture the self concept tends to stabilize in the middle age. The effects of sex and sex x age interaction are non-significant. This was explained by reference to the possibility that the female subjects engaged in academic pursuit may have the self confidence to master the demands of academic achievement in a culture where their role is still subordinate.
TL;DR: In this article, the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale was administered to 200 Igbo male and female adolescents from both rural and urban secondary schools in Anambra State of Nigeria.
Abstract: Summary The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale was administered to 200 Igbo male and female adolescents from both rural and urban secondary schools in Anambra State of Nigeria. No significant sex differences in overall self-esteem were observed. However, rural males scored significantly higher than rural females in Behavioral Self, Moral-Ethical Self, and Social Self; urban females scored significantly higher than urban males in Self-satisfaction and Moral-Ethical Self. Also, rural males scored significantly higher than urban males in most domains of self-concept examined, while rural females scored significantly higher than urban females in Personal Self and Distribution. The results were explained by reference to the problems of marginality and lack of clear role definition to which it seems the urban male is more vulnerable than his female counterpart.